🇲🇽 Mexico · Ancient city
Yautepec
Late Postclassic (Aztec/Morelos) · Aztec (Tlahuica–Xochimilca provincial)
Aztec provincial capital (1350–1521 CE) in Morelos — palace, pyramid and 150 ha town at Yautepec valley floor.
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CategoriesAncient cities
Capitals, ports and metropolises that rose, fell and were found again.
🇲🇽 Mexico · Pyramid
Late Postclassic (Tlahuica / Aztec) · Tlahuica / Aztec
Tlahuica twin-temple pyramid at Teopanzolco — 35×25 m double pyramid c.1200 CE with 11 nests; 2017 earthquake revealed hidden Tlaloc temple.
🇲🇽 Mexico · Ancient city
Late Postclassic (Aztec/Morelos) · Aztec (Tlahuica–Xochimilca provincial)
Aztec provincial capital (1350–1521 CE) in Morelos — palace, pyramid and 150 ha town at Yautepec valley floor.
🇮🇳 India · Ancient city
Maheshwar I Chalcolithic 1400–600 BCE → II Early Historic 600 BCE–400 CE → IV Holkar 1760 CE · Maheshwar Chalcolithic → Satavahana → Holkar Maratha
Historic Mahishmati–Maheshwar city on Narmada (1400 BCE–1760 CE) — Chalcolithic below Holkar fort and Maheshwari textile loom.
🇮🇳 India · Ancient city
Early Historic (regional) · Early Historic
Eastern Rajasthan Ridge Inner — Rajasthan, Jaipur (54-38) at Rajasthan, Jaipur, India is a Early Historic (regional) ancient city of the Early Historic tradition, built c.
🇬🇹 Guatemala · Ancient city
Late Classic 400–830 CE (peak 608–808 CE, Dynasty of Piedras Negras 7 lords) · Maya (Yo’k’ib / Piedras Negras kingdom, western Petén)
Largest Classic Maya city on Guatemala's Usumacinta north bank (1,000+ structures, pyramid temples 20 m high) famous for epigraphy: Tatiana Proskouriakoff here invented phonetic Maya glyph…
🇹🇷 Turkey · Ancient city
Early Bronze to Medieval Islamic (c.2500 BCE–1271 CE Mongol sack; peak Old Assyrian karum and Sasanian–Umayyad) · Semitic Harranian → Assyrian → Babylonian (Nabonidus) → Parthian/Roman → Arab Sabian–Islamic
Moon-god Ehulhul city of Carrhae — Nabonidus terrace, Crassus battle plain and beehive-house university.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Ancient city
Canae (Ancient Greek: Κάναι; Turkish: Kane) was, in classical antiquity, a city in ancient Aeolis, on the island of Argennusa in the Aegean Sea off the modern Dikili Peninsula on the coast of…
🇯🇵 Japan · Ancient village
Yayoi Early 300 BCE → Middle 100 BCE → Late 100–300 CE → Kofun transition · Yayoi (Yamato central chiefdom)
Yamato 42 ha double-moated Yayoi town (300 BCE–300 CE) at Karako–Kagi — 1.8 km moat with 107 houses and 70 Dotaku molds.
🇸🇩 Sudan · Ancient city
New Kingdom, 19th-20th Dynasties, c.1300-1050 BCE (Seti I–Ramesses II) · Ancient Egyptian
Amara West walled town on island 70 km north of Sai: palatial administrative capital of Kush under viceroy (King's Son of Kush) from Seti I to Ramesses IX.
🇬🇷 Greece · Ancient city
Cissus or Kissos (Ancient Greek: Κισσός) was a town of Amphaxitis, Macedon, not far from Rhaecelus, which appears to have been the name of the promontory where Aeneas legendarily founded his city.
🇲🇽 Mexico · Ancient city
Preclassic to Postclassic 300 BCE–1450 CE (peak Classic 600–800, Terminal 800–1100) · Maya (eastern Lowlands, Sian Ka'an sphere)
Vast lowland Maya city of ~80 km² with ~6,500 structures linked by 16 white-road sacbeob (raised plaster causeways totalling 70 km, longest Sacbe 1 100 km to Yaxuná near Chichén Itzá, 10 m wide),…
🇪🇬 Egypt · Ancient city
Old Kingdom to Islamic (2600 BCE–8th c CE; peak Middle and New Kingdom) · Ancient Egyptian / Greek
Thoth metropolis 15 ha with twin pylon-city and baboon colossi of Thutmose III in quartzite.
🇲🇱 Mali · Ancient city
Chalcolithic (regional) · Chalcolithic
Sacred Djenné-Jeno Village West — Djenné-Jeno (57-01) at Djenné-Jeno, Mali is a Chalcolithic (regional) ancient city of the Chalcolithic tradition, built c.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Archaeological wonder
Old Kingdom to Islamic (2300 BCE–19th c; peak Roman) · Ancient Egyptian / Roman-Egyptian / Islamic oasis
Western Desert 100-km oasis with Muzawaka painted zodiac tombs and Ain Asil Old Kingdom governor palace.
🇺🇸 United States · Ancient city
Bronze Age to Classical (3000 BCE–500 CE) · Bronze Age urban
Pueblo Bonito — North Wall Ancillary (Chaco Canyon) in New Mexico, San Juan County, Chaco Canyon, United States is a Bronze Age to Classical (3000 BCE–500 …
🇯🇵 Japan · Ancient city
Bronze Age (regional) · Bronze Age
Western Nara Fortress II — Nara, Asuka (54-33) at Nara, Asuka, Japan is a Bronze Age (regional) ancient city of the Bronze Age tradition, built c. 800 CE for fortress and associated settlement.
🇬🇷 Greece · Submerged site
Classical to Hellenistic (369 BCE – 2nd c. BCE) · Theban / Messenian Greek
Epaminondas' 369 BCE war harbour for liberated Messene — ashlar moles 260 m now lagoon reef –1 to –4 m in Voidokilia Bay.
🇵🇪 Peru · Ancient city
Chalcolithic (regional) · Chalcolithic
Sacred Cuzco Enclosure East — Cuzco (55-27) at Cuzco, Peru is a Chalcolithic (regional) ancient city of the Chalcolithic tradition, built c. 400 BCE for enclosure and associated settlement.
🇯🇵 Japan · Ancient city
Medieval (regional) · Medieval
Royal Nara Reservoir B — Nara, Asuka (54-18) at Nara, Asuka, Japan is a Medieval (regional) ancient city of the Medieval tradition, built c. 200 CE for reservoir and associated settlement.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Tell
Pre-Pottery Neolithic to Late Chalcolithic (c.9000–5500 BCE) · Central Anatolian Neolithic → Early Chalcolithic
Cappadocian Neolithic tells (7 m high, 2 ha) in the Melendiz plain below Hasan Dağı obsidian sources. Excavated since 20...
🇩🇿 Algeria · Ancient city
Roman to Byzantine (122-431 CE; peak 2nd-3rd c CE) · Roman military
Plateau fort Rapidum.
🇲🇱 Mali · Ancient city
Trans-Saharan (c. 600–1300 CE; peak 9th–12th c as Kawkaw) · Songhai–Berber (Gao empire; Almoravid links)
Old Gao's eastern port suburb Gao-Saney with merchant quarter and cemetery of 11th c Arabic stelae (spirals, Kufic) documenting Islamisation and gold trade to Sijilmasa; stelae mar...
🇮🇳 India · Ancient city
Sothi / Pre-Harappan to Mature Harappan 3500–1900 BCE · Indus Valley (Harappan) with Sothi antecedent
Major provincial capital of the Indus Valley Civilization on the southern Ghaggar bank in Hanumangarh, Rajasthan, occupied from c.3500 BCE.
🇹🇿 Tanzania · Ancient city
Swahili to Omani and British (Swahili settlement 16th c; Omani capital 1832–1964) · Swahili / Omani Arab / Persian / Indian (Bohra) / British colonial
Swahili stone town capital of Omani Zanzibar sultanate (1832–1964), Stone Town preserves coral-stone labyrinth: House of Wonders (Beit al-Ajaib 1883 Persian-slave-built), Old Fort (Portuguese 1710),…
