🇲🇽 Mexico · Ancient city
Yayahuala — Tula Grande Residential Zone
Epiclassic–Early Postclassic Tollan 900–1150 CE · Toltec (Tollan)
Tula elite barrio palace 50×40 m with temazcal and maguey ovens linked by causeway to Burned Palace.
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CategoriesAncient villages
The first farming settlements and the houses people lived in.
🇸🇪 Sweden · Ancient village
Middle Neolithic (c.3200–2800 BCE) · Funnel Beaker (TRB)
Neolithic pile dwelling (c.3000 BCE) of the Funnel Beaker culture on the former shore of Lake Vättern, with piles preserved in peat, pottery, flint and cemeteries.
🇲🇽 Mexico · Ancient city
Epiclassic–Early Postclassic Tollan 900–1150 CE · Toltec (Tollan)
Tula elite barrio palace 50×40 m with temazcal and maguey ovens linked by causeway to Burned Palace.
🇺🇸 United States · Ancient village
Fort Ancient 1000–1750 CE, Mississippian-influenced Late Prehistoric · Fort Ancient (Central Algonquian, Fort Ancient tradition)
Reconstructed Fort Ancient circular village (3 acres) on Great Miami River terrace at Dayton: central plaza 42 m diameter ringed by post-mold houses, stockade with bastions, and reconstructed cedar…
🇪🇬 Egypt · Archaeological wonder
Old Kingdom to Roman (2700 BCE–500 CE; peak 1500–30 BCE) · Ancient Egyptian / Roman
Syene (Aswan) granite quarries are Old–Ptolemaic hardstone source producing 100-m-long unfinished obelisk of Hatshepsut (1,200 t) abandoned in bedrock crack, plus sarcophagi, colossi and pavements…
🇲🇱 Mali · Archaeological wonder
Islamic Saharan (10th–16th c. CE; peak 13th–15th c.) · Sanhaja Berber / Songhai
Teghaza (Taghaza) is a Saharan salt-mining ghost town on Sebkha salt pan 200 km north of Timbuktu, medieval (10th–16th c.) salt slab quarrying centre described by Ibn Battuta 1352 and Leo Africanus…
🇪🇬 Egypt · Ancient village
New Kingdom to Ptolemaic (c.1550–1080 BCE active; village founded by Thutmose I) · Egyptian New Kingdom (workmen community)
Walled village of skilled artisans who built and decorated royal tombs of Valley of the Kings and Queens (1550–1080 BCE).
🇪🇬 Egypt · Ancient village
Neolithic Merimde culture (4800–4300 BCE) · Lower Egyptian Neolithic (Merimde)
Merimde Beni Salama is Egypt's largest Neolithic village, 4800–4300 BCE Merimde culture, 44 ha mound with 1.5 m stratigraphy, oval houses 5×3 m wattle-and-daub, burial in settlement, lithics,…
🇮🇷 Iran · Tell
Aceramic–Early Ceramic Neolithic (7100–5500 BCE) · Zagros Neolithic (Guran)
Aceramic–Early Ceramic Neolithic (7100–5500 BCE) Zagros Neolithic (Guran) tell at Lorestan Province, Hulailan Plain, Zagros – campsite-to-village neolithic sequence in zagros (dims Mound 8 m, Guran PHASES a–j).
🇲🇽 Mexico · Ancient city
Classic–Epiclassic 200–1000 CE · Cantona (Olmeca-Xicalanca hybrid)
Northern acropolis of largest pre-Hispanic highland city: 20 terraces, 12 ballcourts and 700 m paved causeways on malpaís.
🇳🇬 Nigeria · Ancient village
Neolithic to Late Iron (1800 BCE–1500 CE) · Hadjer Lamis / Kotoko ancestral
3-m 115×85 m stratified mound establishing Chad Basin Neolithic-to-Iron sequence 1800 BCE–1500 CE.
🇺🇸 United States · Tell
Ancestral Puebloan (c.600-1300 CE) · Anasazi/Puebloan (Basketmaker to Pueblo III)
Keet Seel Cliff Dwelling — buried ancestral tell/village at Arizona.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Tell
Chalcolithic–Late Bronze (4500–1200 BCE) · North-Central Anatolian
Chalcolithic–Late Bronze (4500–1200 BCE) North-Central Anatolian tell at Sinop Province, Black Sea – fortified citadel controlling black sea–central anatolia route (dims Mound 20 m high, fortified plateau 1 ha).
🇸🇾 Syria · Tell
PPNB to Late Neolithic (c.8200–6000 BCE) · Damascus PPNB → Yarmukian Pottery Neolithic
Ghouta oasis PPNB–PN village (c.8200–6000 BCE, Ghouta farming) 35 km S Damascus.
🇸🇾 Syria · Tell
Old Babylonian–Mittani (1900–1350 BCE) – Tabetu · Hurrian–Mittani
Old Babylonian–Mittani (1900–1350 BCE) – Tabetu Hurrian–Mittani tell at Al-Hasakah Governorate, Lower Khabur – city-state tabetu on khabur with cuneiform archive (dims 23 ha city with southern palace archive mound).
🇳🇬 Nigeria · Archaeological wonder
Iron Age Nok Culture (500 BCE–500 CE; iron from 550 BCE) · Nok Culture
Turunku in Kaduna's Nok Valley is a Nok Culture iron-smelting precinct and terracotta site, 500 BCE–500 CE, revealing sub-Saharan Africa's earliest iron (c.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Ancient village
Aceramic Neolithic to Early Pottery Neolithic · Central/West Anatolian Neolithic
Aceramic Neolithic lakeside tell (c.7500–6500 BCE) on terrace of Lake Suğla near Karadağ, excavated 1965–71 by Jacques Bordaz.
🇮🇳 India · Ancient village
Ahar-Banas Chalcolithic 3000–1500 BCE (Period I–III) · Ahar-Banas / Mewar Chalcolithic
Chalcolithic Ahar-Banas culture cluster (3000–1500 BCE) along Ahar and Banas rivers around Udaipur, Rajasthan, copper-working villages exploiting Aravalli Khetri copper belt.
🇵🇪 Peru · Ancient city
Early Late Horizon 1420–1438 CE (pre-Pachacuti) · Inca (pre-imperial)
Wiraqocha's 3600 m royal estate above Sacred Valley with 40 m Kallanka, terraces and reservoir 23 m.
🇯🇵 Japan · Ancient village
Early–Middle Jomon 3500–2000 BCE · Jomon Early–Middle Hokkaido maritime
Early–Middle Jomon coastal settlement (3500–2000 BCE) on Ofune River terrace facing Uchiura Bay, Hokkaido, renowned for 100+ deep pit graves, stone pile graves, and massive whale-bone midden (sperm…
🇹🇷 Turkey · Tell
Early Bronze–Iron (2600–600 BCE) · Hurrian – Aramaean (Harran)
Early Bronze–Iron (2600–600 BCE) Hurrian – Aramaean (Harran) tell at Şanlıurfa Province, Harran Plain – 22-m tell controlling harran plain, cargo from carchemish (dims 22 m high, 1 km² lower town, EB palace).
🇮🇶 Iraq · Ancient village
Protoneolithic (10500–9500 BCE) · Zarzian Epipalaeolithic–PPN
Protoneolithic (10500–9500 BCE) Zarzian Epipalaeolithic–PPN ancient village at Erbil Governorate, Greater Zab tributary – open-air forager base preceding first villages (dims Scatter 3000 m² with huts and ground stone).
🇺🇸 United States · Ancient village
Pueblo I-II-III; Chuskum-Chacoan · Chacoan × Chuskan frontier (Chuska timber route)
Mesa-top wedge great house on West Mesa promontory (900–1125 CE) controlling west gap and Chuska roads — crescent plan with great kiva and hinterland pictograph.
🇯🇴 Jordan · Archaeological wonder
Umayyad Caliphate (c.711–715 CE) · Umayyad Arab / Byzantine influence
Umayyad desert castle bathhouse (qasr) built by Caliph Walid I (705–715 CE) famous for extensive frescoes: vaulted audience hall with hunting scenes, musicians, six kings (Byzantine, Sasanian,…
🇹🇷 Turkey · Tell
Late Neolithic to Early Chalcolithic · Burdur Lake Neolithic (Hacılar culture)
Pottery Neolithic to Chalcolithic tell (5700–3500 BCE) in the Burdur Lake District, where James Mellaart uncovered nine aceramic and ceramic Neolithic levels with lime-plaster floors and spectacular…
