Achaemenid royal necropolis: four cruciform tombs cut into Haji Abad cliff – Darius I (522–486 BCE), Xerxes I, Artaxerxes I, Darius II – with columned facades and relief of king before Ahuramazda and…

🇸🇦 Saudi Arabia · Archaeological wonder

Dadan – Kingdom of Lihyan at AlUla

Iron Age to Classical (800 BCE – 100 CE) · Dedanite / Lihyanite (North Arabian)

Twin tells of Umm Daraj and Al-Khuraiba flanking the AlUla oasis, whose cliffs hide the rock-cut Lion Tombs – two unfinished effigies of couchant lions only 4 m long, unique in Arabia.

🇮🇶 Iraq · Necropolis

Necropolis of Dara-Wadi

Moche (100–800 CE) · Moche

Necropolis of Dara-Wadi in Dhi Qar, Iraq is a Moche (100–800 CE) necropolis attributed to Moche culture.

🇱🇾 Libya · Necropolis

Gerisa South Necropolis (Ghirza Southern Tombs)

Roman Tripolitanian (1st–6th c. CE) · Tripolitanian (Libyan–Roman pastoral)

Ghirza southern tomb shelf with 20 temple mausolea and bazina.

🇺🇸 United States · Necropolis

Necropolis of White

Moche (100–800 CE) · Moche

Necropolis of White in Ohio, United States is a Moche (100–800 CE) necropolis attributed to Moche culture.

🇱🇾 Libya · Necropolis

Theuchira (Tocra) North Necropolis

Greek to Late Antique (7th c. BCE–7th c. CE) · Greek (Cyrenean) / Roman

Quarry-necropolis north of Tocra with 120 chamber tombs.

🇮🇷 Iran · Tell

Gohar Tepe

Bronze to Iron Age (c.2500 BCE–800 BCE; peak 2000–1500 BCE) · Caspian Bronze → Iron I (Amlash–Hasanlu sphere)

Gohar Tepe near the Caspian is the largest Bronze–Iron mound in Mazandaran — 50 ha with stratigraphy ca.2500 BCE to Iron I, revealing Caspian–Central Asian bron...

🇹🇷 Turkey · Rock-cut

Myra Rock-Tombs Northern Necropolis — Demre Extension

Lycian (5th–4th c. BCE) then Roman · Lycian (Xanthian) Greek

Myra Rock-Tombs Northern Necropolis — Demre Extension in Antalya Province, Turkey is a Lycian (5th–4th c. BCE) then Roman rock_cut attributed to Lycian (Xanthian) Greek.

🇹🇷 Turkey · Rock-cut

Tlos — Rock Tombs Eastern Extension

Lycian–Roman (500 BCE–200 CE) · Lycian (Tlos was Lycia capital)

Tlos — Rock Tombs Eastern Extension in Muğla Province, Turkey is a Lycian–Roman (500 BCE–200 CE) rock_cut attributed to Lycian (Tlos was Lycia capital).

🇪🇬 Egypt · Necropolis

El Kab North Wadi Necropolis

Predynastic to New Kingdom (3500–1086 BCE) · Predynastic / Egyptian (New Kingdom)

Governor tombs north of El Kab with predynastic rock-art bank.

🇵🇪 Peru · Ancient city

Sipán Royal Tombs — Huaca Rajada

Moche Middle (250–400 CE) · Moche (Sipán)

Sipán Royal Tombs — Huaca Rajada in Lambayeque Region, Peru is a Moche Middle (250–400 CE) ancient-city attributed to Moche (Sipán).

🇬🇷 Greece · Ancient city

Kerameikos Cemetery and Dipylon Gate — Athens

Late Bronze Age to Late Antique · Athenian

Kerameikos Cemetery and Dipylon Gate — Athens in Attica, Greece is a Late Bronze Age to Late Antique ancient-city attributed to Athenian.

🇯🇴 Jordan · Tell

Tell el-Mazar — Jordan Valley Tumuli

Early Bronze Age to Iron Age (3400–600 BCE) · Canaanite / Ammonite

Tell el-Mazar — Jordan Valley Tumuli in Jordan Valley, Jordan is a Early Bronze Age to Iron Age (3400–600 BCE) tell attributed to Canaanite / Ammonite.

🇱🇧 Lebanon · Submerged site

Byblos Submerged Necropolis Reef

Middle Bronze Age (2000–1600 BCE) · Canaanite Byblos

Byblos Submerged Necropolis Reef in Mount Lebanon, Lebanon is a Middle Bronze Age (2000–1600 BCE) submerged-city attributed to Canaanite Byblos.

🇹🇷 Turkey · Rock-cut

Gagai — Lycia Coastal Necropolis Annex

Lycian (500 BCE–200 CE) · Lycian

Gagai — Lycia Coastal Necropolis Annex in Antalya Province, Turkey is a Lycian (500 BCE–200 CE) rock_cut attributed to Lycian.

🇲🇽 Mexico · Tomb

Tabachines Shaft Tombs — Atemajac

Late Formative (300 BCE–400 CE) · Western Mexico

Tabachines Shaft Tombs — Atemajac in Jalisco, Mexico is a Late Formative (300 BCE–400 CE) tomb attributed to Western Mexico. Cluster of 11 shaft tombs at Atemajac valley with box tombs intrusive.

🇧🇬 Bulgaria · Necropolis

Varna Chalcolithic Necropolis — West Industrial Zone

Late Chalcolithic (Varna Culture) · Varna Culture (Gumelnița-Karanovo)

Chalcolithic cemetery in western Varna industrial zone (c. 4560–4450 BCE) with 294 graves, yielding world's oldest gold treasure (3,000+ gold artifacts, 6 kg).

🇮🇹 Italy · Rock-cut

Cassibile Rock-Cut Necropolis

Iron Age (1000–700 BCE) · Sikel

Cassibile Rock-Cut Necropolis in Sicily, Italy is a Iron Age (1000–700 BCE) rock_cut attributed to Sikel. 180+ chamber tombs along Cassibile river gorge cliffs.

🇸🇩 Sudan · Pyramid

Pyramids of Meroë

Meroitic Kingdom · Kushite / Meroitic

Royal cemetery of Kushite Kingdom of Meroë (300 BCE–350 CE) with ~200 steep Nubian pyramids, smaller and narrower than Egyptian, with offering chapels decorated with Egyptian-Kushite reliefs.

🇮🇹 Italy · Megalith

Li Muri Necropolis

Late Neolithic · Arzachena Culture (Ozieri)

Li Muri Necropolis in Sardinia, Olbia-Tempio, Italy is a Late Neolithic megalithic attributed to Arzachena Culture (Ozieri) culture.

🇵🇹 Portugal · Megalith

Alcalar Chalcolithic Megalithic Necropolis

Chalcolithic (3000–2000 BCE) · Alcalar / Bell Beaker

Algarve's leading Chalcolithic centre excavated by Estácio da Veiga 1880s, with slate plaques, copper tools and ivory.

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