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CategoriesAncient ports
Harbours, quays and anchorages that moved cargo before the coastline shifted.
🇷🇺 Russia · Submerged site
Archaic to Medieval (c.580 BCE – 1482 CE) · Mytilenean Greek / Khazar / Kievan Rus
Mytilenean Bosporan polis on Taman hill — lower harbour 1–4 m submerged along Tuzla spit, 2500-year sequence to Tmutarakan Rus.
🇬🇷 Greece · Submerged site
Early Historic (regional) · Early Historic
Royal Pavlopetri Settlement North — Pavlopetri, Laconia (58-49) at Pavlopetri, Laconia, Greece is a Early Historic (regional) submerged city of the Early Historic tradition, built c.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Submerged site
Classical (regional) · Classical
Royal Alexandria Settlement South — Alexandria, Pharos (58-04) at Alexandria, Pharos, Egypt is a Classical (regional) submerged city of the Classical tradition, built c.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Submerged site
Seleucid to Byzantine (c. 280 BCE – 1200 CE) · Seleucid Greek / Carian / Byzantine
Maeander river harbour 18 km inland – quay buried 5 m at Kuyucak plain.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Submerged site
Iron Age (regional) · Iron Age
Old Alexandria Settlement I — Alexandria, Pharos (58-23) at Alexandria, Pharos, Egypt is a Iron Age (regional) submerged city of the Iron Age tradition, built c.
🇯🇵 Japan · Submerged site
Bronze Age (regional) · Bronze Age
Royal Yonaguni Citadel Central — Yonaguni (58-22) at Yonaguni, Japan is a Bronze Age (regional) submerged city of the Bronze Age tradition, built c. 200 CE for citadel and associated settlement.
🇮🇹 Italy · Submerged site
Neolithic (regional) · Neolithic
Inner Baiae Settlement A — Baiae (58-10) at Baiae, Italy is a Neolithic (regional) submerged city of the Neolithic tradition, built c. 200 CE for settlement and associated settlement.
🇷🇺 Russia · Submerged site
Classical to Roman (c.400 BCE – 240 CE) · Sindian Greek / Bosporan
Sindian port turned Bosporan city under Anapa — 40 ha grid with harbour quarter 1–2.5 m submerged off beach, museum in city centre.
🇮🇳 India · Submerged site
Iron Age (regional) · Iron Age
New Dwarka Citadel North — Dwarka (58-03) at Dwarka, India is a Iron Age (regional) submerged city of the Iron Age tradition, built c. 2500 BCE for citadel and associated settlement.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Submerged site
Archaic Greek to Byzantine (560 BCE – 1453 CE) · Megarian Greek / Heraclean tyranny / Mithridatic
560 BCE Megarian tyrant harbour — 220 m ashlar mole now –1 to –4 m under Ereğli coal pier off Acheron cave.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Ancient city
Submycenaean to Classical (1100–386 BCE) · Ionian Greek (Klazomenai)
Archaic olive-press metropolis 650 BCE — earliest olive mills & Klazomenian sarcophagi.
🇱🇧 Lebanon · Submerged site
Roman (300 BCE–500 CE) · Roman
Sunken City off Sanctuary-Wall in Bekaa Valley, Lebanon is a Roman (300 BCE–500 CE) submerged city attributed to Roman culture.
🇹🇳 Tunisia · Ancient city
Punic to Islamic (6th c. BCE–11th c. CE) · Punic / Roman (Tripolitana)
Oasis harbour at Wadi Gabes mouth with palm-grove cothon.
🇮🇱 Israel · Ancient city
Middle Bronze Age to Roman (2000 BCE–200 CE) · Canaanite / Phoenician / Sea Peoples (Sikils)
Tel Dor — Phoenician Port in Carmel Coast, Israel is a Middle Bronze Age to Roman (2000 BCE–200 CE) ancient-city attributed to Canaanite / Phoenician / Sea Peoples (Sikils).
🇩🇿 Algeria · Ancient port
Numidian to Late Antique (3rd c. BCE–7th c. CE) · Numidian (Masaesyli) / Roman (Mauretania)
Syphax's harbour with 200 m submerged rubble mole and purple middens.
🇲🇦 Morocco · Ancient port
Phoenician 8th c. BCE → Mauretanian Juba II 25 BCE → Roman Tingitana · Phoenician → Mauretanian (Juba) → Roman
Lixus excavated by Montalban & Ponsich 1947–, Atlantic garum capital of Tingitana.
🇸🇩 Sudan · Ancient city
Medieval to Ottoman (12th–20th c CE) · Beja–Ottoman Swahili-type coral city
Suakin — Coral Port City in Red Sea State, Sudan is a Medieval to Ottoman (12th–20th c CE) ancient-city attributed to Beja–Ottoman Swahili-type coral city.
🇬🇷 Greece · Buried city
Classical to Late Roman (333 BCE – 365 CE) · Greek / Hellenistic / Roman
333 BCE closed harbour of Phalasarna now stranded +6.6 m above sea by the AD 365 Crete earthquake — rock-cut basin and canal uplifted overnight.
🇷🇺 Russia · Submerged site
Archaic to Late Antique (543 BCE – 600 CE) · Ionian Greek / Bosporan Kingdom
Central harbour insulae of Phanagoria in Taman Bay centre — orthogonal streets and 90 m embankment at –2 to –3 m.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Submerged site
Hellenistic to Late Antique (275 BCE – 550 CE) · Ptolemaic / Roman
Northern lagoon harbour of Berenike Troglodytica — 70 m fort mole at –1.5 m and fort wall.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Submerged site
Middle Kingdom (1991–1783 BCE) · Middle Kingdom Egyptian
Northern Pharaonic anchorage of Wadi Gawasis north — 55 m breakwater at –1.5 m and cedar timbers.
🇬🇷 Greece · Submerged site
Hellenistic (309–281 BCE primary; to Roman 100 CE) · Hellenistic Macedonian
Northern distributary harbour of Lysimacheia on Hebros — 80 m quay at –2.2 m and palace causeway.
🇨🇾 Cyprus · Buried city
Late Bronze Age (1600–1050 BCE) · Cypriot-Alashiyan / Mycenaean / Levantine
Alashiya capital 1600 BCE — Pedieos estuary harbour 400x200 m silted 3 km inland with Cyclopean walls 15 m thick and copper oxhide ingots.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Submerged site
Roman to Early Islamic (1 CE – 800 CE) · Roman / Byzantine / Early Islamic
Southern roadstead of Quseir al-Qadim — 65 m coral breakwater at –3 m and mangrove quay.
