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CategoriesRock art sites
Paintings and engravings from the deepest human past.
🇵🇪 Peru · Cave
Lithic – Preceramic (c.12000–8000 BCE earliest; 8600 BCE cultigens) · Andean Lithic / Guitarrero tradition
Guitarrero Cave is a shallow limestone rockshelter on the west flank of the Cordillera Blanca above the Santa River at 2,580 m near Yungay, Ancash.
🇦🇲 Armenia · Rock art
Late Bronze to Medieval Silk Road · Urartian, Medieval Armenian (Zakarid), Seljuk
North plateau caravanserai rock-shelter with medieval caravan petroglyphs at 2820 m.
🇲🇳 Mongolia · Megalith
Late Bronze to Early Iron (Mongolian Late Bronze) · Deer Stone–Khirigsuur Culture
14 Classic deer stones (1400–700 BCE) — 4.2-m flight-deer stelae in Khovsgol valley.
🇲🇳 Mongolia · Rock art
Palaeolithic to Early Bronze · Afanasievo, Chemurchek, Okunev
South overhang 180 m south of cave with Afanasievo exterior petroglyphs on talus.
🇰🇿 Kazakhstan · Rock art
Early Nomadic · Saka, Wusun, Kangju
Upper second terrace 500 m inland with Saka animal style settlement context.
🇲🇳 Mongolia · Archaeological wonder
Bronze Age Khereksur/Deer Stone–Khirigsuur Complex · Mongolian Late Bronze Age pastoralists (pre-Xiongnu)
30 Bronze Age deer stones (1400–700 BCE)—densest flying-deer stelae gallery at Mörön.
🇫🇷 France · Rock art
Chalcolithic to Bronze Age (Remedello to Polada) · Southern Alpine Chalcolithic and Early Bronze Age pastoralists (Proto-Bego culture)
Durance serpentinite slabs with 400 serpent and dagger engravings 3000–1800 BCE, Monte Bego piedmont.
🇺🇸 United States · Rock art
Archaic to Historic (4000 BCE – 19th c.) · Archaic Desert (BCS), Fremont, Numic Ute
Book Cliffs triple-gallery BCS ghosts, Fremont and Ute horses in one wash.
🇻🇳 Vietnam · Rock art
Mesolithic Hoabinhian 12,000–7000 → Da But → Phung Nguyen 2000 BCE · Hoa Binh / Hoabinhian Mesolithic (Vietnam northern karst)
Hoa Binh (Hòa Bình) culture type-site — karst rockshelter caves (12,000–2000 BCE, Mesolithic–Neolithic) 70 km south Hanoi on Ma River limestone karst, excavated 1927 Colani (ÉFEO) and 1970s–2000s Ha…
🇻🇳 Vietnam · Archaeological wonder
Hoabinhian 10,000–8000 BCE → Son Vi → Sa Huynh 1000 BCE–200 CE → War layer 1965–75 · Hoabinhian → Sa Huynh
Truong Son = Annamite highland caves (Hoabinhian→Sa Huynh, 10 ka–500 CE) on Hai Van crest (task-highlight).
🇪🇸 Spain · Rock art
Mesolithic to Chalcolithic (7000–2000 BCE) · Mesolithic Levantine hunters then Neolithic Schematic farmers
Levantine type site Cova dels Cavalls 57 deer-archer frieze 7000–3500 BCE, UNESCO 874 origin.
🇺🇦 Ukraine · Rock art
Early Bronze Age · Catacomb (Katakombnaya)
North gully 350 m north of Kamyana Mohyla with Catacomb geometric masks and wagon panels.
🇨🇳 China · Rock art
Neolithic to Medieval Chinese (Majiayao to Western Xia) · Northern Neolithic, Ordos Bronze, Xiongnu and Tangut
Ningxia southern Helan fringe cliffs with 1200 images Neolithic to Xixia, Ordos interface.
🇺🇸 United States · Rock art
Middle to Late Archaic (3000–2000 BCE) · Lower Pecos hunter-foragers (related to Coahuiltecan)
Texas Lower Pecos 7.6-m shaman-antlered polychrome 3000–2000 BCE, Pecos style type.
🇺🇿 Uzbekistan · Rock art
Mesolithic (Early Holocene) · Zaraut Mesolithic hunter-gatherers (Kuhitang cultural complex)
Kuhitang shelter with Mesolithic ochre hunt scenes 8000–5000 BCE, narrative archers and bulls.
🇨🇱 Chile · Geoglyph
Middle Horizon to Late Intermediate (Cabuza-Maytas-Chiribaya / Arica) · Arica cultural complex
Hill figures and extensive pre-Hispanic village on Cerro Sombrero (Hat Hill) in mid-Azapa Valley, 12 km inland from Arica.
🇯🇴 Jordan · Rock art
Neolithic to Islamic (Thamudic–Nabataean–Islamic) · Neolithic pastoralists, Thamudic tribes, Nabataean caravan masters, early Arabs
Wadi Rum desert cliffs with 25,000 petroglyphs and Thamudic texts, UNESCO landscape.
🇲🇱 Mali · Archaeological wonder
Iron Age to Living (700 BCE–present) · Toloy / Tellem / Dogon
150-km 400-m cliff with 700 Tellem caves 11th–16th c, granaries, Dogon villages and Toloy archaeology.
🇮🇳 India · Rock art
Mesolithic to Early Historic (8000 BCE – 1000 CE) · Mesolithic Narmada Hunter-Gatherers, Chalcolithic Malwa, Historic tribal (Gond)
Narmada quartzite 30 shelters with buffalo-hunt microlith art 8 ka–historic.
🇸🇦 Saudi Arabia · Rock art
Early Holocene humid to Bronze/Thamudic arid · Neolithic hunter-herders to Thamudic caravaneers
UNESCO escarpment with 300 panels—lions on leashed dogs and savanna fauna from Arabia's humid phase.
🇷🇺 Russia · Rock art
Neolithic to Turkic Khaganate · Afanasievo, Okunev, Andronovo, Saka-Pazyryk, Turkic
North bank Yaloman terrace 1.8 km upstream of main Kalbak-Tash with elk-boat panels.
🇦🇲 Armenia · Rock art
Early to Late Bronze via Early Iron · Kura-Araxes, Trialeti, Lchashen-Metsamor, Urartian fringe
Lower southeast lava field 1.1 km from crater lake with 380 boulders and vishap cart motifs.
🇳🇪 Niger · Rock art
Early Holocene Bubalus Period (8000–5000 BCE) · Early Holocene Saharan hunter-pastoralists (Bubalus tradition)
Aïr life-size 5.8-m giraffes with leashes 8000–5000 BCE, largest Saharan engravings.
🇮🇳 India · Archaeological wonder
Southern Neolithic (2500–1000) → Megalithic Iron (1000–300 BCE) → Mauryan → Satavahana · Southern Neolithic → Megalithic → Mauryan
Neolithic–Megalithic–Mauryan mound (c.2500 BCE–500 CE) at Maski, Raichur Doab — hillock settlement (12 ha) with Southern Neolithic grey ware, Megalithic iron burials and the decisive Maski Rock Edict…
