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CategoriesTemple complexes
Sacred precincts, sanctuaries and the architecture of ritual.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Temple complex
Pre-Pottery Neolithic A (9600-8800 BCE) · Pre-Pottery Neolithic
Gobekli Tepe Enclosure F Annex East in Southeastern Anatolia, Sanliurfa, Turkey is a Pre-Pottery Neolithic A (9600-8800 BCE) temple complex attributed to Pre-Pottery Neolithic.
🇮🇳 India · Temple complex
Pala Period (750–1161 CE) · Pala Mahayana/Vajrayana Buddhist (Bengal)
Great Pala university (770–1200 CE)—330×330 m quadrangle, 208 cells, cruciform temple with 3-m Buddha.
🇮🇳 India · Temple complex
Mauryan 3rd c BCE → Sunga 2nd c BCE → Gupta 5th c · Mauryan Buddhist sangha → Sunga
Sanchi mandala outlier 10 km SW — 8 stupas (Stupa 2 relic casket, Brahmi) on Betwa ridge.
🇦🇲 Armenia · Temple complex
Early Christian Armenian (301–650 CE) · Early Armenian Apostolic; Urartian–Hellenistic pagan predecessor
301 CE Gregory the Illuminator's cathedral over Tir temple — world's oldest state church, Hripsime 618 tetraconch.
🇬🇹 Guatemala · Ancient city
Middle to Late Preclassic 700 BCE–150 CE (Preclassic fluorescence, collapsed c.150 CE Mirador hiatus) · Maya (Preclassic Mirador Basin state, Late Preclassic centralized polity)
Second-largest Preclassic Maya city after El Mirador (700 BCE–400 CE, 30 km southeast of Mirador): 250 m-high-adjacent Henequén pyramid (60 m high ×190×165 m, seventh-tallest Maya pyramid), Mano de…
🇪🇬 Egypt · Buried city
Middle Kingdom to Late Roman (1800 BCE – 350 CE) · Egyptian / Greco-Roman Fayum
Crocodile temple quarter of Narmouthis 1–2 m buried at Medinat Ghoran — Renenutet birth-house and sacred lake 40×30 m.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Buried city
Middle Kingdom to Late Roman (1800 BCE – 350 CE) · Egyptian / Greco-Roman Fayum
Crocodile temple quarter of Narmouthis 1–2 m buried at Medinat Ghoran — Renenutet birth-house and sacred lake 40×30 m.
🇦🇫 Afghanistan · Temple complex
Mauryan 3 c. BCE → Kushan 1–4 c. → Hepthalite 5–6 c. → Turk Shahis 7–9 c. · Gandharan Buddhist → Kabul Shahi Buddhist with metallurgic substrate
Copper-and-Buddhist hill city 40 km SE Kabul (3 c. BCE–9 c. CE) — 400 Buddha statues and 100 ha monasteries atop world's copper shafts.
🇸🇾 Syria · Temple complex
Early Bronze Age (3000-2300 BCE) · Early Dynastic
Tell Beydar Temple A Annex Courtyard — Western Terrace in Al-Hasakah, Tell Beydar, Syria is a Early Bronze Age (3000-2300 BCE) temple complex attributed to Early Dynastic.
🇱🇰 Sri Lanka · Temple complex
Kiri Vehera is an ancient stupa situated in Monaragala, Kataragama, Sri Lanka. This stupa probably dates back to the 3rd century BC and is believed to have been built by King Mahanaga brother of king…
🇮🇩 Indonesia · Temple complex
Classical Antiquity (600 BCE–200 CE) or regional · Classical
Borobudur Hidden Foot Relief North Panel 12 in Central Java, Borobudur, Indonesia is a Classical Antiquity (600 BCE–200 CE) or regional temple complex attributed to Classical.
🇲🇹 Malta · Temple complex
Late Neolithic Temple Period (3600-2500 BCE) · Temple Period
Tarxien Central Temple Outlier Court — Southern Extension in Malta, Tarxien, Malta is a Late Neolithic Temple Period (3600-2500 BCE) temple complex attributed to Temple Period.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Ancient city
Ptolemaic to Roman (3rd c BCE–3rd c CE) · Ptolemaic / Roman Egyptian
Lake Qarun crocodile temple town Dime es-Sobai with 320-m lion dromos to harbour.
🇸🇾 Syria · Temple complex
Late Chalcolithic (4000-3200 BCE) · Uruk Period
Tell Brak Eye Temple Outlier Sector — Eastern Outlier in Al-Hasakah, Tell Brak, Syria is a Late Chalcolithic (4000-3200 BCE) temple complex attributed to Uruk Period.
🇸🇾 Syria · Temple complex
Late Chalcolithic (4000-3200 BCE) · Uruk Period
Tell Brak Eye Temple Outlier Sector — Southern Extension in Al-Hasakah, Tell Brak, Syria is a Late Chalcolithic (4000-3200 BCE) temple complex attributed to Uruk Period.
🇮🇷 Iran · Temple complex
Late Bronze Age (1500-1100 BCE) · Elamite
Chogha Zanbil Ziggurat Outer Court Annex — Northern Annex in Khuzestan, Haft Tappeh, Iran is a Late Bronze Age (1500-1100 BCE) temple complex attributed to Elamite.
🇸🇩 Sudan · Temple complex
New Kingdom-Napatan (1500-500 BCE) · Napatan
Gebel Barkal Temple B500 Terrace Annex — Northern Annex in Northern State, Karima, Sudan is a New Kingdom-Napatan (1500-500 BCE) temple complex attributed to Napatan.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Temple complex
Hellenistic · Hekatomnid Carian, Hellenistic
Lake Bafa gneiss city with 6.5-km Hellenistic walls and 3rd BCE Athena temple above Endymion grotto.
🇨🇳 China · Rock-cut
Northern Dynasties to Tang · Northern Qi–Tang northern Shanxi Buddhist
Taiyuan Heavenly Dragon western 8-cave extension 560–750 with 1924 removal and scaffolding holes.
🇮🇳 India · Temple complex
Classical Antiquity (600 BCE–200 CE) or regional · Classical
Khajuraho Lakshmana Temple West Shrine in Madhya Pradesh, Khajuraho, India is a Classical Antiquity (600 BCE–200 CE) or regional temple complex attributed to Classical.
🇲🇹 Malta · Temple complex
Late Neolithic Temple Period (3600-2500 BCE) · Temple Period
Mnajdra South Temple Terrace Annex — Southern Extension in Malta, Qrendi, Malta is a Late Neolithic Temple Period (3600-2500 BCE) temple complex attributed to Temple Period.
🇮🇹 Italy · Temple complex
Late Neolithic (4000-3200 BCE) · Ozieri Culture
Monte d'Accoddi Platform North Rite Annex — Northern Annex in Sardinia, Sassari, Italy is a Late Neolithic (4000-3200 BCE) temple complex attributed to Ozieri Culture.
🇬🇷 Greece · Temple complex
Classical Antiquity (600 BCE–200 CE) or regional · Classical Greek/Roman
Temple of Hephaestus East Pediment Foundation in Attica, Agora, Greece is a Classical Antiquity (600 BCE–200 CE) or regional temple complex attributed to Classical Greek/Roman.
🇬🇷 Greece · Temple complex
Classical Antiquity (600 BCE–200 CE) or regional · Classical Greek/Roman
Erechtheion North Porch Caryatid Base 3 in Attica, Acropolis, Greece is a Classical Antiquity (600 BCE–200 CE) or regional temple complex attributed to Classical Greek/Roman.
