🇵🇪 Peru · Ancient city
Viracochapampa
Middle Horizon (c.600–800 CE) · Wari (Huari)
Viracochapampa (Quechua Wiraqucha god + pampa plain) is a vast unfinished Wari grid-city 3.5 km north of Huamachuco in the La Libertad highlands at 3,070 m.
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938 places in the atlas, 25 of them inscribed as UNESCO World Heritage.
🇵🇪 Peru · Ancient city
Middle Horizon (c.600–800 CE) · Wari (Huari)
Viracochapampa (Quechua Wiraqucha god + pampa plain) is a vast unfinished Wari grid-city 3.5 km north of Huamachuco in the La Libertad highlands at 3,070 m.
Late Archaic 3550–2500 BCE · Norte Chico (Caral)
Caral network city 54 ha 3550–2500 BCE, 10 plazas.
🇵🇪 Peru · Fortress
Early Intermediate – Middle Horizon (c.200 BCE–800 CE) Recuay – Wari · Recuay (Pashash) – Wari
Pashash crowns a defensible mesa above Cabana in the northern Callejón, Ancash, at 3,225 m. As the,type-capital of the Recuay-Pashash culture (200 BCE–800 CE), its stone palace-fortress encloses…
🇵🇪 Peru · Ancient city
Bronze Age to Classical (3000 BCE–500 CE) · Bronze Age urban; Inca
Intipunku Sun Gate — North Approach (Machu Picchu) in Cusco, Machu Picchu, Intipunku, Peru is a Bronze Age to Classical (3000 BCE–500 CE) ancient city attr…
🇵🇪 Peru · Ancient city
Classical Antiquity (800 BCE–500 CE) · Classical
Oven Cluster West in Coastal Peru, Peru is a Classical Antiquity (800 BCE–500 CE) ancient city attributed to Classical culture.
🇵🇪 Peru · Ancient city
Late Archaic 3000–2500 BCE · Norte Chico (Caral maritime)
Coastal port six pyramids, fish-for-cotton, 3000–2500 BCE.
🇵🇪 Peru · Ancient city
Inca Imperial (1420–1536 CE; Tupac Inca Yupanqui) · Inca (Topa Inca)
Choquequirao explored by Bingham 1909 and García 1993–, llama terraces unique, Apurímac canyon 1500 m drop.
🇵🇪 Peru · Ancient city
Chachapoya 800–1532 CE · Chachapoya
Chachapoya cloud-forest citadel slate-mosaic friezes, UNESCO 548.
🇵🇪 Peru · Megalith
Chimú – Late Intermediate 1200–1532 CE · Chimú → Inca
Chimú hill-fort four walls, Inca tambo after 1470.
🇵🇪 Peru · Ancient city
Chimu (900-1470 CE) · Chimu
Chan Chan Citadel Uhle in La Libertad, Peru is a Chimu (900-1470 CE) ancient-city.
🇵🇪 Peru · Ancient city
Bronze Age (3000–1200 BCE) · Bronze Age
Marcahuamachuco Castillo North Wall in La Libertad, Marcahuamachuco, Peru is a Bronze Age (3000–1200 BCE) ancient city attributed to Bronze Age.
🇵🇪 Peru · Ancient city
Bronze Age (3000–1200 BCE) · Bronze Age
Chan Chan Walled Compound Uhle in La Libertad, Chan Chan, Peru is a Bronze Age (3000–1200 BCE) ancient city attributed to Bronze Age.
🇵🇪 Peru · Ancient city
Bronze Age (3000–1200 BCE) · Bronze Age
Chavín de Huantar Lanzón Gallery in Ancash, Chavín, Peru is a Bronze Age (3000–1200 BCE) ancient city attributed to Bronze Age.
🇵🇪 Peru · Ancient city
Bronze Age (3000–1200 BCE) · Bronze Age
Sechin Bajo Plaza Circular in Ancash, Sechín Bajo, Peru is a Bronze Age (3000–1200 BCE) ancient city attributed to Bronze Age.
🇵🇪 Peru · Ancient city
Middle Horizon transition (Moche V – Wari 500–850 CE) · Moche V → Wari (Huari) intrusion
Eclipsed late Moche administrative city (500–850 CE) 12 km inland from Huacas de Moche (Huaca del Sol/Luna), occupying terraced hill with 3 civic–ceremonial mounds 10–15 m high (Plataforma Principal,…
🇵🇪 Peru · Temple complex
Late Intermediate – Late Horizon (1200–1533, imperial 1440–1532) · Inca (Manco Capac to Atahualpa)
Supreme Inca sanctuary (c.1200–1533, imperial rebuild Pachacuti c.1440) at heart of Cusco's sacred geography: trapezoidal-walled temenos enclosing Sun Temple curved ashlar wall (6 m high, 55 m long,…
🇵🇪 Peru · Ancient city
Early Intermediate Moche 100–700 CE (Sipán tombs 100–300 CE Early Moche, late tombs to 700) · Moche (Mochica, north coast of Peru)
Moche necropolis-platform complex (100–700 CE) with two adobe pyramids (Huaca Rajada 10 m and Huaca de la Raya) covering 10 elite tombs – crowning discovery of 1987 Lord of Sipán (Señor de Sipán,…
🇵🇪 Peru · Ancient city
Bronze Age to Classical (3000 BCE–500 CE) · Bronze Age urban; Inca
Huayna Picchu — North Terrace Ancillary (Cusco, Peru) in Cusco, Huayna Picchu, Peru is a Bronze Age to Classical (3000 BCE–500 CE) ancient city attributed …
🇵🇪 Peru · Ancient city
Late Intermediate Period 1000–1470 CE, Chachapoya culture before Inca conquest · Chachapoyas (Sachapuyos)
UNESCO tentative Chachapoyas 13-site serial nomination component 02 Ollape: hilltop citadel 5 ha at La Jalca with 100+ circular houses (diameter 4–7 m) with friezes of rhombic and zigzag stone inlay,…
🇵🇪 Peru · Ancient city
Early Intermediate (400 BCE–600 CE) · Recuay (Pashash)
Pashash — Recuay Capital in Ancash Region, Peru is a Early Intermediate (400 BCE–600 CE) ancient-city attributed to Recuay (Pashash).
🇵🇪 Peru · Ancient city
Wari → Inca → Neo-Inca 1200–1572 CE · Neo-Inca (Manco Inca)
Last Neo-Inca capital 1536–1572, 12 ha jungle city.
🇵🇪 Peru · Ancient city
Chimú · Chimú (Chanchan)
Largest adobe city in world: capital of Chimú Kingdom (850–1470) covering 20 km² with 10 walled citadels (ciudadelas) with friezes of pelicans and lattice, reservoirs, adobe walls.
🇵🇪 Peru · Ancient city
Middle Horizon (c.600–800 CE) Wari Empire · Wari (Huari)
Conchopata, 9 km northeast of Ayacucho city at 2,800 m, is the celebrated Wari satellite city where William Isbell and Anita Cook uncovered the empire's face-neck jar cult.
🇵🇪 Peru · Ancient city
Late Intermediate – Late Horizon (c.900–1532 CE) Ychsma – Inca · Ychsma – Inca (Ichma)
Huaycán de Pariachi dominates an alluvial wedge above the lower Rímac at Ate, east Lima. As the largest Ychsma center on the central coast before Pachacamac's Inca remodelling, its monumental core…
