🇵🇪 Peru · Hydraulic works
Puquios de la Achirana
Late Horizon Inca Imperial 1450 CE · Inca (Quechua) imperial engineers
12 Inca puquios gallery aqueducts (17 km, 1450 CE) of the Achirana canal, Inca ashlar aqueduct feeding Ica Valley.
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264 places in the atlas, 17 of them inscribed as UNESCO World Heritage.
🇵🇪 Peru · Hydraulic works
Late Horizon Inca Imperial 1450 CE · Inca (Quechua) imperial engineers
12 Inca puquios gallery aqueducts (17 km, 1450 CE) of the Achirana canal, Inca ashlar aqueduct feeding Ica Valley.
🇵🇪 Peru · Ancient city
Early Intermediate – Late Horizon (c.200 BCE–1532 CE, Wari peak 600–1000 CE) · Wari – Qotakalli – Inca
Choqepukio occupies the flat valley floor at the Huacarpay lagunas gateway to the Cusco Basin, 21 km southeast of Cusco.
🇵🇪 Peru · Ancient city
Late Horizon (c.1430–1532 CE) Inca · Inca
Inkilltambo is a large Inca terrace-estate 2 km east of central Cusco on the Watanay's right bank at 3,520 m.
🇵🇪 Peru · Hydraulic works
Paracas to Early Nazca ~300 BCE–600 CE · Nazca (and earlier Paracas)
Nazca spiral puquio filtration galleries - 600 m underground still watering desert after 1,400 years.
🇵🇪 Peru · Hydraulic works
Inca Empire with antecedents Wari/Tiwanaku (~1000–1532 CE; Inca 1438–1532 CE) · Inca (with pre-Inca antecedents)
The backbone of Tawantinsuyu, Qhapaq Ñan runs 6,000 km along the Andean crest from Colombia to Chile, with east–west transversal roads totalling over 23,000 km.
🇵🇪 Peru · Temple complex
Late Horizon Inca Imperial 1440–1536 CE · Inca
Qhapaq Ñan tambo with 28-niche polygonal usnu platform of perfectly fitted octagonal andesite.
🇵🇪 Peru · Hydraulic works
Late Horizon, Inca (~1300–1530 CE) · Inca
Three colossal natural depressions on the Maras plateau were amplified by Incas into concentric circular andenes up to 150 m across and 30 m deep, each terrace a microclimate ring with temperature…
🇵🇪 Peru · Hydraulic works
Wari to Late Horizon ~1200–1572 CE · Wari then Inca
Inca 12-terrace walled garden where spring water sings through 600-year-old stone drains.
🇵🇪 Peru · Hydraulic works
Nasca culture, Early Intermediate (~500 BCE – 600 CE; puquios ~300–600 CE) · Nasca (Nazca)
Unique Andean hydraulic analog to Persian qanats: 36 puquios, each a stone-lined infiltration gallery tapping sub-river gravel aquifers, ventilated by corkscrew stone spirals descending to the…
🇵🇪 Peru · Hydraulic works
Middle Horizon to Inca ~800–1532 CE · Collagua and Cabana then Inca
Collagua 1,000 km of canyon-edge andenería integrating amunas and qochas still irrigated.
🇵🇪 Peru · Archaeological wonder
Wari → Inca 1100–1480 CE · Wari → Inca
13 terraces 13 fountains laminar flow, Inca estate.