Cularo — Wikipedia

Cularo was the name of the Gallic city which evolved into modern Grenoble. It was renamed Gratianopolis in 381 to honor Roman emperor Gratian. The earliest remaining reference to what is now Grenoble dates back to a July 43 BC letter written by Munatius Plancus to Cicero. The small town founded by the Allobroges Gallic people was at that time called Cularo. In 292, the western emperor Maximian elevated the town to the rank of Civitas, "city", and ordered the construction of defensive walls which both protected the urban area and marked its higher status. Their vestiges are now a landmark...