Alexandria Submerged — Pharos Debris Field and Royal Quarters

Why it mattersKey Ptolemaic Alexandria (Lochias, Antirhodos) with Pharos lighthouse debris 500 blocks submerged-city with stratified sequence and regional typology.

Theories are interpretations, not findings. The seal above tells you how much scholarly weight the place carries.

Built

297 BCE Pharos Sostratus; 323 BCE Antirhodos palace island; 1303 earthquake collapsed subsidence 8 m

Period

Ptolemaic (297–246 BCE Pharos 137 m; Royal Quarters Ptolemy I 323 BCE Antirhodos islet 300 × 70 m) + 1303/365 earthquake subsidence 8th c.

Culture

Ptolemaic Alexandria (Lochias, Antirhodos) with Pharos lighthouse debris 500 blocks

Purpose

Ptolemaic Royal Quarters and Pharos debris field — 5000 Pharos blocks (120 t granite, 60 statues) off Qaitbay and Antirhodos palace 300 × 70 m Timonium Caesar with foundations

Rediscovered

Modern excavation 1879

Excavation

Excavated

1. 297 BCE Pharos Sostratus; 323 BCE Antirhodos palace island; 1303 earthquake collapsed subsidence 8 m

   Initial construction / first occupation at Alexandria Submerged — Pharos Debris Field and Royal Quarters

2. c. 800 CE major extension

   Major expansion / refurbishment at Alexandria Submerged — Pharos Debris Field and Royal Quarters

• Alexandria Submerged — Pharos Debris Field and Royal Quarters — Principal Harbour

  harbour

  harbour at Alexandria Submerged — Pharos Debris Field and Royal Quarters — primary structure

  31.2130° N · 29.8857° E

• Alexandria Submerged — Pharos Debris Field and Royal Quarters — Northern Wall

  wall

  wall at Alexandria Submerged — Pharos Debris Field and Royal Quarters — subsidiary complex

  31.2146° N · 29.8834° E

• Alexandria Submerged — Pharos Debris Field and Royal Quarters — Temple Annex 3

  temple

  temple at Alexandria Submerged — Pharos Debris Field and Royal Quarters — subsidiary complex

  31.2139° N · 29.8833° E