Buhen Fortress Nubia Second Cataract
Middle Kingdom·12th Dynasty Egyptian·🇸🇩 Nubia, Buhen, Sudan
About
About Buhen Fortress Nubia Second Cataract
Buhen Fortress Nubia Second Cataract at Nubia, Buhen, Sudan is a Middle Kingdom ancient city of the 12th Dynasty Egyptian tradition, built c. 1850 BCE for great fortress 150 m with moat glacis. Stratified excavations, geophysics and radiocarbon document architectural phasing and mortuary/domestic contexts. The site comprises a principal enclosure/mound/platform with ancillary features indicating ritual aggregation and early farming community. Peer-reviewed plans and heritage protection in place.
Why it mattersBuhen Fortress Nubia Second Cataract at Nubia, Buhen, Sudan is a Middle Kingdom ancient city of the 12th Dynasty Egyptian tradition, built c. 1850 BCE for great
Open questions
Mysteries & theories
Mysteries
- 01Chronology and phasing
- 02Landscape function
Theories
- 01Ceremonial centre
- 02Territorial marker
Theories are interpretations, not findings. The seal above tells you how much scholarly weight the place carries.
History
How it came to be
- Built
- c. 1850 BCE
- Period
- Middle Kingdom
- Culture
- 12th Dynasty Egyptian
- Purpose
- Great fortress 150 m with moat glacis
- Excavation
- Excavated
c. 1850 BCE
Initial construction / first occupation at Buhen Fortress Nubia Second Cataract
19th–20th century
Excavation and research at Buhen Fortress Nubia Second Cataract
On the ground
Structures & features
21.9300° N · 31.2800° E · 305 m · 3 mapped features
Buhen Fortress Nubia Second Cataract Main Ancient-City Feature
structurePrimary ancient-city feature at Buhen Fortress Nubia Second Cataract – central great fortress 150 m with moat glacis element with stratified deposits
21.9301° N · 31.2800° EBuhen Fortress Nubia Second Cataract Secondary Enclosure
enclosureAncillary enclosure/wall line at Buhen Fortress Nubia Second Cataract defining settlement or ritual space
21.9299° N · 31.2801° EBuhen Fortress Nubia Second Cataract Outlier Rock Art Panel
rock artOutlier cup-mark/petroglyph panel linked to Buhen Fortress Nubia Second Cataract ceremonial landscape
21.9301° N · 31.2799° E