Horom Citadel
Late Bronze to medieval (c.1600 BCE – 1200 CE)·Trialeti–Van kingdom → Armenian medieval·🇦🇲 Shirak Province, Northwestern Armenia, Armenia
About
About Horom Citadel
65-ha hillfort on Gyumri–Yerevan highway with 13-m Cyclopean walls, Late Bronze chamber-tombs, Early Iron “Horom pottery” type site, Urartian re-occupation and Armenian 10th-century basilica. Badalyan excavations mapped citadel with catchment dam. Horom Citadel — Dark Age Highland Citadel of Armenia context and stratigraphy linking to regional chronology.
Why it mattersHorom Citadel — Dark Age Highland Citadel of Armenia
Open questions
Mysteries & theories
Mysteries
- 01Stratigraphic relation to neighboring cultures?
Theories
- 01Regional trade node
Theories are interpretations, not findings. The seal above tells you how much scholarly weight the place carries.
History
How it came to be
- Built
- Occupied Late Bronze to medieval (c.1600 BCE – 1200 CE)
- Period
- Late Bronze to medieval (c.1600 BCE – 1200 CE)
- Culture
- Trialeti–Van kingdom → Armenian medieval
- Builders
- Local communities
- Purpose
- Elite Early Iron highland stronghold on Shirak plain
- Abandoned
- post-period
- Rediscovered
- 19th-century surveys, modern excavations
- Excavation
- Partially excavated
Late Bronze to medieval
Elite Early Iron highland stronghold on Shirak plain
On the ground
Structures & features
40.6540° N · 43.8880° E · 450 m · 2 mapped features
Cyclopean Citadel Walls
wall13 m dry-stone Cyclopean rampart with north gate
40.6550° N · 43.8890° ELate Bronze Chamber Necropolis
necropolisSub-citadel chamber tombs with Horom pottery
40.6530° N · 43.8870° E