Heracleion East Annex — Thonis Suburb
Late Period to Ptolemaic (550–133 BCE)·Egyptian / Greek Canopic port·🇪🇬 Alexandria Governorate, Egypt
About
About Heracleion East Annex — Thonis Suburb
Heracleion East Annex — Thonis Suburb in Alexandria Governorate, Egypt is a Late Period to Ptolemaic (550–133 BCE) submerged-city attributed to Egyptian / Greek Canopic port. Eastern suburb of Heracleion–Thonis beyond central temple with merchant houses under 10 m silt. Goddio IEASM: Heracleion east 3 km Canopic mouth, Thonis stele twin.
Why it mattersKey submerged harbour illustrating Egyptian / Greek Canopic port maritime engineering
Open questions
Mysteries & theories
Mysteries
- 01Sea-level change marker
- 02Harbour engineering
Theories
- 01Canopic branch shifting
- 02Mediterranean port typology
Theories are interpretations, not findings. The seal above tells you how much scholarly weight the place carries.
History
How it came to be
- Built
- c. 550 BCE Saitic foundation
- Period
- Late Period to Ptolemaic (550–133 BCE)
- Culture
- Egyptian / Greek Canopic port
- Purpose
- Eastern suburb of Heracleion–Thonis beyond central temple with merchant houses under 10 m silt
- Excavation
- Submerged
c. 550 BCE Saitic foundation
Initial construction
c. 1500 CE
Submergence by sea-level rise
c. 1995 CE
Underwater survey
On the ground
Structures & features
31.3000° N · 30.1000° E · -10 m · 3 mapped features
Heracleion East Annex — Thonis Suburb — Breakwater / Mole
moleHarbour mole or breakwater structure
31.3001° N · 30.1001° EHeracleion East Annex — Thonis Suburb — Anchorage Basin
basinHarbour basin with mooring stones
31.2998° N · 30.1001° EHeracleion East Annex — Thonis Suburb — Storehouse / Quay
quayWarehouses or quay wall
31.3004° N · 30.0998° E