Khendjer Pyramid — 13th Dynasty Small Brick Pyramid Saqqara South
13th Dynasty (c.1760 BCE Khendjer)·13th Dynasty late Middle Kingdom·🇪🇬 Memphis, Saqqara South, between Djedkare and Pepi II, south Saqqara, Egypt
About
About Khendjer Pyramid — 13th Dynasty Small Brick Pyramid Saqqara South
Khendjer excavated by Jequier 1929, twin quartzite-roofed vault, fragment 'kanopen?' Recorded context — Period: 13th Dynasty (c.1760 BCE Khendjer); Culture: 13th Dynasty late Middle Kingdom; Field status: excavated; Materials: mudbrick, limestone casing, basalt sarcophagi, quartzite portcullis; Condition: ruined brick core — vault exposed.
Why it mattersKey 13th Dynasty late Middle Kingdom pyramid with stratified sequence and regional typology.
Open questions
Mysteries & theories
Mysteries
- 01Construction labor organization
- 02Collapse cause
Theories
- 01Observatory
- 02Elite residence
Theories are interpretations, not findings. The seal above tells you how much scholarly weight the place carries.
History
How it came to be
- Built
- c. 1760 BCE
- Period
- 13th Dynasty (c.1760 BCE Khendjer)
- Culture
- 13th Dynasty late Middle Kingdom
- Purpose
- Completed small brick pyramid (52.5 m base, 37.35 m high) with dual basalt sarcophagi (60 t lids) — first known 13th-Dynasty complete pyramid
- Rediscovered
- Modern excavation 1944
- Excavation
- Excavated
c. 1760 BCE
Initial construction / first occupation at Khendjer Pyramid — 13th Dynasty Small Brick Pyramid Saqqara South
1920 excavation
Modern rediscovery and scientific excavation of Khendjer Pyramid — 13th Dynasty Small Brick Pyramid Saqqara South
c. 1200 BCE major extension
Major expansion / refurbishment at Khendjer Pyramid — 13th Dynasty Small Brick Pyramid Saqqara South
On the ground
Structures & features
29.8400° N · 31.2230° E · 45 m · 3 mapped features
- Khendjer Pyramid — 13th Dynasty Small Brick Pyramid Saqqara South — Principal Pyramidpyramidpyramid at Khendjer Pyramid — 13th Dynasty Small Brick Pyramid Saqqara South — subsidiary complex29.8392° N · 31.2212° E
- Khendjer Pyramid — 13th Dynasty Small Brick Pyramid Saqqara South — Chamber Annex 2chamberchamber at Khendjer Pyramid — 13th Dynasty Small Brick Pyramid Saqqara South — hydraulic feature29.8401° N · 31.2230° E
- Khendjer Pyramid — 13th Dynasty Small Brick Pyramid Saqqara South — Causeway Annex 3causewaycauseway at Khendjer Pyramid — 13th Dynasty Small Brick Pyramid Saqqara South — outlier feature29.8397° N · 31.2243° E