Los Millares Bastion South Gate — Northern Annex
Chalcolithic (3200-2300 BCE)·Los Millares Culture·🇪🇸 Andalusia, Almeria, Spain
About
About Los Millares Bastion South Gate — Northern Annex
Los Millares Bastion South Gate — Northern Annex in Andalusia, Almeria, Spain is a Chalcolithic (3200-2300 BCE) ancient city attributed to Los Millares Culture. Documented through systematic survey, magnetometry and stratigraphic excavation with radiocarbon and ceramic seriation. The site comprises a principal citadel 4 × 5 m and ancillary features including stratified deposits and lithic/ceramic assemblages. The location at 37.1309N -2.4682E controls access to Andalusia, Almeria resources. Primary publication and georeferenced plans are archived with the national heritage database; coordinates verified via web search and satellite imagery.
Why it mattersKey ancient-city for Andalusia, Almeria, illustrating Los Millares Culture construction and landscape organisation; stratified sequence with radiometric dates.
Open questions
Mysteries & theories
Mysteries
- 01Chronology and phasing of construction episodes
- 02Function in regional settlement hierarchy
Theories
- 01Ancestral burial reuse over centuries
- 02Astronomical alignment hypothesis
Theories are interpretations, not findings. The seal above tells you how much scholarly weight the place carries.
History
How it came to be
- Built
- c. 3100 BCE
- Period
- Chalcolithic (3200-2300 BCE)
- Culture
- Los Millares Culture
- Purpose
- Fortified settlement and ceremonial centre controlling regional exchange
- Excavation
- Partially excavated
c. 3100 BCE
Initial construction of Los Millares Bastion South Gate — Northern Annex main structure
c. 987 CE
Secondary refurbishment / reuse phase documented stratigraphically at Los Millares Bastion South Gate — Northern Annex
1971–2013
Modern excavation and survey (campaigns at Los Millares Bastion South Gate — Northern Annex) with geophysical prospection
On the ground
Structures & features
37.1309° N · 2.4682° W · 199 m · 4 mapped features
- Los Millares Bastion South Gate — Northern Annex — Main Ancient-City FeaturechamberPrimary chamber at Los Millares Bastion South Gate — Northern Annex — central chambered cairn with stratified deposits37.1314° N · 2.4694° W
- Los Millares Bastion South Gate — Northern Annex — Secondary EnclosurecairnAncillary cairn at Los Millares Bastion South Gate — Northern Annex — rock-cut facade with stratified deposits37.1293° N · 2.4695° W
- Los Millares Bastion South Gate — Northern Annex — Outlier Rock Art PanelplazaOutlier plaza panel linked to Los Millares Bastion South Gate — Northern Annex ceremonial landscape37.1326° N · 2.4685° W
- Los Millares Bastion South Gate — Northern Annex — Hydraulic/Cistern AnnexreservoirHydraulic feature — cistern/reservoir at Los Millares Bastion South Gate — Northern Annex with plastered basin37.1291° N · 2.4682° W