Nitra
Nitriansky hrad — Martins Hill · Nitra Castle and Martin's Hill · Nitriansky hrad · Principality of Nitra
Early Medieval Slavic 770–907 (Pribina 828 → Svatopluk 870–894)·Slavic Principality of Nitra (Pribina) → Great Moravia (Svatopluk)·🇸🇰 Nitriansky Region, Nitra District, Nitra city on Nitra River below Zobor Hill (Martins Hill 220 m promontory at Tribeč foothills), Slovakia
Wikipedia contributors · CC (see file page)
About
About Nitra
Nitra (Nitra Castle and Martin's Hill — Martins Hill 220 m) — Slavic princely seat of Principality of Nitra (late 8th–9th c Pribina c.828 church — first Christian church north of Danube) and Great Moravian province capital under Svatopluk I (870–894). Hillfort on Martins Hill 220 m above Nitra River at Zobor foot, with St. Emmeram Cathedral romanesque, 2 ha upper castle, lower bailey 5 ha, excavated Cheben & Fusek: timber-earth rampart 10 m wide, 9th c church foundations, Carolingian–Frankish imports, ploughshare hoards, jewellery. Seat of Pribina (expelled 833 by Mojmir I), then Svatopluk appanage before Great Moravian throne. Nitra Codex. Tribeč–Zobor corridor to Morava.
Why it mattersPrincipality of Nitra 828 — first church north Danube and Svatopluk's Great Moravian capital
Open questions
Mysteries & theories
Mysteries
- 01828 church exact footprint under cathedral?
Theories
- 01Nitra as Great Moravian second capital
Theories are interpretations, not findings. The seal above tells you how much scholarly weight the place carries.
History
How it came to be
- Built
- c.770–790 Slavic hillfort; 828 Pribina church; 870–894 Great Moravian capital phase
- Period
- Early Medieval Slavic 770–907 (Pribina 828 → Svatopluk 870–894)
- Culture
- Slavic Principality of Nitra (Pribina) → Great Moravia (Svatopluk)
- Builders
- Pribina and Svatopluk Slavic princes (Frankish mission builders)
- Purpose
- Tribeč–Zobor hillfort princely seat — first Christian centre north Danube 828 and Great Moravian province capital
- Abandoned
- 907 Great Moravia fall; retained as Hungarian Nitriansky hrad
- Rediscovered
- 11th c records; excavated I. Cheben 9th c church 828
- Excavation
- Excavated
828 CE
Pribina builds first church north Danube at Nitra
833 CE
Mojmir I expels Pribina, annexes Nitra to Great Moravia
870–894 CE
Svatopluk rules Nitra appanage then Great Moravia
On the ground
Structures & features
48.3180° N · 18.0850° E · 150 m · 3 mapped features
- St. Emmeram Cathedral HillcathedralRomanesque St. Emmeram on Martins Hill 220 m above Nitra River, Pribina 828 layer48.3185° N · 18.0875° E
- Martins Hill Rampart 10 mrampartTimber-earth rampart 10 m wide 5 m high enclosing 7 ha upper+bailey48.3175° N · 18.0860° E
- Pribina 828 Church FoundationschurchFirst church north of Danube foundations under cathedral, Carolingian Frankish import48.3182° N · 18.0870° E
Gallery