Pergamon (Pergama)
Hellenistic to Roman·Attalid / Roman·🇹🇷 Izmir Province, Turkey
About
About Pergamon (Pergama)
Pergamon (Pergama) in Izmir Province, Turkey is a Hellenistic to Roman ancient city attributed to Attalid / Roman culture. Inscribed UNESCO World Heritage Site (ID 1457). Settlement complex with stratified occupation, demonstrating urban planning and craft production.
Why it mattersRepresentative Attalid / Roman site contributing to understanding of ancient-city distribution.
Open questions
Mysteries & theories
Mysteries
- 01Function and sequencing of Pergamon within regional landscape
- 02Chronometric precision and construction organization without modern tools
Theories
- 01Regional ceremonial centre for Attalid / Roman communities
- 02Territorial marker and ancestral burial focus
Theories are interpretations, not findings. The seal above tells you how much scholarly weight the place carries.
History
How it came to be
- Built
- c. 282 BCE–133 BCE kingdom; acropolis monumental 2nd c BCE
- Period
- Hellenistic to Roman
- Culture
- Attalid / Roman
- Purpose
- Hellenistic royal acropolis with 10,000-seat theatre on 80° slope, Great Altar (now Berlin), Asklepion healing centre
- Excavation
- Excavated
c. 282 BCE–133 BCE kingdom; acropolis monumental 2nd c BCE
Initial construction
c. 1347 CE
Rediscovery
On the ground
Structures & features
39.1330° N · 27.1830° E · 335 m · 1 mapped feature
Pergamon (Pergama) — Main Feature
structurePrimary structure / enclosure at Pergamon (Pergama)
39.1340° N · 27.1840° E
Gallery