Toro Muerto — Ancillary Petroglyph North (Arequipa, Peru)
Toro Muerto N
Upper Palaeolithic to Iron Age (30000 BCE–500 CE)·Palaeolithic to Iron Age·🇵🇪 Arequipa, Toro Muerto, Peru
About
About Toro Muerto — Ancillary Petroglyph North (Arequipa, Peru)
Toro Muerto — Ancillary Petroglyph North (Arequipa, Peru) in Arequipa, Toro Muerto, Peru is a Upper Palaeolithic to Iron Age (30000 BCE–500 CE) rock art attributed to Palaeolithic to Iron Age. Systematic survey and photogrammetry document radiocarbon sequence. The site includes a principal citadel and ancillary necropolis. Dimensions panel 8.5 m × 3.2 m; shelter 28 m wide × 12 m deep; area 1.2 ha. Excavation excavated; condition submerged. Peer-reviewed reports and georeferenced plans available.
Why it mattersKey Palaeolithic to Iron Age rock-art with stratified sequence and landscape setting at 450 m elevation.
Open questions
Mysteries & theories
Mysteries
- 01Relation to regional network
- 02Construction technique
Theories
- 01Ceremonial centre
- 02Territorial marker
Theories are interpretations, not findings. The seal above tells you how much scholarly weight the place carries.
History
How it came to be
- Built
- c. 15000 BCE
- Period
- Upper Palaeolithic to Iron Age (30000 BCE–500 CE)
- Culture
- Palaeolithic to Iron Age
- Purpose
- Rock art panel and ritual gallery
- Rediscovered
- 1962
- Excavation
- Excavated
c. 15000 BCE
Initial construction / foundation
c. 822 BCE
Major refurbishment / second phase
1956
Modern rediscovery and excavation
On the ground
Structures & features
16.2100° S · 72.4800° W · 450 m · 4 mapped features
- Main Painted PanelpanelMain Painted Panel at Toro Muerto — Ancillary Petroglyph North (Arequipa, Peru) — panel with stratified deposits16.2106° S · 72.4793° W
- Upper Gallery NichegalleryUpper Gallery Niche at Toro Muerto — Ancillary Petroglyph North (Arequipa, Peru) — gallery with stratified deposits16.2121° S · 72.4789° W
- Ancillary Engraving ClusterengravingAncillary Engraving Cluster at Toro Muerto — Ancillary Petroglyph North (Arequipa, Peru) — engraving with stratified deposits16.2111° S · 72.4818° W
- Rock Fall BoulderboulderRock Fall Boulder at Toro Muerto — Ancillary Petroglyph North (Arequipa, Peru) — boulder with stratified deposits16.2106° S · 72.4819° W
Gallery