🇹🇿 Tanzania · Ancient city
Gonja Maore Swahili Ruins — Tanga
Swahili (13th–16th c. CE) · Swahili (Shirazi)
Gonja Maore Swahili Ruins — Tanga in Tanga Region, Tanzania is a Swahili (13th–16th c. CE) ancient-city attributed to Swahili (Shirazi).
🇳🇬 Nigeria · Ancient city
Katsina City and Kusugu Well
Hausa Late Iron Age to Sultanate (c.1100 CE–present) · Hausa (Katsinawa)
Hausa walled city (14 km walls, 7 gates) with Gobarau Minaret and Kusugu well legend.
🇵🇰 Pakistan · Ancient city
Sahri Bahlol — Taxila Mound Annex at Loriyan
Kushan (100 CE) Gandhara · Gandhara Buddhist
Sahri Bahlol — Taxila Mound Annex at Loriyan in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan is a Kushan (100 CE) Gandhara ancient-city attributed to Gandhara Buddhist.
🇬🇭 Ghana · Ancient city
Bono Manso (Bono State Capital) – Northern Akan Metropolis
Late Iron Age / Akan · Akan-Bono
Crowned hilltop capital of Bono (Bono Manso) 13th–18th c, mother of Akan gold kingdoms (Mampong, Asante).
🇹🇷 Turkey · Ancient city
Phellos — Lycian Hill City Extension
Lycian (500 BCE–200 CE) · Lycian
Phellos — Lycian Hill City Extension in Antalya Province, Turkey is a Lycian (500 BCE–200 CE) ancient-city attributed to Lycian.
🇮🇷 Iran · Tell
Tepe Nush-i Jan
Median (c.750–550 BCE) · Median
Median period fire-temple complex (3 ha) on a low hill near Malayer, excavated by David Stronach. Median levels (c.750–5...
🇹🇷 Turkey · Ancient city
Arykanda Eastern Terrace — Arif Extension
Lycian–Roman (500 BCE–300 CE) · Lycian
Arykanda Eastern Terrace — Arif Extension in Antalya Province, Turkey is a Lycian–Roman (500 BCE–300 CE) ancient-city attributed to Lycian.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Ancient city
Epiphania — Cilician City (Oeniandos?)
Hellenistic–Roman (200 BCE–300 CE) · Seleucid
Epiphania — Cilician City (Oeniandos?) in Adana Province, Turkey is a Hellenistic–Roman (200 BCE–300 CE) ancient-city attributed to Seleucid.
🇰🇪 Kenya · Ancient city
Takwa Ruins — Manda Island
Swahili (1500–1680 CE) · Swahili (Bajuni)
Takwa Ruins — Manda Island in Lamu County, Kenya is a Swahili (1500–1680 CE) ancient-city attributed to Swahili (Bajuni).
🇹🇷 Turkey · Ancient city
Calynda — Karia-Lycia Border City
Classical (500 BCE) · Karian–Lycian border
Calynda — Karia-Lycia Border City in Muğla Province, Turkey is a Classical (500 BCE) ancient-city attributed to Karian–Lycian border.
🇸🇾 Syria · Tell
Hadidi (Tell Hadidi / Azu)
EB IV to Iron I (c.2400–1000 BCE) · Eblaite → Amorite → Mitanni → Hittite/Emar → Aramaean
Euphrates terrace tell now peninsula in Tabqa Lake, excavated by Rudolph Dornemann; Emar texts identify it as Azu on the...
🇩🇿 Algeria · Ancient city
Vescera (Biskra)
Roman to Byzantine (1st c. BCE–7th c. CE) · Roman (Numidia)
Limes military colony at Biskra oasis with camp and Triton mosaic.
🇹🇳 Tunisia · Ancient city
Limisa (Ksar Lemsa)
Roman to Hafsid (2nd c. BCE–15th c. CE) · Numidian / Roman / Byzantine / Islamic
Hilltop municipium with amphitheatre reused as Borj fortress.
🇮🇱 Israel · Tell
Tel Gerisa — Yarkon Gardens
Middle Bronze Age to Iron Age (2000–600 BCE) · Canaanite / Philistine
Tel Gerisa — Yarkon Gardens in Yarkon, Israel is a Middle Bronze Age to Iron Age (2000–600 BCE) tell attributed to Canaanite / Philistine.
🇲🇱 Mali · Ancient city
Djenné-Djeno (Mopti Region)
Djenné-Djeno culture · Djenné-Djeno (Niger Inland Delta)
Djenné-Djeno in Mopti Region, Mali is a Djenné-Djeno culture ancient city attributed to Djenné-Djeno (Niger Inland Delta) culture. Inscribed UNESCO World Heritage Site (ID 116).
🇸🇾 Syria · Tell
Tell Tuqan
EB IV to MB II (c.2500–1700 BCE) · Eblaite → Amorite → Old Babylonian
28 ha Ebla-period town on the Matakh plain south of Aleppo, Italian excavations by Francesca Baffi. EB IV–MB II (c.2500–...
🇮🇱 Israel · Tell
Tel Hefer — Sharon Inland
Middle Bronze Age to Iron Age (2000–600 BCE) · Canaanite / Israelite
Tel Hefer — Sharon Inland in Sharon Plain, Israel is a Middle Bronze Age to Iron Age (2000–600 BCE) tell attributed to Canaanite / Israelite.
🇮🇱 Israel · Ancient city
Manot Cave
Middle to Upper Palaeolithic (c.55000–16000 BCE) · Late Mousterian → Aurignacian → Kebaran/Geometric Kebaran
Active Levantine cave site (55 ka–16 ka) in the Galilee karst, excavated by Ofer Marder and Omry Barzilai. Mousterian th...
🇹🇷 Turkey · Ancient city
Idebessos — Lycian Tower City
Lycian Classical (500 BCE–300 BCE) · Lycian
Idebessos — Lycian Tower City in Antalya Province, Turkey is a Lycian Classical (500 BCE–300 BCE) ancient-city attributed to Lycian.
🇰🇪 Kenya · Ancient city
Shaka — Formosa Bay Swahili Ruins
Swahili (14th–17th c. CE) · Swahili (Witu)
Shaka — Formosa Bay Swahili Ruins in Kilifi County, Kenya is a Swahili (14th–17th c. CE) ancient-city attributed to Swahili (Witu).
🇩🇿 Algeria · Ancient city
Caesarea Mauretaniae (Cherchell)
Phoenician / Numidian / Roman · Mauretanian / Roman
Splendid royal capital of Juba II and Cleopatra Selene (25 BCE) then capital of Mauretania Caesariensis, with harbour, great theatre, amphitheatre and museums of Greek copies.
🇰🇪 Kenya · Ancient city
Gede Primary Outer Wall — South Enclosure
Swahili (12th–17th c) · Swahili
Gede Primary Outer Wall — South Enclosure in Kilifi County, Kenya is a Swahili (12th–17th c) ancient-city attributed to Swahili. Outer walled town extension 2 ha south of Gede main mosque with tombs.
🇮🇹 Italy · Buried city
Herculaneum
Roman · Roman
Roman seaside town buried under 20 m pyroclastic flow from Vesuvius 79 CE, preserving wooden furniture, upper storeys, frescoes and unique carbonized papyri scrolls (Villa of the Papyri, now being…
🇹🇷 Turkey · Ancient city
Ephesus (Efes)
Ionian to Byzantine · Ionian Greek / Roman
Ephesus (Efes) in Izmir Province, Turkey is a Ionian to Byzantine ancient city attributed to Ionian Greek / Roman culture. Inscribed UNESCO World Heritage Site (ID 1018).