🇸🇩 Sudan · Ancient city
Buhen Fortress
Middle Kingdom to New Kingdom (1950–1070 BCE; fort peak 1860 BCE) · Ancient Egyptian occupier of Nubia (Wawat)
Second Cataract fortress Buhen — Sesostris III's 5-m bastioned walls now 40 m under Nasser.
🇪🇨 Ecuador · Pyramid
Cochasquí South Platform
Late Intermediate – Late Horizon (c.1250–1534 CE) Cara – Quitu – Inca · Cara–Quitu (Cochasquí–Cayambe)
The Cochasquí South Platform (Pyramid 13 South) is the southernmost of the famed 15 Cochasquí ramp-pyramids on the Mojanda volcano plateau above Tocachi, Pichincha, at 3,100 m on the Inca takeover…
🇺🇦 Ukraine · Submerged site
Nymphaion — Ak-Burun Southern Harbour at Geroevka (Bosporus)
Archaic to Late Antique (late 6th c. BCE – 250 CE) · Mytilenian / Bosporan Greek
Southern bay harbour of Nymphaion 1–2 m submerged off Geroevka — 90 m ashlar quay and wine-press quarter.
🇺🇦 Ukraine · Submerged site
Nymphaion — Ak-Burun Southern Harbour at Geroevka (Bosporus) — v2
Archaic to Late Antique (late 6th c. BCE – 250 CE) · Mytilenian / Bosporan Greek
Southern bay harbour of Nymphaion 1–2 m submerged off Geroevka — 90 m ashlar quay and wine-press quarter.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Submerged site
Pelusium (Tell el-Farama) – Western Harbour of the Pelusiac Nile
Saite to Byzantine (c. 664 BCE – 640 CE) · Saite Egyptian / Persian / Hellenistic / Roman / Byzantine
Western Pelusiac Nile harbour – quay blocks and harbour mud at 1–2 m on Farama west plain guarding Egypt's Sinai gate.
🇩🇰 Denmark · Ancient city
Tissø
Migration → Viking Age 550–1100 (Zealand central place Tyr's Lake 600–700) · Zealand Viking Age (Tyr's Lake Tyr sanctuary) — Zealand central place (Fugledegård)
Tissø (Lake Tissø–Fugledegård) — Zealand Viking Age lake central-place (c.550–1100, hall 550–700 peak) on western Zealand lake Tissø island and Fugledegård shore peninsula 12 km southeast Kalundborg.
🇬🇹 Guatemala · Ancient city
Topoxte
Late Postclassic – Contact (c.1200–1530 CE) Kowoj Maya · Maya (Kowoj – Late Postclassic Petén)
Topoxte crowns the largest island (450m) in Lake Yaxha, Petén, at 180 m. After surrounding Classic cities fell, Postclassic Kowoj Maya refortified the island c.1200 CE with a rubble rampart (400m)…
🇪🇨 Ecuador · Ancient village
Upano — Kilimope Southern Platform at Sangay Valley South (Upano South)
Formative to Regional Development (500 BCE – 600 CE) · Upano (Kilamope–Sangay) / Huapula
Southern platform village of Upano at Sangay South — 8 platforms 40×25 m and 600 m causeway.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Temple complex
Alinda Temple of Apollo — Karpuzlu Hilltop Agora
Hekatomnid to Hellenistic · Hekatomnid Carian, Hellenistic
Karpuzlu 350-m hilltop with 2-column Apollo prostylos and 3-km Hekatomnid walls, Queen Ada's refuge 340 BCE.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Ancient city
Antinopolis (Antinoë)
Roman to Early Islamic (130–800 CE) · Roman / Greek / Egyptian
130 CE Hadrian-planned city for Antinous with 300-m hippodrome, triumphal arch and North Cemetery mummy portraits.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Ancient city
Elephantine Island
Predynastic to Medieval (3500 BCE–10th c CE; peak Old Kingdom and Persian-Jewish) · Ancient Egyptian / Jewish-Aramaic / Nubian
1.8-km cataract island with Khnum temples, nilometer 90 steps and Elephantine Aramaic Jewish papyri archive.
🇱🇧 Lebanon · Submerged site
Byblos – Submerged Early Bronze Age Anchorage
Neolithic to Medieval (c. 6000 BCE – 1300 CE) · Neolithic / Early Bronze Canaanite / Phoenician / Egyptian / Persian / Roman
World's oldest Phoenician anchorage drowned 2–5 m off Jbeil – Bronze Age anchor field and proto-mole.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Temple complex
Notion (Notium) — Temple of Apollo at Claros Outpost
Classical to Late Antiquity (500 BCE – 600 CE) · Aeolian Greek (Kolophonian) and Roman
Kolophon harbour city with Doric Apollo temple facing mother city.
🇲🇩 Moldova · Ancient city
Petreni
Chalcolithic Cucuteni-Trypillia BII (4000–3650 BCE) · Cucuteni-Trypillia (Moldovan BII, Petreni variant)
Petreni (Petreny) — Cucuteni-Trypillia BII mega-settlement (c.4000–3650 BCE, 30 ha, 500+ houses) on Cubolta terrace between Petreni and Sofia, Drochia District, northern Moldova.
🇪🇨 Ecuador · Ancient city
Upano Valley Urban Complex
Formative to Regional Development (500 BCE–600 CE) · Kilamope (Upano) culture; Sangay phase Huapula
Lost Amazon cities (500 BCE–600 CE) under Upano forest—20 towns, 6,000 mounds and 25 km of roads revealed by 2024 LiDAR.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Temple complex
Knidos Temple of Apollo Karneios
Classical to Hellenistic · Dorian Greek, Knidian
Knidos commercial-harbour Apollo Karneios 4th BCE Dorico-Ionic temple beside Aphrodite's Praxiteles temenos, Tekir Burnu.
🇹🇳 Tunisia · Archaeological wonder
Chemtou (Simitthus)
Numidian to Byzantine (quarry 2nd c BCE–6th c CE) · Numidian / Roman / Byzantine
Imperial marble quarry source of giallo antico with 80 m high quarry face, loading ramps and bridge over Medjerda.
🇬🇷 Greece · Submerged site
Kymassos (Kymassa) – Minoan Harbour Submerged in Southeast Crete
Minoan Protopalatial to Neopalatial (c. 1900 – 1450 BCE) · Minoan Palatial (Cretan)
Minoan slipway harbour – two rock-cut slipways at –1 m and boulder mole 25 m at –1.5 m in Kymassa bay.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Temple complex
Temple of Artemis at Sardis
Hellenistic to Roman (300 BCE–150 CE) · Lydian heritage, Seleucid, Attalid and Roman (Sardian polis)
Lydian capital's colossal Ionic Artemision 48×112 m, Hellenistic to Roman pseudodipteral.
🇮🇱 Israel · Hydraulic works
Ma'agan Michael Byzantine Reservoir & Aqueduct
Byzantine (Justinianic) · Byzantine Palestina Prima
Byzantine 6.5-ha reservoir (c.530 CE) on Nahal Taninim — Caesarea hinterland water buffer.
🇮🇶 Iraq · Tell
Tell al-'Ubaid (Tell el-Ubaid)
Ubaid to Ur III (6500–2000 BCE; peak Ubaid 5500–3800 BCE) · Ubaid (southern Mesopotamian) → Uruk → Early Dynastic → Ur III
Type-site of the Ubaid period — low mound with tripartite temples and ophidian figurines.
🇩🇪 Germany · Ancient city
Altes Lager Menzlin – Slavic–Viking Trading Post
Early Middle Ages (750–900 CE) · Slavic Wends with Scandinavian traders
Altes Lager Menzlin – Slavic–Viking Trading Post in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Anklam area, Peene river bank, Menzlin village, Germany is a Early Middle Ages (750–900 CE) Slavic Wends with Scandinavian…
🇪🇬 Egypt · Buried city
Coptos – Wadi Hammamat Desert Harbour Road, Qift
Predynastic to Medieval (4500 BCE – 1200 CE) · Egyptian / Ptolemaic / Roman / Eastern Desert
Nile gate to Red Sea — Min temple 300x150 m with Wadi Hammamat harbour 300x100 m for Myos Hormos elephant caravans.
🇹🇳 Tunisia · Submerged site
Leptiminus (Lemta) – Submerged Harbour of Byzacena
Phoenician to Early Islamic (8th c. BCE – 698 CE) · Punic / Roman African
Punic-Roman Olive-capital port whose factory quays and baths lie –1 to –3 m along Lamta beach with visible bollard stones.