🇸🇾 Syria · Ancient city
Mari Palace Western Annex Drain
Early Bronze Age (2900-1750 BCE) · Mari Culture
Mari Palace Western Annex Drain in Deir ez-Zor, Tell Hariri, Syria is a Early Bronze Age (2900-1750 BCE) ancient city attributed to Mari Culture.
🇱🇾 Libya · Submerged site
Ptolemais – Sunken Harbour of the Cyrenaican Pentapolis, Tolmeita
Hellenistic to Early Islamic (247 BCE – 642 CE) · Greek Ptolemaic / Roman / Byzantine
Ptolemy III foundation 247 BCE — Pentapolis harbour drowned 2 m off Tolmeita with 100 m breakwater and 6,000 m³ cisterns.
🇮🇱 Israel · Submerged site
Tel Dor (Dora) – Phoenician–Herodian Harbour Submerged
Middle Bronze to Byzantine (c. 2000 BCE – 640 CE) · Canaanite / Sikil Sea Peoples / Phoenician / Hellenistic / Herodian / Roman
Lagoon harbour city behind three islets – Phoenician quay and slipways at –0.5 to –3 m in Dor lagoon.
🇬🇷 Greece · Ancient city
Akrotiri West House Annex Theran — Northern Annex
Late Minoan (1700-1500 BCE) · Minoan
Akrotiri West House Annex Theran — Northern Annex in Cyclades, Santorini, Greece is a Late Minoan (1700-1500 BCE) ancient city attributed to Minoan.
🇷🇺 Russia · Buried city
Phanagoria Eastern Basin – Silted Harbour Lobe at Taman (Variant Bay)
Archaic to Medieval (540 BCE – 1000 CE) · Ionian Greek / Bosporan / Sarmatian / Khazar
Bosporus capital 540 BCE — eastern harbour lobe 400x200 m silted +2 m 500 m inland with 80 m mole vs western −7 m.
🇹🇳 Tunisia · Ancient city
Althiburos
Numidian to Byzantine (7th c BCE–7th c CE; peak 2nd c) · Numidian / Punic / Roman / Early Christian
12-ha Dorsale hilltop city with Hadrian arch, forum, and 500+ dolmen necropolis showing Numidian continuity.
🇿🇼 Zimbabwe · Ancient city
Great Zimbabwe Hill Complex West Enclosure Wall
Bronze Age (3000–1200 BCE) · Bronze Age
Great Zimbabwe Hill Complex West Enclosure Wall in Masvingo, Great Zimbabwe, Zimbabwe is a Bronze Age (3000–1200 BCE) ancient city attributed to Bronze Age.
🇵🇰 Pakistan · Ancient city
Harappa Mound F Granary Annex — Northern Annex
Harappan Mature (2600-1900 BCE) · Harappan
Harappa Mound F Granary Annex — Northern Annex in Punjab, Sahiwal, Pakistan is a Harappan Mature (2600-1900 BCE) ancient city attributed to Harappan.
🇵🇪 Peru · Pyramid
Pampa de las Llamas — Moxeke Pyramid (Santa Valley)
Initial Period (Moxeke–Casma) · Moxeke / Casma (Initial Period)
Initial Period 1800 BCE twin pyramid city at Moxeke — 160×170 m 30 m pyramid facing Huaca A across plaza, largest Santa Valley centre contemporary with Sechín.
🇱🇻 Latvia · Ancient city
Turaida Castle and Livonian Settlement
Middle Ages (1214–16th c. with Iron Age hillfort substratum 5th–12th c.) · Livonian Brothers of Sword / Archbishop of Riga, Livs
Turaida Castle and Livonian Settlement in Vidzeme, Sigulda Municipality, Turaida (formerly Treiden), Latvia is a Middle Ages (1214–16th c.
🇰🇬 Kyrgyzstan · Ancient city
Balasagun (Burana Tower)
Samanid → Karakhanid → Qara Khitai → Mongol 9–14 c. CE · Perso-Islamic Samanid → Turkic Karakhanid (Qarakhanid)
Karakhanid capital Balasagun (c.10–14 c. CE) in the Chu Valley near Tokmok — 36 ha shahristan (650×560 m) with the iconic Burana minaret (24 m surviving, originally 45 m, 11 c., Karakhanid brickwork…
🇬🇷 Greece · Ancient city
Knossos Caravanserai South Annex — Southern Extension
Neopalatial (1700-1450 BCE) · Minoan
Knossos Caravanserai South Annex — Southern Extension in Crete, Heraklion, Greece is a Neopalatial (1700-1450 BCE) ancient city attributed to Minoan.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Submerged site
Pelusium Eastern Sea Harbour (Sinus Pelusiacus Open Harbour)
Saite to Byzantine (664 BCE – 640 CE) · Saite / Persian / Ptolemaic / Roman / Byzantine
Open sea roadstead of Pelusium – rubble breakwater and anchor field 2–4 m off east beach.
🇿🇦 South Africa · Ancient city
Thulamela
Zimbabwe–Khami Tradition (Late Iron Age 1250–1700 CE) · Shona-Venda (Lemba/Vhangona) / Tsonga hinterland
5 ha hilltop Mapungubwe-descendant gold citadel with Queen's grave (gold bangles, Chinese porcelain) controlling Levuhbu–Indian Ocean ivory route.
🇻🇳 Vietnam · Ancient village
Đông Sơn (Thanh Hóa)
Phùng Nguyên 2000 BCE → Đông Sơn late Bronze–Early Iron 1000 BCE–100 CE → Han 100 CE–300 CE · Đông Sơn (Late Bronze–Early Iron, Southeast Asian Dong Son drum horizon)
Type-site Đông Sơn (1000 BCE–100 CE) on Mã River near Thanh Hóa — Heger I drums 90 cm with bird–toad frieze and socketed plows.
🇸🇩 Sudan · Pyramid
Amara West Temple-Town
New Kingdom (Ramesside) to Early Napatan · Egyptian (viceregal) / Kushite
Ramesside viceregal capital town of Kush at Amara West — 200 m walled city of Seti I/Ramesses II c.1300 BCE with Amun temple and external Napatan mini-pyramid cemetery.
🇿🇼 Zimbabwe · Ancient city
Khami Ruins
Zimbabwe Culture Period IV (Late Iron Age; Khami Phase 1450–1683) · Kalanga (Torwa/Karanga) / Rozvi
Post-Great Zimbabwe Torwa capital 1450–1683 with 6 m checkerboard terrace walls on hilltop and Ming porcelain imports.
🇹🇳 Tunisia · Ancient city
Pupput
Punic to Islamic (6th c BCE–9th c CE; peak 2nd–4th c) · Punic / Roman / Early Christian / Byzantine
1.2-ha rescue site under Hammamet with 3000+ tombs, House of Horses mosaics and Commodan colonia remains.
🇮🇷 Iran · Ancient city
Shahr-e Sukhteh Workshop Quarter East Annex
Early Bronze Age (3200-1800 BCE) · Helmand Culture
Shahr-e Sukhteh Workshop Quarter East Annex in Sistan, Zabul, Iran is a Early Bronze Age (3200-1800 BCE) ancient city attributed to Helmand Culture.
🇬🇹 Guatemala · Ancient city
Uaxactun
Middle Preclassic to Late Classic · Maya (Miron–Holmul–Tikal sphere)
Maya metropolis (Preclassic–Classic) 20 km north of Tikal comprising Groups A–H, world type-site for E-Group astronomical complex — Structure E-VII Sub (Preclassic) with three east...
🇪🇬 Egypt · Buried city
Meson — Lake Moeris Harbour at Fayum Southwest (Harbour of Moeris Southwest)
Ptolemaic to Late Roman (270 BCE – 300 CE) · Greco-Roman Fayum
Moeris southwest harbour Meson 1–2 m silted behind Wadi Rayyan bar — quay 50 m at –1.8 m and sluice 6 m at –2 m.
🇺🇦 Ukraine · Submerged site
Myrmekion — South Harbour Submerged Quay (Kerch Strait South)
Archaic to Late Antique (570 BCE – 370 CE) · Ionian / Bosporan
South Strait harbour of Myrmekion — 70 m quay at –2.5 m and wine cellar.
🇿🇼 Zimbabwe · Ancient city
Naletale
Zimbabwe Culture Late Torwa/Rozvi (1600–1750 CE) · Kalanga (Torwa/Rozvi)
1.2 ha mini-site with Zimbabwe's most densely decorated coursed walls – herringbone and chevron on every face, 17th c Torwa.
🇮🇶 Iraq · Ancient city
Nimrud Buried Northwest Palace Throne Room Bas-Relief Base
Bronze Age (3000–1200 BCE) · Bronze Age
Nimrud Buried Northwest Palace Throne Room Bas-Relief Base in Nineveh, Nimrud, Iraq is a Bronze Age (3000–1200 BCE) ancient city attributed to Bronze Age.