🇺🇦 Ukraine · Ancient city
Bilsk Hillfort – Gelonus
Early Iron Age, Scythian period · Scythian-agrarian (Budini, possibly Geloni Greeks per Herodotus)
4,400-ha 7th-c. BCE Scythian mega-hillfort—largest in Europe, Herodotus's wooden Gelonus candidate.
🇮🇱 Israel · Ancient city
Tel Kabri Palace Storage Annex West — Southern Extension
Middle Bronze Age (2000-1550 BCE) · Canaanite
Tel Kabri Palace Storage Annex West — Southern Extension in Galilee, Western Galilee, Israel is a Middle Bronze Age (2000-1550 BCE) ancient city attributed to Canaanite.
🇬🇷 Greece · Hydraulic works
Perachora Peninsula Hydraulic Aqueduct (Lechaion to Heraion)
Archaic to Hellenistic · Corinthian Greek
Perachora peninsula (45 m, 38°01′48″N 22°57′00″E 38.03,22.95) Classical to Hellenistic gravity aqueduct (5.2 km) tapping Penteskouphia springs behind Acrocorinth to supply Heraion of Perachora…
🇸🇾 Syria · Ancient city
Mari Palace Western Annex Drain — Eastern Outlier
Early Bronze Age (2900-1750 BCE) · Mari Culture
Mari Palace Western Annex Drain — Eastern Outlier in Deir ez-Zor, Tell Hariri, Syria is a Early Bronze Age (2900-1750 BCE) ancient city attributed to Mari Culture.
🇬🇹 Guatemala · Ancient city
Ixtutz
Ixtutz ([iʃˈtuːts]) was an important Classic Period Maya city located south of Ixkun in southeastern Petén, Guatemala.
🇺🇿 Uzbekistan · Fortress
Berkut-Kala
Kushan (100 BCE–300 CE) → Afrighid Khwarazm (400–800 CE) → abandon desertification · Khwarazmian (Kushan–Afrighid) with Bactrian influence
Kushan–Afrighid desert fortress town (c.100 BCE–800 CE) in the Berkut-Kala oasis on the northern Amu Darya delta near Ellikkala — 8 ha square fortified palace with 2 km wall (Afrighid Khwarazmian)…
🇸🇦 Saudi Arabia · Ancient city
Najran Al-Ukhdood Northern Enclosure — Western Terrace
Classical (500 BCE-500 CE) · South Arabian
Najran Al-Ukhdood Northern Enclosure — Western Terrace in Najran, Najran, Saudi Arabia is a Classical (500 BCE-500 CE) ancient city attributed to South Arabian.
🇸🇦 Saudi Arabia · Ancient city
Qaryat al-Faw Market Street East Annex
Classical (300 BCE-300 CE) · Kindah
Qaryat al-Faw Market Street East Annex in Riyadh, Wadi al-Dawasir, Saudi Arabia is a Classical (300 BCE-300 CE) ancient city attributed to Kindah.
🇬🇷 Greece · Ancient city
Akrotiri West House Annex Theran — Northern Annex
Late Minoan (1700-1500 BCE) · Minoan
Akrotiri West House Annex Theran — Northern Annex in Cyclades, Santorini, Greece is a Late Minoan (1700-1500 BCE) ancient city attributed to Minoan.
🇬🇷 Greece · Ancient city
Knossos Caravanserai South Annex — Eastern Outlier
Neopalatial (1700-1450 BCE) · Minoan
Knossos Caravanserai South Annex — Eastern Outlier in Crete, Heraklion, Greece is a Neopalatial (1700-1450 BCE) ancient city attributed to Minoan.
🇲🇷 Mauritania · Ancient city
Tegdaoust (Aoudaghost)
Medieval Ghana Empire (Wagadu) / Almoravid (7th–17th c; peak 10th–13th c) · Soninke (Wagadu) / Sanhaja Berber
12 ha stone citadel identified as Ghana Empire's gold entrepôt Awdaghust with Tagant artisan quarters and central mosque.
🇮🇶 Iraq · Ancient city
Samarra Buried Abbasid Palace Dar al-Khilafa
Bronze Age (3000–1200 BCE) · Bronze Age
Samarra Buried Abbasid Palace Dar al-Khilafa in Salah ad-Din, Samarra, Iraq is a Bronze Age (3000–1200 BCE) ancient city attributed to Bronze Age.
🇸🇾 Syria · Ancient city
Dur-Katlimmu Red House Archive Room
Bronze Age (3000–1200 BCE) · Bronze Age
Dur-Katlimmu Red House Archive Room in Al-Hasakah, Tell Sheikh Hamad, Syria is a Bronze Age (3000–1200 BCE) ancient city attributed to Bronze Age.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Ancient city
Hacilar Level II Burned House 7
Bronze Age (3000–1200 BCE) · Bronze Age
Hacilar Level II Burned House 7 in Burdur, Hacılar, Turkey is a Bronze Age (3000–1200 BCE) ancient city attributed to Bronze Age.
🇲🇽 Mexico · Ancient city
Palenque Palace Tower Vault
Bronze Age (3000–1200 BCE) · Bronze Age
Palenque Palace Tower Vault in Chiapas, Palenque, Mexico is a Bronze Age (3000–1200 BCE) ancient city attributed to Bronze Age.
🇮🇱 Israel · Ancient city
Avdat Nabataean Wine Press 7
Bronze Age (3000–1200 BCE) · Bronze Age
Avdat Nabataean Wine Press 7 in South, Avdat, Israel is a Bronze Age (3000–1200 BCE) ancient city attributed to Bronze Age.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Ancient city
Bayburt
Bayburt is a city in northeast Turkey lying on the Çoruh River. It is the seat of Bayburt Province and Bayburt District. Its population is 48,036 (2021).
🇨🇳 China · Ancient city
Hwando
Hwando (Chinese: 丸都; pinyin: Wandu) is a mountain fortress of the ancient Korean kingdom of Goguryeo, built to protect Goguryeo's second capital, Gungnae.
🇸🇾 Syria · Ancient city
Tell Fekheriye (Washukanni?)
Early Bronze to Mitanni to Neo-Assyrian (Jezirah) · Hurrian Mitanni → Aramaean Sikani → Assyrian
Spring-mound town Sikani (Mitanni to Neo-Assyrian) candidate for Mitanni capital Washukanni (hot debate) — 90 ha lower town + 8 ha citadel mound at main Khabur karst spring (Ras al-Ain).
🇲🇩 Moldova · Ancient city
Petreni Cucuteni-Trypillia Mega-Settlement
Chalcolithic (4000–3600 BCE, Cucuteni A–B) · Cucuteni-Trypillia
Moldovan mega-settlement of Cucuteni A–B / Trypillia BII, 30–35 ha, c.4000–3600 BCE, with ca. 500 houses in oval ring and two mega-structures.
🇬🇷 Greece · Ancient city
Azenia (Attica)
Azenia (Ancient Greek: Ἀζηνία) was a deme of ancient Attica between Anaphlystus and Sunium. It was probably situated in the bay of which Sunium forms the eastern cape.
🇵🇪 Peru · Temple complex
Choquequirao
Inca Imperial 1450–1530 Neo-Inca to 1572 · Inca (Pachacuti? Topa Yupanqui)
Inca cloud-city with white stone llamas paving terraces above Apurimac canyon.
🇹🇳 Tunisia · Ancient city
Uzappa
Roman (1st–7th c. CE) · Roman / Byzantine
Colonia with circus and amphitheatre on imperial saltus.
🇱🇾 Libya · Ancient city
Ptolemais — Palace of Columns Cliff Peristyle Hellenistic
Hellenistic (Ptolemy III 246 BCE) → Roman, Palace of Columns 1st c. CE · Hellenistic Ptolemaic port palace and Roman later
Ptolemais Kraeling 1960s, Palace Columns 165 m peristyle.