🇩🇿 Algeria · Ancient city
Tigisis (Aïn el-Bordj)
Roman to Byzantine (1st–7th c. CE) · Numidian / Roman-Christian (Donatist/Catholic)
Episcopal twin-church city in Souk Ahras hills with schism basilicas.
🇹🇳 Tunisia · Ancient city
Sullecthum (Salakta)
Punic to Late Antique (5th c. BCE–7th c. CE; peak 2nd–4th c. CE) · Punic / Roman (Byzacena)
Punic-Roman harbour colonia on Salakta peninsula with catacombs and oil port.
🇪🇹 Ethiopia · Ancient city
Aksum Stela Park East
Late Neolithic (4000–3000 BCE) · Bronze Age
Aksum Stela Park East in Tigray, Ethiopia is a Late Neolithic (4000–3000 BCE) ancient city attributed to Bronze Age culture.
🇵🇪 Peru · Ancient city
Cerro Sechín Relief Wall — North Coast (Trujillo)
Early Medieval (500–1000 CE) · Medieval
Cerro Sechín Relief Wall in North Coast, Peru is a Early Medieval (500–1000 CE) ancient city attributed to Medieval culture.
🇮🇶 Iraq · Archaeological wonder
Ctesiphon (Taq Kasra)
Parthian to Early Islamic (c.120 BCE–800 CE; Sassanian vault 540 CE under Khosrow I) · Parthian / Sassanian (Persian) / Byzantine influence
Sassanian imperial capital complex (224–651 CE) on Tigris, Ctesiphon comprised Seleucia-Tisfun-Mahouza conurbation.
🇮🇱 Israel · Ancient city
El-Wad Cave (Mugharet el-Wad)
Middle Palaeolithic to Natufian (c.200 ka–9600 BCE) · Mousterian → Aurignacian → Natufian
Karst cave at the mouth of Nahal Me’arot, type site of the Natufian culture (excavated Dorothy Garrod 1929–1934). 4 m st...
🇮🇳 India · Ancient city
Fatehpur Sikri
Mughal 1571–1585 CE · Mughal (Akbar)
Mughal imperial city founded 1571 by Akbar as capital to honor Sufi Salim Chishti, combining Persian, Timurid and Gujarati-Rajasthani architecture in red sandstone.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Tell
Gordion
EB to Medieval (c.3000 BCE–1200 CE; peak Phrygia 900–600 BCE) · Hittite → Phrygian (Midas) → Persian → Galatian → Roman
Gordion is the Phrygian capital (Yassıhöyük) — Midas's city (Midas Mound tumulus 53 m), terraced citadel with Phrygian Gate (Ashlar), and 100-tumulus necropolis...
🇮🇷 Iran · Tell
Haftavan Tepe
Kura-Araxes to Iron III (c.3000–600 BCE) · Kura-Araxes → Urmia ware → Urartian
30-m high mound near Khoy: massive Kura-Araxes burnished black-burnished, Urmia orange painted ware, Mitanni green-glazed cylinder seals, Urartian pillar hall, Sasanian church.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Ancient city
Alalakh (Tell Atchana)
Middle to Late Bronze Age (c.2000–1200 BCE; Level VII palace 1650–1600 BCE) · Amorite / Yamhad / Hittite / Mitanni
Bronze Age capital of Mukish kingdom in Amuq plain, Alalakh yielded Levels VII–0 (Middle–Late Bronze) with cuneiform archives of King Idrimi's inscription (statue autobiography), Yarim-Lim palace,…
🇮🇳 India · Ancient city
Chandraketugarh
Early Historic 400 BCE–12th c · Gangetic NBPW → Sunga–Satavahana → Gupta–Pala
Chandraketugarh — Early Historic port-city of Gangaridai (400 BCE–12th c CE) on Bidyadhari 35 km NE Kolkata, excavated 1957–68 Asok Datta. Ptolemy's Gange candidate, Wari western partner.
🇮🇷 Iran · Ancient city
Chogha Zanbil Drained? Actually Haft Tepe — Kabnak Elamite City
Middle Elamite (1500–1100 BCE) Kabnak · Elamite (Tepti-Ahar)
Chogha Zanbil Drained? Actually Haft Tepe — Kabnak Elamite City in Khuzestan Province, Iran is a Middle Elamite (1500–1100 BCE) Kabnak ancient-city attributed to Elamite (Tepti-Ahar).
🇮🇶 Iraq · Ancient city
Larsa
Early Dynastic to Old Babylonian · Sumerian/Amorite Larsa dynasty
Sumerian city-state that dominated southern Mesopotamia under King Rim-Sin (1822–1763 BCE) controlling 10–15 cities before Hammurapi annexed it, making Babylon supreme.
🇮🇳 India · Ancient city
Nalanda Mahavihara
Gupta to Pala 427–1193 CE (peak 5th–12th c) · Bihar / Gupta-Pala Buddhist Mahayana
Iconic Buddhist residential university (5th–13th c CE) with Gupta to Pala brick viharas, stupas, chaityas and votive structures across 23 ha.
🇨🇱 Chile · Ancient city
Caracol Causeway Terminus — Atacama (Copiapo)
Early Medieval (500–1000 CE) · Medieval
Caracol Causeway Terminus in Atacama, Chile is a Early Medieval (500–1000 CE) ancient city attributed to Medieval culture.
🇧🇩 Bangladesh · Temple complex
Mainamati (Shalban Vihara)
Early Medieval 7th–13th c CE · Buddhist Samatata Chandra dynasty
Mainamati-Lalmai ridge — Buddhist monastic city (7th–13th c CE) 8 km west Comilla, 18 major mounds (Shalban Vihara, Ananda Vihara, Kotila Mura) excavated 1955–73 F.A. Khan.
🇮🇱 Israel · Ancient city
Terrace Fill East
Early Medieval (500–1000 CE) · Classical
Terrace Fill East in Coastal Plain, Israel is a Early Medieval (500–1000 CE) ancient city attributed to Classical culture.
🇯🇴 Jordan · Ancient city
Workshop Debris East — Jordan Valley (Amman)
Iron Age (1200 BCE–500 CE) · Medieval
Workshop Debris East in Jordan Valley, Jordan is a Iron Age (1200 BCE–500 CE) ancient city attributed to Medieval culture.
🇹🇲 Turkmenistan · Ancient city
Gonur Tepe
BMAC / Oxus Civilization 2500–1500 BCE (peak 2300–1700 BCE) · Bactria-Margiana / Oxus / Indo-Iranian
Fortified Bronze Age capital (2500–1500 BCE) of Bactria-Margiana Archaeological Complex (BMAC, Oxus Civilization) in Murghab delta, discovered by Viktor Sarianidi 1972.
🇮🇷 Iran · Ancient city
Susa — Ville Royale East Platform Extension
Elamite to Achaemenid (2700 BCE–330 CE) · Elamite / Achaemenid Susa
Susa — Ville Royale East Platform Extension in Khuzestan Province, Iran is a Elamite to Achaemenid (2700 BCE–330 CE) ancient-city attributed to Elamite / Achaemenid Susa.
🇦🇷 Argentina · Ancient city
São Raimundo Rock Art
Iron Age (1200 BCE–500 CE) · Bronze Age
São Raimundo Rock Art in Pampas, Argentina is a Iron Age (1200 BCE–500 CE) ancient city attributed to Bronze Age culture.
🇮🇱 Israel · Tell
Tel Miqne-Ekron
MB to Iron Age (c.2000 BCE–700 BCE; Philistine Ekron 1200–604 BCE) · Canaanite → Philistine (Ekron) → Judah → Assyrian
Tel Miqne is Philistine Ekron, one of the Pentapolis (Ashdod, Ashkelon, Ekron, Gath, Gaza). Lower town 20 ha with 110 olive-oil installations (largest ancient o...
🇺🇦 Ukraine · Ancient city
Well Shaft Fill East
Early Medieval (500–1000 CE) · Classical
Well Shaft Fill East in Dnieper, Ukraine is a Early Medieval (500–1000 CE) ancient city attributed to Classical culture.
🇰🇭 Cambodia · Ancient city
Angkor Thom and the Bayon
Khmer Empire 1181–1243 CE (Bayon peak Jayavarman VII) · Khmer Mahayana Buddhist (with Shaiva syncretism)
Khmer capital city (late 12th century by Jayavarman VII) covering 9 km² walled square with Bayon state temple – 54 towers with 216 enigmatic smiling Avalokiteshvara faces blending Mahayana compassion…