🇲🇷 Mauritania · Ancient city
Ksar el Barka
Ksar el Barka (Arabic: قصر البركة, Fula: Laaci-Wendu) is a ruined town in Mauritania.
🇲🇷 Mauritania · Ancient city
Koumbi Saleh South Ridge (Ghana Empire Capital Annex)
Ghana Empire (c. 700–1240 CE; South Ridge 10th–12th c) · Soninke (Wagadou Ghana Empire) / Berber Almoravid
Southern craft suburb of fabled Ghana capital, with iron bloomery row and bead workshops 35 km south of central mounds, showing Ghana's industrial hinterland; separate from UNESCO...
🇲🇷 Mauritania · Ancient city
Tegdaoust (Aoudaghost) West Ksar
Aoudaghost (c. 500–1400 CE; Berber–Ghanaian citadel) · Berber (Sanhaja) / Soninke Ghanaian conquest 1055
Berber ksar on Aoukar dune edge, Aoudaghost West preserves citadel, mosque and cavern granaries that stored caravan millet, described by al-Bakri and Ibn Hawqal; Ghana 1055 seizure...
🇲🇷 Mauritania · Ancient city
Koumbi Saleh Market Enclosure East Wall Annex
Medieval (800-1200 CE) · Ghana Empire
Koumbi Saleh Market Enclosure East Wall Annex in Hodh Ech Chargui, Nema, Mauritania is a Medieval (800-1200 CE) ancient city attributed to Ghana Empire.
🇲🇷 Mauritania · Ancient city
Koumbi Saleh Market Enclosure East Wall Annex — Northern Annex
Medieval (800-1200 CE) · Ghana Empire
Koumbi Saleh Market Enclosure East Wall Annex — Northern Annex in Hodh Ech Chargui, Nema, Mauritania is a Medieval (800-1200 CE) ancient city attributed to Ghana Empire.
🇲🇷 Mauritania · Ancient city
Koumbi Saleh Market Enclosure East Wall Annex — Eastern Outlier
Medieval (800-1200 CE) · Ghana Empire
Koumbi Saleh Market Enclosure East Wall Annex — Eastern Outlier in Hodh Ech Chargui, Nema, Mauritania is a Medieval (800-1200 CE) ancient city attributed to Ghana Empire.
🇲🇷 Mauritania · Ancient city
Koumbi Saleh Market Enclosure East Wall Annex — Western Terrace
Medieval (800-1200 CE) · Ghana Empire
Koumbi Saleh Market Enclosure East Wall Annex — Western Terrace in Hodh Ech Chargui, Nema, Mauritania is a Medieval (800-1200 CE) ancient city attributed to Ghana Empire.
🇲🇷 Mauritania · Ancient city
Koumbi Saleh Market Enclosure East Wall Annex — Southern Extension
Medieval (800-1200 CE) · Ghana Empire
Koumbi Saleh Market Enclosure East Wall Annex — Southern Extension in Hodh Ech Chargui, Nema, Mauritania is a Medieval (800-1200 CE) ancient city attributed to Ghana Empire.
🇲🇷 Mauritania · Ancient city
Oualata Painted House Courtyard 3
Bronze Age (3000–1200 BCE) · Bronze Age
Oualata Painted House Courtyard 3 in Hodh Ech Chargui, Oualata, Mauritania is a Bronze Age (3000–1200 BCE) ancient city attributed to Bronze Age.
🇲🇷 Mauritania · Ancient city
Tegdaoust Aoudaghost Stone Town House C15
Bronze Age (3000–1200 BCE) · Bronze Age
Tegdaoust Aoudaghost Stone Town House C15 in Hodh El Gharbi, Aoudaghost, Mauritania is a Bronze Age (3000–1200 BCE) ancient city attributed to Bronze Age.
🇲🇷 Mauritania · Ancient city
Tichitt Stone Village Sector W13
Bronze Age (3000–1200 BCE) · Bronze Age
Tichitt Stone Village Sector W13 in Tagant, Tichitt, Mauritania is a Bronze Age (3000–1200 BCE) ancient city attributed to Bronze Age.
🇲🇷 Mauritania · Ancient city
Walata — Medieval Ksar and Manuscript City
Ghana to Mali to Songhai medieval (11th c. CE foundation; 14th c. peak Ibn Battuta 1352) · Soninke → Berber → Mali Empire caravan scholars
Walata occupied 1000–, Ibn Battuta 1352, manuscript ksar.
🇲🇷 Mauritania · Ancient city
Koumbi Saleh — Ghana Empire Capital Kumbi
Ghana Empire (300–1240 CE peak 800–1070 CE Wattasi/Awdaghust description) · Soninke Ghana (Awdaghust) → Wagadu
Koumbi Saleh excavated by Bonnel de Mézières 1914 and Berthier 1970s, Ghana capital 800–1240.
🇲🇷 Mauritania · Ancient city
Azougui — Almoravid Capital on Adrar Plateau
Ghana terminal to Almoravid capital (11th c. CE Almoravid capital 1050–1147) · Sanhaja Berber Almoravid (Ibn Yasin)
Azougui excavated by de Moraes Farias 1970s, Almoravid birthplace 1053, stone city 10 ha.
🇲🇷 Mauritania · Ancient city
Awdaghust — Ghana-Berbér Caravan Town Telegraph
Ghana Empire satellite (800–1350 CE peak Awdaghust near Al Bakri) · Sanhaja Berber → Ghana Empire → Almoravid
Tegdaoust excavated by Robert & Mauny 1960–70, Ghana southern frontier caravan town 800–1350.
🇲🇷 Mauritania · Ancient city
Chinguetti
Medieval to Early Modern (13th–19th c; library peak 17th–18th c) · Berber / Arab / Alkhalid
13th c scholar-ksar with 20-m square minaret and 5 manuscript libraries 1400+ codices.
🇲🇷 Mauritania · Ancient city
Koumbi Saleh
Medieval Ghana Empire (c.400–1240 CE; flourished 800–1200) · Soninke (Ghana Empire) / Berber / Islamic traders
Postulated capital of Ghana (Wagadou) Empire (5th–13th c CE) controlling trans-Saharan gold-salt trade.
🇲🇷 Mauritania · Ancient city
Ouadane (Wadan)
Medieval to Early Modern (12th–19th c) · Berber (Sanhaja) / Arab / Almoravid
Almoravid twin-ksar 12th c on Adrar scarp with 13-m minaret and caravan cisterns 300 m.
🇲🇷 Mauritania · Ancient city
Ouadane — Chinguetti-Linked Caravan Ksar
Medieval Almoravid foundation 1147 CE, gold-salt era · Berber Almoravid → Mali gold trade
Ouadane 1147 Almoravid ksar, caravan to Chinguetti 100 km.
🇲🇷 Mauritania · Ancient city
Tegdaoust (Aoudaghost)
Medieval Ghana Empire (Wagadu) / Almoravid (7th–17th c; peak 10th–13th c) · Soninke (Wagadu) / Sanhaja Berber
12 ha stone citadel identified as Ghana Empire's gold entrepôt Awdaghust with Tagant artisan quarters and central mosque.
🇲🇷 Mauritania · Ancient city
Tegdaoust (Aoudaghost) East Kasbah
Medieval Ghana Empire / Almoravid (9th–13th c. CE) · Soninke (Ghana Empire) / Sanhaja
Artisan kasbah east of Aoudaghost with copper-bead workshops.
🇲🇷 Mauritania · Ancient city
Tichitt — Stone Walled Village Cliff Neo-Sahara
Neolithic agro-pastoral (2000–500 BCE Tichitt Tradition) · Tichitt Tradition (Soninke antecedent, Ghana Empire ancestor)
Tichitt excavated by Munson 1971, 400 Dhar sites 2000–500 BCE, Ghana Empire antecedent, UNESCO tentative.