🇨🇱 Chile · Geoglyph
Azapa Alto de Azapa Geoglyphs (Upper Azapa Precordillera)
Early Formative Alto Ramírez I–II · Alto Ramírez upper-valley
Upper Azapa precordillera: 18 steep-slope figures at 980 m marking valley bottleneck to highlands.
🇯🇵 Japan · Ancient city
Harunotsuji (Iki)
Yayoi 300 BCE–300 CE (Ikikoku under Wei Zhi Wa federation) · Yayoi Iki–Tsushima maritime (Wa – Wei Himiko federation)
Wei Zhi Ikikoku maritime capital (300 BCE–300 CE) at Harunotsuji Iki — 100 ha with 2 km moat, 47 Han mirrors and plaza warehouse.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Temple complex
El-Tod (Djerty / Tuphium)
Old Kingdom to Ptolemaic (2480 BCE–30 BCE; peak Middle Kingdom 12th Dyn) · Ancient Egyptian
Montu war-falcon temple at El-Tod with Sesostris granite pillars and Tod Treasure hoard.
🇹🇭 Thailand · Ancient village
Non Nok Tha
Neolithic → Bronze Age → Iron Age 2500 BCE–200 CE · Non Nok Tha culture (Isan Bronze Age, Ban Chiang contemporary)
Neolithic–Bronze Age mortuary mound (c.2500–200 BCE) at Non Nok Tha, Khon Kaen — 1 ha stratified mound with 250+ burials in four phases, excavated 1966–68 by Donn Bayard (U Otago) and Sood…
🇸🇦 Saudi Arabia · Geoglyph
Thumamah Plateau Mustatil Field (Riyadh Region)
Late Neolithic (Arabian Neolithic) · Central Arabian Late Neolithic
Easternmost mustatil province (620 m, 25°39′N 46°39′E) on Thumamah limestone plateau 80 km NE of Riyadh, pushing mustatil distribution 400 km east of Dawadmi core.
🇮🇳 India · Archaeological wonder
Adams Bridge (Rama Setu) – Natural Limestone Shoal Claimed Ram's Bridge
Pleistocene–Holocene shoal (natural) + epic Ramayana 7th–4th c. BCE; pseudo claim 2002 '18k Vishvakarma engineering' · Pleistocene natural shoaling + Tamil–Sinhalese tradition
29-km Palk Strait shoal chain — Ramayana epic bridge literature misread as 18k BCE engineered causway vs natural tombolo reef.
🇮🇱 Israel · Archaeological wonder
Haluza (Elusa) Negev Kite Field (Haluza dunes fringe, Israel)
Early Bronze to Byzantine (EB II to Byzantine, 3300 BCE–600 CE) · Negev Early Bronze (Arad) to Nabatean–Byzantine
11 Haluza dune-fringe kites (3300 BCE–Byzantine reuse) with sinking circles — Negev farming adaptation.
🇰🇿 Kazakhstan · Tumulus
Kyrykoba Kurgan Field — Sarmatian Royal Cemetery (Aktobe, West Kazakhstan)
Early to Middle Sarmatian (Sauromatian–Early Sarmatian, 500–350 BCE) · Sauromatian–Early Sarmatian (Prokhorovka transitional)
40+ Sarmatian royal mounds (5th–4th c BCE) with 820-g gold torque and Amazon warrior — West Kazakh Ural steppe.
🇯🇵 Japan · Tumulus
Takamatsuzuka Tumulus
Asuka Late 645–710 CE · Yamato–Asuka with Tang Kaiyuan import
Asuka Tang-style painted round tomb (700 CE) at Takamatsuzuka — 23 m with Asuka bijin court ladies in Tang dress National Treasure.
🇩🇪 Germany · Ancient village
Campen Plank Road – Emsland Bog Trackway (Landegge)
Early Iron Age (Hallstatt C) · Ems-Hunte Iron Age (Pre-Roman)
1.2-km split-oak corduroy (668 BCE) across Campen Moor — earliest Emsland Bohlenweg.
🇷🇴 Romania · Ancient city
Cucuteni
Eneolithic Precucuteni → Cucuteni A–B (5200–3500 BCE) · Precucuteni–Cucuteni (Western Cucuteni-Trypillia)
Cucuteni (Cucuteni-Cetățuia) — eponymous promontory type site of Cucuteni-Trypillia culture discovered 1884 by N. Beldiceanu on Dealul Gosan above Cucuteni village, 30 km west Iași.
🇵🇪 Peru · Archaeological wonder
Písac (Písaq)
Late Horizon Inca Imperial 1440–1530 CE (built under Pachacuti Inca Yupanqui) · Inca (Quechua, Late Horizon, Sacred Valley expansion)
Inca royal estate and agricultural terraces considered among finest Inca ashlar engineering beyond Machu Picchu: Intihuatana (Sun-hitching stone) solstice-gnomon ridge, Qalla Q'asa fortress on…
🇮🇳 India · Ancient village
Senuwar
Neolithic (2500–2000) → Chalcolithic (2000–1300) → Iron Age (1300–600 BCE) · Vindhyan–Kaimur Chalcolithic (Senuwar culture)
Multi-period Chalcolithic–Neolithic mound (c.2500–600 BCE) on Kudra River at foot of Kaimur scarp near Sasaram, Bihar — 3.2 ha with 6.5 m deposit excavated 1986–90 by B.P. Singh (BHU).
🇲🇱 Mali · Ancient city
Essouk (Tadmekka)
Medieval trans-Saharan (8th–15th c; peak 11th–14th c) · Sanhaja Berber / Tuareg (Kel Essouk) / Songhai
Arid 12 ha Berber warehouse town with 8th-c mosque (among earliest in West Africa) and 750,000 glass beads on salt route.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Ancient city
Hierakonpolis (Nekhen)
Predynastic to Old Kingdom (Naqada I–III to 2686 BCE; peak Naqada III) · Egyptian (Predynastic Naqada II–III / Early Dynastic)
Predynastic megacity 3500 BCE 5 ha yielding Narmer Palette, earliest 12 m mudbrick fort, HK6 elephant burial and painted Tomb 100.
🇨🇳 China · Ancient village
Bashidang
Pengtoushan late 7000–5000 BCE → Zaoshi 5800–5000 BCE · Pengtoushan (Middle Yangzi late) → Zaoshi transitional
Moated Neolithic town (c.7000–5000 BCE, Pengtoushan culture late phase) at Bashidang on the Li River swamp south of Pengtoushan — 3 ha circular settlement with earthen wall and ditch, excavated…
🇮🇪 Ireland · Archaeological wonder
Kish-Ombor Bog Track Cluster (Ballycroy, Mayo)
Neolithic to Iron Age (Céide to La Tène) · Mayo Neolithic to Iron Age
Atlantic blanket bog trackway cluster (35 m asl, 54°07′12″N 09°27′00″W 54.12,-9.45 Ballycroy Owenduff) within Wild Nephin Ballycroy National Park, Neolithic to Iron Age (3700-200 BCE) 7 toghers on…
🇲🇦 Morocco · Ancient city
Sijilmassa
Early Islamic to Medieval (757–1393 CE; peak 10th–14th c CE) · Berber Miknasa / Islamic / Maliki
Gold-mint entrepôt Sijilmassa on Trans-Saharan Ghana road south of Rissani.
🇯🇵 Japan · Ancient village
Toro
Yayoi Early 300 BCE → Middle 100 BCE → Late 100–300 CE → Kofun · Yayoi (Tōkai–Suruga paddy culture)
Textbook Yayoi paddy (300 BCE–300 CE) at Toro Shizuoka — 370 waterlogged paddy plots with wooden spades and weir on Abe fan.
🇹🇳 Tunisia · Ancient city
Uthina (Oudhna)
Numidian to Early Islamic (2nd c BCE–9th c CE; peak 2nd–4th c) · Numidian / Roman / Byzantine / Early Islamic
90-ha Augustan veteran colonia with half-buried 16,000-seat amphitheatre and Zaghouan-fed baths.
🇨🇳 China · Rock art
Yinshan Central Dahekou Ridge Rock Art
Late Bronze to Turkic Early Medieval · Northern Ordos, Xiongnu, Xianbei
Central ridge above Dahekou gorge bridging Yinshan naturalism and Helan mask styles.
🇿🇲 Zambia · Rock art
Kalambo Falls
Lower Paleolithic to Iron Age (Acheulean to Iron) · Acheulean → Sangoan/Lupemban → Magosian → Iron Age
221-m Kalambo waterfall with 476,000-year-old notched-log structure — earliest wood building.
🇹🇳 Tunisia · Ancient city
Mactaris (Makthar)
Numidian to Byzantine (8th c BCE-10th c CE; peak 2nd-3rd c CE) · Numidian / Punic / Roman / Byzantine
Highland city with dolmens and schola.
🇹🇿 Tanzania · Ancient village
Mumba Cave
Middle Stone Age to Later Stone Age to Pastoral Neolithic · MSA → LSA foragers → Pastoral Neolithic
130-ka Eyasi rockshelter Mumba with 18 burials and Still Bay to LSA microlith transition.