🇷🇺 Russia · Tumulus
Karakol Kurgans
Early Bronze Age, Karakol culture 2500-1800 BCE · Karakol culture (Altai Early Bronze)
Early Bronze stone-slab cist kurgans (2500-1800 BCE) at Karakol with tri-color polychrome slab paintings, pre-Pazyryk Altai.
🇧🇷 Brazil · Earthwork
Marajoara Mounds (Teso dos Bichos)
Marajoara Phase (Polychrome Tradition) · Marajoara (Arauan-derived Amazonian Polychrome)
Marajoara chiefdom mounds (800–1400 CE)—40-m tesos and funerary urn fields on Amazon's delta island.
🇵🇪 Peru · Archaeological wonder
Tambo Colorado
Late Horizon Inca coastal 1470–1532 CE · Inca (coastal Pisco Chinchaysuyu)
Best-preserved polychrome Inca adobe palace enclosure on Pisco coast, 1470–1532 CE.
🇧🇷 Brazil · Rock art
Serra da Capivara Rock Art
Upper Paleolithic to early Holocene (~25,000 BCE – 2000 BCE disputed; art ~9000 BCE onward) · Paleoindian / early Nordeste tradition; Pedra Furada phase
Semiarid caatinga plateau with over 400 painted shelters bearing perhaps 30,000 figures, among the densest and most narrative rock-art landscapes in the Americas.
🇪🇸 Spain · Rock art
Altamira Cave
Solutrean–Magdalenian ~18–14 ka BP · Solutrean/Magdalenian Cantabrian
Great Ceiling of polychrome bison — the Paleolithic Sistine Chapel at Santillana del Mar.
🇫🇷 France · Rock art
Font-de-Gaume Cave
Magdalenian ~17–14 ka BP · Magdalenian
Vézère polychrome gallery with 230 Magdalenian figures, last original painted cave open to public.
🇪🇸 Spain · Rock art
Tito Bustillo Cave
Solutrean to Magdalenian ~18–11 ka BP · Magdalenian Cantabrian
Ribadesella polychrome Magdalenian cave sealed until 1968 with 14 ka harpoon culture art.
🇵🇪 Peru · Rock art
Toquepala Caves
Early Holocene (~9500–7000 BCE) · Andean high-desert hunter-gatherer (Toquepala tradition)
Shallow Andean quebrada cave where Roger Ravines documented polychrome paintings of camelids, deer and corpulent hunters brandishing bows, one of the earliest figurative traditions on the Pacific…