🇬🇷 Greece · Cave
Alepotrypa Cave
Late Neolithic to Early Bronze Age · Final Neolithic / Early Helladic
Vast Neolithic cave complex at Diros Bay, Laconia, used as settlement and burial site 6000–3200 BCE before earthquake sealed entrance.
🇮🇱 Israel · Ancient city
Kebara Cave
Middle Palaeolithic to Natufian (c.60000–12000 BCE) · Mousterian (Neanderthal) → Aurignacian → Kebaran → Natufian
Deep Mount Carmel cave with 15 m stratified sequence from Middle Palaeolithic (Mousterian, Neanderthal ‘Kebara 2’ pelvis...
🇺🇸 United States · Cave
Lovelock Cave
Lovelock Culture (2500 BCE – 1830 CE) · Lovelock / Paiute-Shoshone
Lovelock Cave in Nevada, United States is a Lovelock Culture (2500 BCE – 1830 CE) cave attributed to Lovelock / Paiute-Shoshone culture.
🇺🇦 Ukraine · Cave
Verteba Cave
Chalcolithic Trypillia BI–C1 (4100–3500 BCE) Podolia cave sanctuary · Cucuteni-Trypillia (Podolia cave sanctuary phase, Bilche-Zolote variant)
Verteba Cave (Peștera Verteba) — gypsum karst cave sanctuary (Cucuteni-Trypillia CI 4100–3500 BCE, 9 km passages) at Bilche-Zolote, Podolia, Ukraine's largest Trypillia cave site.
🇨🇦 Canada · Cave
Bluefish Caves
Late Pleistocene (24,000 – 12,000 BP) · Beringian Paleo-Indian
Bluefish Caves in Yukon, Canada is a Late Pleistocene (24,000 – 12,000 BP) cave attributed to Beringian Paleo-Indian culture.
🇯🇴 Jordan · Archaeological wonder
Iraq ed-Dubb (Ain Hashara)
Early to Late Natufian (13,500–11,500 BP) · Natufian
Natufian rockshelter with earliest escarpment plant cultivation and cult basin prefiguring PPN shrines.
🇭🇷 Croatia · Cave
Strašna Pećina — Upper Gallery (Krk)
Middle to Upper Palaeolithic (100000–12000 BP) · Mousterian / Upper Palaeolithic
Strašna Pećina — Upper Gallery (Krk) in Primorje-Gorski Kotar, Krk Island, Croatia is a Middle to Upper Palaeolithic (100000–12000 BP) cave attributed to M…
🇪🇬 Egypt · Cave
Palace Jabal Cave
Moche (100–800 CE) · Moche
Palace Jabal Cave in Aswan Governorate, Egypt is a Moche (100–800 CE) cave attributed to Moche culture.
🇲🇽 Mexico · Rock art
Xochipala Region — Olmec Figurine Caves
Formative (1000–500 BCE) & Classic (500–700 CE) Xochipala · Olmec / Mezcala
Xochipala Region — Olmec Figurine Caves in Guerrero, Mexico is a Formative (1000–500 BCE) & Classic (500–700 CE) Xochipala rock_art attributed to Olmec / Mezcala.
🇮🇳 India · Rock-cut
Pitalkhora Caves — Aurangabad Basalt Vihara
Satavahana (200 BCE–300 CE) · Buddhist Hinayana and Mahayana
Pitalkhora Caves — Aurangabad Basalt Vihara in Maharashtra, India is a Satavahana (200 BCE–300 CE) rock_cut attributed to Buddhist Hinayana and Mahayana.
🇮🇳 India · Rock-cut
Jogeshwari Caves — Mumbai Cave Temple
Kalachuri (520–550 CE) · Shaivite Hindu
Jogeshwari Caves — Mumbai Cave Temple in Maharashtra, India is a Kalachuri (520–550 CE) rock_cut attributed to Shaivite Hindu.
🇮🇳 India · Rock-cut
Ambivali Caves — Kalyan Hinterland
Early Historic (100 BCE–500 CE) · Buddhist
Ambivali Caves — Kalyan Hinterland in Maharashtra, India is a Early Historic (100 BCE–500 CE) rock_cut attributed to Buddhist. Small Buddhist cave cluster near Ulhas river with 2 viharas and chaitya.
🇬🇷 Greece · Rock shelter
Boila Rockshelter
Late Upper Palaeolithic · Epigravettian
Small Epigravettian rockshelter in the Voidomatis Gorge, 2 km from Klithi, with 14,000–10,000 BP deposits including microliths, bone tools and faunal remains of ibex and chamois.
🇬🇷 Greece · Cave
Theopetra Cave Extension — West Chambers
Middle Palaeolithic to Neolithic · Mousterian / Upper Palaeolithic / Neolithic
Western chambers and exterior talus of Theopetra Cave, whose 130,000-year sequence documents Middle Palaeolithic to Neolithic.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Cave
Yarımburgaz Cave
Lower Palaeolithic to Middle Ages (c.400,000 BP–1400 CE) · Acheulean → Mousterian → Neolithic (Fikirtepe) → Byzantine
Bosphorus Palaeolithic twin cave (400 ka) with Acheulean and Fikirtepe burials on Küçükçekmece.
🇪🇸 Spain · Cave
Cueva de Tito Bustillo
Upper Palaeolithic (Magdalenian) · Magdalenian
Major Magdalenian cave on the Sella River with 12 galleries of polychrome paintings (c. 22,000–10,000 BP), including horses, reindeer and famous anthropomorph, plus habitation deposits.
🇺🇸 United States · Cave
Danger Cave
Great Basin Desert Culture (9000 BCE – 500 CE) · Desert Archaic / Fremont
Danger Cave in Utah, United States is a Great Basin Desert Culture (9000 BCE – 500 CE) cave attributed to Desert Archaic / Fremont culture.
🇷🇼 Rwanda · Cave
Nyanza Hill — Ancestral Cave Ancillary (Kigali, Rwanda)
Middle to Upper Palaeolithic (100000–12000 BP) · Mousterian / Upper Palaeolithic
Nyanza Hill — Ancestral Cave Ancillary (Kigali, Rwanda) in Southern Province, Nyanza, Rwanda is a Middle to Upper Palaeolithic (100000–12000 BP) cave attri…
🇬🇷 Greece · Cave
Klisoura Cave 1
Middle Palaeolithic to Mesolithic · Mousterian / Aurignacian / Epigravettian
Collapsed karstic cave and rockshelter in the Klisoura Gorge, Argolis, with 5 m deep trench divided into 14 stratigraphic units covering Middle Palaeolithic to Mesolithic (40,000–9,000 BP).
🇬🇷 Greece · Cave
Kleidi Cave
Upper Palaeolithic (Epigravettian) · Epigravettian
Epigravettian rock shelter in the Voidomatis Gorge, Konitsa, excavated 1983–1990 revealing Late Glacial hunter-gatherer occupations (16,000–10,000 BP) with microliths, faunal remains and early art…