🇺🇸 United States · Earthwork
Sloan Site
Paleo-Indian Dalton 8500–7900 BCE · Paleo-Indian Dalton (Sloan Dalton)
8,500 BCE Paleo-Indian cemetery, oldest in the Americas, 475 burials.
🇺🇿 Uzbekistan · Ancient city
Uzundara Fortress
Hellenistic Greco-Bactrian (c. late 4th–2nd cent BCE, Achaemenid precursor debated) · Greco-Bactrian (Alexander successor kingdom)
Greco-Bactrian frontier phrourion — 13-tower stone fortress locking Bactria–Sogdiana pass on Susiztag ridge.
🇬🇧 United Kingdom · Earthwork
Silbury Hill
Late Neolithic 2400–2300 BCE · Late Neolithic Britons (Grooved Ware)
Europe's tallest prehistoric mound – 39-m artificial hill with unknown purpose.
🇺🇸 United States · Earthwork
Mount Royal Archaeological Site
St Johns IIc–Mississippian 1050–1562 CE (midden 3000 BCE onward) · St Johns (Timucua ancestors)
St Johns platform mound 6.7 m with 300 m causeway and 6000-year midden, contacted 1562 by French.
🇺🇸 United States · Earthwork
Lake Jackson Mounds Archaeological State Park
Fort Walton Mississippian 1050–1500 CE · Fort Walton (Apalachee) Mississippian
Mississippian chiefdom capital on Lake Jackson with 11 m platform mound and famed repoussé copper plates.
🇧🇴 Bolivia · Geoglyph
Sajama Lines Secondary
Formative to Late Horizon 100–1532 CE (Inca road overlay) Sajama unknown chronology · High Altiplano pastoral (Sajama culture, pre-Inca to Inca)
Secondary network of Sajama Lines — largest geoglyph on Earth (16,000 km total): radial straight lines 2 m wide scraped to light soil converging on raised chullpa-shrine islands, visible only from…
🇺🇸 United States · Earthwork
Shiloh Indian Mounds National Historic Landmark
Early to Middle Mississippian 1000–1350 CE · Mississippian (Shiloh phase)
Palisaded 8-mound Mississippi River town on Tennessee River, 1000–1350 CE.
🇺🇸 United States · Earthwork
Liberty Earthworks
Middle Woodland Hopewell 100–350 CE · Hopewell tradition
Hopewell square 320 m with corner circles and Liberty Mound, Chillicothe cluster component.
🇺🇸 United States · Earthwork
Rock Hawk Effigy Mound
Woodland–Archaic 1000 BCE–1000 CE · Woodland peoples
30-m quartz hawk effigy on Oconee River, paired with Rock Eagle.
🇦🇺 Australia · Archaeological wonder
Budj Bim Cultural Landscape
Gunditjmara continuous 6,600–6,000 BCE to present (dated 6,700 BP Muldoon trap) · Gunditjmara Aboriginal Australian
Gunditjmara aquaculture over 6,600 years on Budj Bim basalt lava flow (30,000-year-old volcano) with 750 m of stone channels, weirs and eel traps (kooyang) manipulating Lake Condah wetlands.
🇺🇸 United States · Earthwork
Fort Walton Mound
Mississippian Fort Walton 1100–1550 CE · Fort Walton (Mississippian Pensacola variant)
Fort Walton culture temple mound on Choctawhatchee Bay, 1100–1550 CE.
🇺🇸 United States · Earthwork
Jaketown Site
Late Archaic–Poverty Point ca. 1700–1500 BCE · Poverty Point culture (Jaketown phase)
8-mound Poverty Point–related center, 1700–1500 BCE.
🇺🇸 United States · Earthwork
Newark Earthworks
Hopewell culture 100 BCE–500 CE · Hopewell (Adena descended, Algonquian? cohort)
Hopewell giant geometric enclosures marking 18.6-yr lunar cycle.
🇺🇸 United States · Earthwork
Winterville Mounds
Plaquemine Mississippian Coles Creek-Winterville 900–1450 CE · Coles Creek / Plaquemine
16.7 m truncated pyramid center of 23-mound plaza, 1200–1400 CE.
🇸🇪 Sweden · Earthwork
Torsburgen Hillfort (Gotland)
Early Iron Age to Viking Age (c.300 BCE–1100 CE) · Gotlandic Iron Age / Viking Age
Largest hillfort in Scandinavia at 1.2 km² plateau fortified by 2 km limestone wall across the narrow neck of a 67 m high limestone plateau.
🇺🇸 United States · Earthwork
Seal Township Earthworks
Middle Woodland Hopewell 50–350 CE · Hopewell tradition
Scioto bluff Hopewell enclosure triplet (circle-square-irregular) 45 km south of Chillicothe core.
🇬🇧 United Kingdom · Geoglyph
Uffington White Horse
Late Bronze Age 1380–550 BCE (OSL Brill 1995) · Late Bronze Age Britons, ritual landscape around Uffington Castle hillfort
110-m Bronze Age galloping horse on Downs - Britain's oldest hill figure 3000 years.
🇦🇺 Australia · Earthwork
Brewarrina Aboriginal Fish Traps (Baiame's Ngunnhu)
Aboriginal estimated 40,000 BP to historical (continuous); documented >3,000 years · Ngemba / Murrawarri / Ualkay Aboriginal
Estimated 40,000-year-old stone weir complex on Barwon River comprising four traps across 500 m with crescent stone walls 2.5 m high guiding fish into pens, attributed to ancestral creation being…
🇺🇿 Uzbekistan · Ancient city
Kurganzol Fortress
Hellenistic Greco-Bactrian (c.3rd–2nd cent BCE) · Greco-Bactrian
Greco-Bactrian hilltop watch-post visually linked to Uzundara — frontier limes above Kugitang valley.
🇨🇳 China · Archaeological wonder
Badaling Great Wall
Ming Dynasty 1505 (Jiajing) rebuild over Northern Qi core · Ming Han Chinese
Best-preserved Ming Great Wall pass (1505) at 1,015 m Juyongguan defile north of Beijing, 7.8 m high crenellated brick-stone ramparts with 19 watchtowers, widened for five horses abreast and beacon…
🇺🇸 United States · Earthwork
Letchworth-Love Mounds Archaeological State Park
Woodland Weeden Island 200–800 CE · Weeden Island (Swift Creek)
14 m platform mound, largest Woodland mound in Florida, 200–800 CE.
🇺🇸 United States · Earthwork
Miamisburg Mound
Early Woodland Adena 1000–200 BCE · Adena
Second-largest conical mound in Ohio (65 ft/20 m high, 877 ft circumference) and tallest surviving Adena mound, preserved at Miamisburg Mound State Park.
🇨🇱 Chile · Geoglyph
Atacama Giant
Late Intermediate 900–1450 CE · Atacameño / Pica-Tarapacá culture influenced by Tiwanaku
World's largest anthropomorphic geoglyph: 119-m hill figure marking caravan trails.
🇺🇸 United States · Earthwork
Moundville Archaeological Park
Mississippian 1000–1450 CE, apogee 1200–1350 CE · Mississippian (ancestral Choctaw/Chickasaw)
29-mound plaza center with grand chief's platform mound above Black Warrior River.