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🇱🇾 Libya · Fortified city
Garamantian Early (900–500 BCE pre-Garma) · Early Garamantian hillfort → Garamantian state origin
Zinchecra excavated by Mattingly 1990s, earliest Garamantian fort prior to valley Garama.
🇱🇾 Libya · Fortified city
Garamantian to Early Islamic (500 BCE–1500 CE layered) · Garamantian → Arab Jarma
Jarma excavated by Daniels, Islamic layered above Garamantian capital mound.
🇱🇾 Libya · Ancient city
Greek Archaic (510 BCE Battus II colonization) → Byzantine Justinian wall 530 CE · Greek Cyrene colonization Dorieus? Taucheira 510 BCE
Tocra Boardman 1950s Taucheira Greek 510.
