🇨🇳 China · Rock-cut
Xiangtangshan Grottoes — Echo Hall Mountains
Northern Dynasties to Tang (550 – 907 CE) · Northern Qi, Sui, Tang
Handan limestone 38 Northern Qi caves with 30-cm undercut floating drape 550–577 CE.
🇨🇳 China · Rock-cut
Xiangtangshan South Caves — Fengfeng Echoing Hall Peak
Northern Dynasties to Tang · Northern Qi Xianbei-Han Buddhist
Handan south hill 3 limestone caves with 550 CE Amitabha Western Paradise (Freer) and central pillar, Northern Qi.
🇨🇳 China · Rock-cut
Tianlongshan Grottoes — Heavenly Dragon Mountain
Northern Dynasties to Tang (550 – 907 CE) · Northern Qi, Sui, Tang (central Shanxi Buddhist)
Taiyuan 25 caves with Northern Qi wet-drape bodhisattvas 550–907 CE.
🇨🇳 China · Rock-cut
Tianlongshan Grottoes — Southern Peak South Caves
Eastern Wei–Northern Qi–Tang (Six Dynasties to Tang) · Eastern Wei Xianbei sinicized; Tang Shanxi Buddhist
Shanxi 25 caves 534–907: south peak Cave 11 Maitreya assembly with thin-line and Japanese-return Bodhisattva.