🇷🇺 Russia · Rock art
Chuya Steppe — Kosh-Agach Geoglyph Petroglyphs
Iron Age to Medieval · Pazyryk-Scythian, Xiongnu, Turkic, Mongol
Kosh-Agach Chuya steppe 1750 m with 800 petroglyphs, Pazyryk deer-stone stag and 80-ibex super-panel.
🇺🇦 Ukraine · Rock art
Kamyana Mohyla (Stone Grave)
Late Palaeolithic to Medieval (20 ka BCE – 12th c. CE) · Epipalaeolithic, Sredny Stog, Yamna, Catacomb, Scythian, Sarmatian, Turkic steppe cultures
Azov steppe sandstone hill with 87 grottoes and 3,000 petroglyphs from Palaeolithic to Turkic.
🇲🇳 Mongolia · Rock art
Orkhon Valley Petroglyphs — Kharkhorin Fringe
Bronze Age to Mongol (Deer stone–Xiongnu–Turkic–Uyghur–Mongol) · Steppe nomadic: Bronze Deer stone culture, Xiongnu, First Turkic Khaganate, Uyghur, Mongol
Orkhon steppe 300 panels Bronze deer-stags to Turkic tamga 1500 BCE–1200 CE on Kharkhorin fringe, UNESCO buffer 1081.
🇰🇿 Kazakhstan · Rock art
Tamgaly-Tas III Upper Terrace Ili Petroglyphs
Early Nomadic · Saka, Wusun, Kangju
Upper second terrace 500 m inland with Saka animal style settlement context.
🇺🇦 Ukraine · Rock art
Kamennyye Mogily South Ridge Petroglyphs
Mesolithic to Bronze Age · Kukrek, Sredny Stog, Yamnaya and Catacomb
South ridge of Kamyana Mohyla sandstone hill with 30 grottoes, Mesolithic–Bronze Age pecked aurochs and horse-heads.
🇺🇦 Ukraine · Rock art
Kamennyye Mogily South Ridge — Petryn Gully
Eneolithic to Early Bronze Age · Sredny Stog, Yamnaya, Catacomb
Southernmost sandstone outlier of Kamyana Mohyla island-hill, a low dome 200 m south of the main conglomerate mass exposing 12 shallow grottoes along Petryn Gully.
🇺🇦 Ukraine · Rock art
Kamennyye Mogily North Gully Petroglyphs
Early Bronze Age · Catacomb (Katakombnaya)
North gully 350 m north of Kamyana Mohyla with Catacomb geometric masks and wagon panels.
🇺🇦 Ukraine · Rock art
Kamennyye Mogily West Gully Petroglyphs
Mesolithic to Bronze Age (8000 BCE – 1500 BCE) · Pontic Steppe hunter-gatherer to Yamna/Catacomb
West gully offshoots of Azov Stone Graves with bull and horse pecked panels.
🇺🇦 Ukraine · Rock art
Kamennyye Mogily East Sandstone Plateau
Eneolithic to Early Bronze Age · Sredny Stog, Yamnaya
East plateau of Kamyana Mohyla with 18 grottoes, Eneolithic stag and foot-sole pecked slabs.
🇺🇿 Uzbekistan · Rock art
Sarmishsay Gorge Petroglyphs
Neolithic to Iron Age (Kelteminar to Yaz-I) · Kelteminar, Zamanbaba, Andronovo and Bactria-Margiana pastoralists
Karatau gorge with 10,000 petroglyphs 5000–1000 BCE, Uzbekistan's largest rock-art ensemble.
🇷🇺 Russia · Rock art
Sayan Canyon Petroglyphs — Great Yenisey
Early Bronze to Medieval (Okunevo to Tagar to Yeniseian Kyrgyz runic) · Okunevo, Andronovo, Karasuk, Tagar Scythian, Yenisei Kyrgyz
Yenisey Sayan Gorge 200 panels Okunevo masks to Tagar scythians 2800 BCE–700 CE, half drowned by Sayano dam.
🇰🇿 Kazakhstan · Rock art
Tamgaly Petroglyphs
Bronze Age to early nomadic (~2000 BCE – 1000 CE) · Andronovo, Karasuk, Saka and Turkic nomadic
Arid gorge in the Chu-Ili massif preserving five major groups with over 5,000 petroglyphs, famed for anthropomorphic sun-headed figures up to 80 cm tall with rayed haloes.
🇨🇳 China · Rock art
Yinshan Rock Art
Neolithic to Qing (6000 BCE – 1800 CE) · Yangshao, Ordos, Xiongnu, Xianbei, Turkic, Mongol
Inner Mongolian 300-km granite gallery 15,000 masks and Ordos chariots 6 ka BCE–Qing.
🇷🇺 Russia · Rock art
Kalbak-Tash II Yaloman South Rock
Bronze Age to Early Medieval · Andronovo, Saka, Turkic
South-facing Yaloman cliff 5 km west of Kalbak-Tash main, with Andronovo two-spoked chariots and 12 Turkic tamga slabs overlaying earlier elk.
🇲🇳 Mongolia · Rock art
Tsagaan Salaa North Ridge Rock Art
Bronze Age to Early Medieval · Andronovo, Saka, Turkic
North ridge of Tsagaan Salaa valley exposing 200+ Bronze Age horse-herd processions and Early Kalgutinsky ibex, part of 20 km Tsagaan Salaa–Baga Oigor complex dated Late Pleistocene–Turkic.
🇺🇦 Ukraine · Rock art
Kamyana Mohyla North Grotto — Melitopol North Shelter Group
Mesolithic to Medieval (9000 BCE – 1200 CE) · Azov steppe pastoral to Nogai Turkic
North end shelters with cart/chariot and Turkic tamga palimpsest.
🇨🇳 China · Rock art
Yinshan Wulashan Table Mountain — Southern Scarp Petroglyphs
Neolithic to Xiongnu–Han (3000 BCE – 200 BCE) · Hetao farming to steppe nomad Xiongnu transition
South scarp with 800+ vehicle and mask panels above Hetao bend at 1850 m.
🇷🇺 Russia · Rock art
Kalbak-Tash II Yaloman Central Panel
Bronze Age to Early Medieval · Andronovo, Saka, Turkic
Central Yaloman terrace 200 m above Chuya at 723 km tract, a 40-m-wide sandstone cliff with 180 peckings of Kalgutinsky elk, Saka deer-masks and Turkic horsemen.
🇨🇳 China · Rock art
Kangjiashimenzi Petroglyphs
Bronze Age to Early Iron Age (2000–500 BCE) · Andronovo-related Chemurchek, early nomadic Saka/Xiongnu
Northern Tianshan schist cliff 120-m with masked shaman fertility dance 1000 BCE.
🇨🇳 China · Rock art
Kangjiashimenzi Rock Art - Tianshan Corridor
Bronze Age c.1500–1000 BCE · Eurasian Steppe (Andronovo-Cherkaskul?)
Kangjiashimenzi – Bronze Age (c.1500–1000 BCE) 120m-long reddish sandstone cliff with 300+ dancing ithyphallic figures linked to shamanic fertility ritual.
🇦🇷 Argentina · Geoglyph
Sierra Pintada Geoglyphs
Late pre-Hispanic Agrelo-Viluco · Huarpe-Pehuenche
30 austral basalt geoglyphs (900-1500 CE) on Sierra Pintada, southernmost Andean desert lines at 37S.
🇲🇳 Mongolia · Rock art
Tsagaan Salaa Central Panel
Upper Palaeolithic to Early Bronze · Palaeolithic Kalgutinsky, Afanasievo, Chemurchek, Okunev
Mid-valley of Tsagaan Salaa with Late Pleistocene bulls under Bronze elk on same boulders.
🇲🇳 Mongolia · Rock art
Tsagaan Salaa Southwest Baga Oigor
Middle Bronze to Orkhon Turkic · Andronovo, Karasuk, Pazyryk, Turkic
Southwest lower gorge with Bronze sun-heads to Turkic tamgas gateway.
🇨🇳 China · Rock art
Helan Mountains Suyukou South Rock Art
Early Bronze to Yuan · Qiang, Xiongnu, Xianbei, Mongol (Helan corridor pastoralists)
South Suyukou gully 4 km south of Helankou with 600 shamanic mask petroglyphs.