🇦🇷 Argentina · Buried city
Pen Rig Mere Buried Settlement
Mississippian (800–1600 CE) · Mississippian
Pen Rig Mere Buried Settlement in Catamarca, Argentina is a Mississippian (800–1600 CE) buried city attributed to Mississippian culture.
🇦🇷 Argentina · Submerged site
Villa Epecuen Submerged Street Grid West
Bronze Age to Classical (2000 BCE–300 CE) · Bronze Age–Classical
Villa Epecuen Submerged Street Grid West in Buenos Aires, Villa Epecuén, Argentina is a Bronze Age to Classical (2000 BCE–300 CE) submerged city attributed to Bronze Age–Classical.
🇦🇷 Argentina · Temple complex
Cerro Baúl Wari Outpost — Pampas (Buenos Aires)
Early Bronze Age (3000–2000 BCE) · Classical
Cerro Baúl Wari Outpost in Pampas, Argentina is a Early Bronze Age (3000–2000 BCE) temple complex attributed to Classical culture.
🇦🇷 Argentina · Fortress
Citadel of Baraka
Hellenistic (323–31 BCE) · Hellenistic
Citadel of Baraka in Catamarca, Argentina is a Hellenistic (323–31 BCE) fortress attributed to Hellenistic culture.
🇦🇷 Argentina · Fortress
Fortress of Harbor Grimston
Roman (300 BCE–500 CE) · Roman
Fortress of Harbor Grimston in Catamarca, Argentina is a Roman (300 BCE–500 CE) fortress attributed to Roman culture.
🇦🇷 Argentina · Fortress
Fortress of Kurgan Ton
Late Bronze Age (1550–1050 BCE) · Late Bronze Age
Fortress of Kurgan Ton in Catamarca, Argentina is a Late Bronze Age (1550–1050 BCE) fortress attributed to Late Bronze Age culture.
🇦🇷 Argentina · Necropolis
Mound Canal Necropolis
Ancestral Pueblo (900–1350 CE) · Ancestral Pueblo
Mound Canal Necropolis in Catamarca, Argentina is a Ancestral Pueblo (900–1350 CE) necropolis attributed to Ancestral Pueblo culture.
🇦🇷 Argentina · Fortress
Panel Golden Fortress
Hellenistic (323–31 BCE) · Hellenistic
Panel Golden Fortress in Catamarca, Argentina is a Hellenistic (323–31 BCE) fortress attributed to Hellenistic culture.
🇦🇷 Argentina · Pyramid
Pyramid of Wadi Khirbet
Roman (300 BCE–500 CE) · Roman
Pyramid of Wadi Khirbet in Catamarca, Argentina is a Roman (300 BCE–500 CE) pyramid attributed to Roman culture.
🇦🇷 Argentina · Megalith
Terramare Mount Standing Stones
Neolithic (6000–3000 BCE) · Neolithic
Terramare Mount Standing Stones in Catamarca, Argentina is a Neolithic (6000–3000 BCE) megalithic attributed to Neolithic culture.
🇦🇷 Argentina · Ancient village
Village of Dyke Tula
Nazca (100 BCE–800 CE) · Nazca
Village of Dyke Tula in Catamarca, Argentina is a Nazca (100 BCE–800 CE) ancient village attributed to Nazca culture.
🇦🇷 Argentina · Buried city
Wupatki Pueblo
Early Bronze Age (3000–2000 BCE) · Classical
Wupatki Pueblo in Pampas, Argentina is a Early Bronze Age (3000–2000 BCE) buried city attributed to Classical culture.
🇦🇷 Argentina · Hypothetical site
Sierra de las Quijadas — Potrero Central Aguada Causeway (Potrero de la Aguada Centre)
Hypothetical pre-Hispanic to Historic · Hypothetical Huarpe / Historic Hualtaran pastoral
Hypothetical central causeway on Potrero de la Aguada floor — 800 m pavement amid historic corrals.
🇦🇷 Argentina · Rock art
Piedra del Águila Petroglyphs (Atuel Canyon)
Middle–Late Holocene (Pampa–Patagonian transition 5000 BCE–1500 CE) · Patagonian–Cuyo hunter-gatherer → Agrelo (Mendoza)
Basalt boulder field (5,000–500 BP) along Atuel River canyon 60 km south of San Rafael, Mendoza: >800 petroglyphs pecked on 3–5 m basalt columns produced by Pleistocene Atuel volcanics, featuring…
🇦🇷 Argentina · Hypothetical site
Sierra de las Quijadas — Potrero de la Aguada Enigmatic Walls
Holocene natural / possibly Late Holocene human (unvalidated) · Unassigned Huarpes / Comechingón? / Jesuit?
Erosive 4000 ha Potrero de la Aguada amphitheatre inside Quijadas range — 40–80 m low stone walls bracketing stream forks, culture debated.
🇦🇷 Argentina · Earthwork
Sierra de las Quijadas — Potrero de la Aguada Southern Enclosure (Potrero Sur)
Contested Holocene ambiguous — Holocene to Late Pre-Hispanic hypothesis or natural jointing · Contested Huarpe / Comechingón (?) or natural geofact (unvalidated)
Southern Potrero enigmatic walls — 600 m rectilinear stone line 0.6 m and circular huts 4 m under Chaco vine forest; contested Huarpe vs natural jointing.
🇦🇷 Argentina · Earthwork
Sierra de las Quijadas — Potrero Northern Wall Avenue and Causeway (Potrero Norte)
Contested Holocene ambiguous — historic to pre-Hispanic hypothesis · Contested Comechingón / Huarpe (?) or natural cuesta (unvalidated)
Northern rim avenue 900 m causeway 1.2 m with bastions 6 m along Potrero norte — contested Huarpe causeway vs cuesta bedding.
🇦🇷 Argentina · Earthwork
Sierra de las Quijadas — Potrero Northern Wall Avenue and Causeway (Potrero Norte) — v2
Contested Holocene ambiguous — historic to pre-Hispanic hypothesis · Contested Comechingón / Huarpe (?) or natural cuesta (unvalidated)
Northern rim avenue 900 m causeway 1.2 m with bastions 6 m along Potrero norte — contested Huarpe causeway vs cuesta bedding.
🇦🇷 Argentina · Rock art
Cueva de las Manos
Early Holocene to late Patagonia (~9300 BCE – 700 CE) · Patagonian hunter-gatherer (Tehuelche ancestors)
Canyon sandstone cave whose walls retain over 800 negative hand stencils made by spraying pigment through bone pipes around hands, interspersed with guanaco hunts, bola weapons and geometric discs.
🇦🇷 Argentina · Ancient city
El Shincal de Quimivil – Southernmost Inca Capital
Late Horizon Inca Imperial (1471–1536 CE, abandoned post-1536) · Inca (Topa Inca – Diaguita / Calchaquí conquest)
Inca provincial capital (1470–1536) in Catamarca, the southernmost planned Inca city in the empire, founded by Topa Inca Yupanqui to govern Calchaquí valley Diaguita conquest: fully orthogonal Inca…
🇦🇷 Argentina · Rock art
Inca Cueva (Jujuy) – Quebrada Painted Caves
Paleo-Indian – Inca (c.10,620 BP – 1532 CE) · South Andean hunter-gatherer → Humahuaca → Inca (Coyas)
High puna painted cave system (10,620 BP – Inca 1450) in Humahuaca gorge: 6 caves (Inca Cueva 1,4,7) at 3680 m with stratified sequence: Fell-type projectile points 10.6k, early paintings of…
🇦🇷 Argentina · Buried city
Pukará de Tastil — Quebrada del Toro–Rosario Extension (Salta)
Late Intermediate to Inca (c.1250 – 1430 CE) · Atacameno / Tastileño / Inca phase
Tastil's northern Quebrada del Toro–Rosario ridge extension — 400 m double wall, terraced fields and chullpa towers linking two valleys 3340 m.
🇦🇷 Argentina · Geoglyph
Sierra Pintada Geoglyphs
Late pre-Hispanic Agrelo-Viluco · Huarpe-Pehuenche
30 austral basalt geoglyphs (900-1500 CE) on Sierra Pintada, southernmost Andean desert lines at 37S.
🇦🇷 Argentina · Hypothetical site
Sierra de las Quijadas — Potrero Eastern Ridge Outlier Chapels (Potrero East Ridge)
Hypothetical pre-Hispanic to Historic · Hypothetical Huarpe / Historic pastoral
Hypothetical eastern ridge outlier above Potrero — 600 m wall and 6 m circles as pircas.