🇸🇾 Syria · Ancient village
El Kowm (Tell El Kowm 2 – Caracol)
PPNB to Halaf (8000–5500 BCE) · Steppe PPNB → Halaf-Ubaid (Palmyrene)
Palmyrene desert oasis PPNB village cluster around artesian spring, desert Neolithisation laboratory.
🇸🇾 Syria · Pyramid
Tell Mozan — Urkesh Pyramid Temple
Early Bronze to Middle Bronze Age (2600–1350 BCE, Hurrian Urkesh) · Hurrian (Urkesh)
Tell Mozan — Urkesh Pyramid Temple in Al-Hasakah Governorate, Tell Mozan (ancient Urkesh), Syria is a Early Bronze to Middle Bronze Age (2600–1350 BCE, Hurrian Urkesh) pyramid/mound site attributed…
🇸🇾 Syria · Pyramid
Tell Sabi Abyad Mound — Balikh
Late Neolithic, Halaf–Ubaid transition (6200–5200 BCE) · Halaf culture (type-site region)
Tell Sabi Abyad Mound — Balikh in Raqqa Governorate, Balikh Valley (Tell Sabi Abyad), Syria is a Late Neolithic, Halaf–Ubaid transition (6200–5200 BCE) pyramid/mound site attributed to Halaf culture…
🇸🇾 Syria · Hydraulic works
Qasr al-Hayr Upper Spring Canal — Palmyra Steppe Upper Bisayta Canal
Umayyad (727 CE Hisham) · Umayyad
Upper spring canal 6 km northeast of Qasr al-Hayr al-Gharbi palace (620 m) feeding into main Gharbi 11-km canal (already in DB as qasr-al-hayr-al-gharbi-canal).
🇸🇾 Syria · Pyramid
Tell Hazna Mound — Syria Balikh
Late Chalcolithic (3500–3000 BCE, pre-Uruk) · Late Chalcolithic north Mesopotamian
Tell Hazna Mound — Syria Balikh in Raqqa Governorate, Balikh Valley (Tell Hazna I), Syria is a Late Chalcolithic (3500–3000 BCE, pre-Uruk) pyramid/mound site attributed to Late Chalcolithic north…
🇸🇾 Syria · Hydraulic works
Qasr Al-Hayr Al-Gharbi Canal (Hir Azraq Canal to Palmyra Steppe Palace)
Umayyad (Hisham ibn Abd al-Malik) · Umayyad steppe palace culture
Hayr Gharbi: 16-km Umayyad 727 CE limestone canal from Harbaka Dam to steppe palace 34.52N 38.12E.
🇸🇾 Syria · Tell
Tell Halula
Middle PPNB to Halaf-Ubaid (8500–5500 BCE) · Middle Euphrates PPNB → Halaf
Middle Euphrates PPNB–Ubaid sequence tell with fingerprint-on-figurine craft study.
🇸🇾 Syria · Ancient city
Tell Bi'a (Tuttul)
Early Bronze to Old Babylonian (Ebla to Hammurabi) · Semitic Ebla-Mari–Akkadian world, Dagan cult
Holy city of god Dagan at Euphrates-Balikh mouth, tell Bi'a = Early Dynastic Tuttul (c.2600–1700 BCE) where Ebla tablets locate Dagan's oracle and Sargon of Akkad stopped for blessing.
🇸🇾 Syria · Tell
Tell Afis (Afis)
Chalcolithic through Iron III; EB-MBA peak · Syrian EBA → Amorite → Mitanni/Hittite → Aramaean Luash
Idlib tell (26 ha) with Neolithic–Iron III sequence, MBA walls and Iron Temple of the Luash dynasty — findspot of Zakkur Stele, Hittite-period storage horizon.
🇸🇾 Syria · Ancient city
Tell Halaf (Guzana)
Halaf Late Neolithic (Ubaid predecessor) to Iron Age Neo-Hittite Aramaean · Halaf painted ware → Aramaean Syro-Hittite (Kapara, Bit Bahiani)
Double-significance mound: type-site of Halaf culture Late Neolithic mass-produced painted pottery (c.6100–5400 BCE) that spread from Zagros to Mediterranean — defined 1911 by Oppenheim/ Schmidt; and…
🇸🇾 Syria · Archaeological wonder
Harrat Al-Sham Kite Cluster (Syrian–Jordanian Harra Ridge)
PPN to Chalcolithic · Harra Neolithic lava-field hunters
Harrat al-Sham cross-border: 7 lava-levee kites linear 6.2 km on harra ridge crest.
🇸🇾 Syria · Ancient city
Jebel Aruda
Late Uruk (LC5) · Uruk colony cult centre
Uruk hill-citadel (c.3500–3300 BCE) perched 160 m above Euphrates on limestone jebel opposite Habuba — sacred twin controlling Uruk colony from above.
🇸🇾 Syria · Pyramid
Tell Ajaja (Ancient Shadikanni) — Neo-Assyrian Palace Mound and Temple Terrace
Early Bronze to Neo-Assyrian (2500–609 BCE) · Hurrian–Mitanni to Neo-Assyrian
Multi-period tell 30 m high on Khabur bend, capital of Shadikanni kingdom (1050–600 BCE) succeeded by Neo-Assyrian palace terrace (Adad-nirari II to Ashurbanipal).
🇸🇾 Syria · Tell
Tell Tuqan Southern Rampart
EB IV to Iron Age (2500 BCE–800 BCE) · EB IV Amorite → Middle Bronze Yamhad → Late Bronze Hittite/Mittani → Iron Age Luwian
Tell Tuqan Southern Rampart is the 12-m-high earthen rampart sealing the 35-ha Middle Bronze walled city 35 km east of Maarrat al-Numan.
🇸🇾 Syria · Tell
Tell Ahmar — North Palace Buried (Til Barsip, Syria)
Chalcolithic to Bronze Age (4500–1200 BCE) · Chalcolithic–Early Bronze
Tell Ahmar — North Palace Buried (Til Barsip, Syria) in Aleppo, Tell Ahmar, Til Barsip, Syria is a Chalcolithic to Bronze Age (4500–1200 BCE) tell attribut…
🇸🇾 Syria · Tell
Tell ʿAbr 3
Early Neolithic PPNA (c.9600–8800 BCE) · PPNA Euphrates village culture (with Jerf el Ahmar and Tell Qaramel)
PPNA farming village with painted communal building and rye-cultivation proof, drowned by Tishrin Dam.
🇸🇾 Syria · Tell
Tell Aswad
Pre-Pottery Neolithic B · Damascene PPNB (Aswadian)
PPNB mega-village (8700–7500 BCE, ~18 ha at peak) in the Damascus basin/ Ghuta, irrigated by the Barada, considered the place of the earliest fully domesticated emmer wheat and barley in the world.
🇸🇾 Syria · Ancient city
Dura-Europos
Hellenistic-Parthian-Roman · Seleucid → Parthian → Roman
Macedonian-Euphrates cliff city (303 BCE–256 CE) called 'Pompeii of the Desert' — garrison of Parthian-Roman frontier buried under a Roman siege embankment that preserved the world's earliest…
🇸🇾 Syria · Pyramid
Tell Afis — Iron Age Temple Terrace and Acropolis Mound (Syria)
Early Bronze to Iron Age II (2500–700 BCE) · Amorite–Hittite–Aramean (Luhuti / Assyrian)
Tall acropolis tell 20 m high with second-millennium Middle Bronze palace and Late Bronze temple, capped by Iron Age I (Aramean) 30x22 m ashlar temple terrace — proto-pyramidal podium for storm-god…
🇸🇾 Syria · Tell
Tell Halaf — North Palace Annex (Khabur)
Chalcolithic to Bronze Age (4500–1200 BCE) · Chalcolithic–Early Bronze
Tell Halaf — North Palace Annex (Khabur) in Al-Hasakah, Ras al-Ayn, Tell Halaf, Syria is a Chalcolithic to Bronze Age (4500–1200 BCE) tell attributed to Ch…
🇸🇾 Syria · Pyramid
Little Aleppo Platform Outer — Aleppo (53-35)
Medieval (regional) · Medieval
Little Aleppo Platform Outer — Aleppo (53-35) at Aleppo, Syria is a Medieval (regional) pyramid of the Medieval tradition, built c. 1800 BCE for platform and associated settlement.
🇸🇾 Syria · Hydraulic works
Resafa (Sergiopolis) — North Basilica Cistern B
Early Bronze to Medieval (3000 BCE–1400 CE) · Hydraulic culture
Resafa (Sergiopolis) — North Basilica Cistern B in Raqqa, Resafa, Syria is a Early Bronze to Medieval (3000 BCE–1400 CE) hydraulic attributed to Hydraulic …
🇸🇾 Syria · Ancient city
Tell Beydar (Nabada)
Early Bronze Age Ej II–IVa (Jezirah Early Dynastic to Akkadian) · North Mesopotamian Kish tradition, Semitic (Nabada Akkadian)
Circular walled 3rd-millennium city Nabada (c.2900–2200 BCE, Early Jezirah III), 28 ha upper town + lower town 20 ha, centre of western Jezirah after Tell Brak.
🇸🇾 Syria · Ancient city
Tell Barri (Kahat)
Early Bronze to Mitanni to Assyrian to Parthian · Hurrian Mitanni → Middle Assyrian
Stratified Jezirah tell Kahat (c.3000 BCE–1400 CE, peak Mitanni capital c.1500–1360 BCE and Assyrian Kahat) on Jaghjagh mid-Khabur.