🇹🇷 Turkey · Temple complex
Stratonikeia and Lagina Sanctuary of Hekate
Hellenistic to Roman Imperial 281 BCE–300 CE · Seleucid Greek over Carian; later Roman
Seleucid league city and Hekate crossroads sanctuary linked by 8 km sacred way with frieze.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Ancient city
Altıntepe
Urartian Kingdom 8th–6th century BCE (late empire western frontier) · Urartian → Median → Achaemenid
Argishti II's Euphrates citadel with pillared hall, subterranean passage and ivory tombs.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Ancient city
Arslantepe (Malatya)
Late Chalcolithic to Neo-Hittite (5000 BCE–700 BCE; palace phase 3400–3000 BCE; Neo-Hittite 1200–712 BCE) · Late Chalcolithic / Kura-Araxes / Hittite / Neo-Hittite
Tell city type site for emergence of state and palace economy (3400–3000 BCE): Late Chalcolithic palace (Room A 900) with wall paintings, storerooms with mass-produced bowls, sword hoard (earliest…
🇹🇷 Turkey · Tell
Bakla Tepe
EBA (c.3000-2000 BCE) · Western Anatolian EBA (Troy I-II, Yortan sphere)
Bakla Tepe — buried eba tell/village at İzmir Province.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Cave
Girmeler Cave
Epipalaeolithic to Early Chalcolithic (c.14,000–5500 BCE) · Anatolian Epipalaeolithic → Aceramic Neolithic → Chalcolithic
Lycian karst cave (14 ka) with Epipalaeolithic burials to Aceramic Neolithic herding above Fethiye.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Temple complex
Labranda Sanctuary of Zeus Labraundos
Hecatomnid Classical 380–330 BCE · Carian (Hecatomnid satrapal) Greek-Anatolian hybrid
Carian mountain Zeus sanctuary of Mausolus with double-axe cult and 14 km sacred road.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Tell
Keşan Höyük
Middle–Late Bronze (2000–1200 BCE) · Thracian Bronze Age
Middle–Late Bronze (2000–1200 BCE) Thracian Bronze Age tell at Edirne Province, Thrace – thracian bronze age mound on thracian plain (dims Mound 6 m high, Bronze deposits with Troy imports).
🇹🇷 Turkey · Tell
Kumtepe
EBA (c.3000-2000 BCE) · Western Anatolian EBA (Troy I-II, Yortan sphere)
Kumtepe — buried eba tell/village at Çanakkale Province.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Tell
Şeyh Höyük (Kilis)
Early Bronze (3000–2200 BCE) · EB Levantine (Amuq F–G)
Early Bronze (3000–2200 BCE) EB Levantine (Amuq F–G) tell at Kilis Province – eb hamlet on basalt ridge south of oylum (dims Mound 100×80 m, 6 m EB).
🇹🇷 Turkey · Ancient city
Alalakh (Tell Atchana)
Middle to Late Bronze Age (c.2000–1200 BCE; Level VII palace 1650–1600 BCE) · Amorite / Yamhad / Hittite / Mitanni
Bronze Age capital of Mukish kingdom in Amuq plain, Alalakh yielded Levels VII–0 (Middle–Late Bronze) with cuneiform archives of King Idrimi's inscription (statue autobiography), Yarim-Lim palace,…
🇹🇷 Turkey · Tell
Coba Höyük (Sakçagözü)
EBA-Iron Age (c.3000-700 BCE) · Amuq/Syro-Hittite (Amuq A-J to Iron Age Patina)
Coba Höyük (Sakçagözü) — buried eba-iron tell/village at Gaziantep Province.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Fortified city
Büyükkaya
Chalcolithic to Iron Age (c.5500 BCE–600 CE; Hittite capital eastern quarters) · Chalcolithic → Hittite Empire → Phrygian → Iron Age polity → Byzantine
Eastern citadel of Hittite Hattusa on Budaközü gorge — silos and Iron Age polity above Boğazköy.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Cave
Karain Cave
Lower Palaeolithic to Byzantine (500,000 BP–1200 CE) · Tayacian/Clactonian → Acheulean → Mousterian → Upper Palaeolithic
Anatolia's oldest cave (500 ka) at Antalya — Tayacian to Mousterian with Neanderthal and hippo fauna.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Tell
İmamoğlu Höyük
EBA-Iron Age (c.3000-700 BCE) · Amuq/Syro-Hittite (Amuq A-J to Iron Age Patina)
İmamoğlu Höyük — buried eba-iron tell/village at Gaziantep Province.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Tell
Tell Kurdu
EBA-Iron Age (c.3000-700 BCE) · Amuq/Syro-Hittite (Amuq A-J to Iron Age Patina)
Tell Kurdu — buried eba-iron tell/village at Hatay Province.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Tell
Sos Höyük
Chalcolithic to Medieval (c.4500 BCE–1453 CE; Kura-Araxes from 3500 BCE) · Chalcolithic → Kura-Araxes (Karaz) → Early Transcaucasian → Urartian → Medieval
Transcaucasian gateway mound (4500 BCE–1453 CE) with 6 ka Kura-Araxes to Seljuk sequence at Erzurum.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Cave
Üçağızlı Cave
Initial Upper Palaeolithic to Epipalaeolithic (c.43,000–17,000 BP) · Early Ahmarian → Aurignacian (Levantine IUP)
Hatay sea cave (43 ka) — Initial Upper Palaeolithic Ahmarian with Nassarius beads.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Megalith
Taş Tepeler Network – Karahan & Sefer Tepe etc.
PPN A/B 9600–8000 BCE · Taş Tepeler PPN
Umbrella for 12 PPN hilltop sanctuaries (Karahan, Göbekli, Sayburç, Çakmaktepe, Sefer Tepe etc.) being excavated 2019-present, revealing 250+ T-pillars region-wide, reshaping Neolithisation model.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Megalith
Karahan Tepe
Pre-Pottery Neolithic · Taş Tepeler PPN
Major Taş Tepeler sister site to Göbekli Tepe, ~15 ha with quarries, 266 T-pillars and special building with 11 pillars and phallic/human-head statuary. Reveals 12-site hilltop sanctuary network.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Ancient village
Çatalhöyük
Neolithic to Chalcolithic (PPNB-derived) · Anatolian Neolithic (Catalhoyuk East/West)
Largest Neolithic proto-city (7500–5700 BCE) with 18 settlement levels, mud-brick houses entered via roofs, wall paintings, bull bucrania and earliest landscape painting. Population up to 8,000.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Ancient village
Chatalhöyük West Mound detail (duplicate placeholder)
Chalcolithic · Chalcolithic Anatolia
Duplicate for completeness – see Çatalhöyük main entry; West Mound Chalcolithic extension (6000–5600 BCE).