🇺🇸 United States · Earthwork
Anderson Mounds
Middle Woodland Hopewell–Adena 250 BCE–200 CE · Hopewell tradition (Adena antecedent)
Hopewell circular enclosure and Great Mound, 250 BCE–200 CE.
🇸🇩 Sudan · Temple complex
Musawwarat es-Sufra — Great Enclosure and Lion Temple
Meroitic (300 BCE–300 CE Great Enclosure; Lion Temple 230 BCE Arnekhamani) · Meroitic (Arnekhamani, Amanitore) with elephant training centre
Musawwarat excavated by Hintze 1960–, Apedemak lion temple and elephant ramp.
🇨🇳 China · Hydraulic works
Rock-Cut Tomb Cluster Misc 55 — China Region 7
Period Iron Age · Regional culture Misc-Hydraulic
Rock-Cut Tomb Cluster Misc 55 — China Region 7 in China Region 7, China is a Bronze Age hydraulic with stratified deposits and regional significance. Excavations reveal architectural phasing.
🇪🇹 Ethiopia · Tumulus
Tumulus Cemetery Africa 36 — Ethiopia Region 12
Period Late Holocene · Regional culture Africa-Tumulus
Tumulus Cemetery Africa 36 — Ethiopia Region 12 in Ethiopia Region 12, Ethiopia is a Neolithic tumulus with stratified deposits and regional significance. Excavations reveal architectural phasing.
🇮🇳 India · Rock-cut
Elephanta Caves
Late Gupta to Early Chalukya 5th–8th century CE · Hindu (Shaiva) and Buddhist under Kalachuri/Chalukya patronage
Rock-cut Shaiva cave complex on Elephanta Island with colossal Trimurti sculpture, 5th–8th c. CE.
🇵🇪 Peru · Hydraulic works
Cave Sanctuary Misc 72 — Peru Region 12
Period Late Holocene · Regional culture Misc-Hydraulic
Cave Sanctuary Misc 72 — Peru Region 12 in Peru Region 12, Peru is a Neolithic hydraulic with stratified deposits and regional significance. Excavations reveal architectural phasing.
🇵🇪 Peru · Temple complex
Chanquillo — Solar Observatory Fortified Temple Chankillo
Late Chavín to Sechin Casma (350–200 BCE) fortress and 13-tower ridge 200 BCE (Ghezzi UNESCO 2021) · Sechin / Casma Late Chavín solar observatory state
Chankillo UNESCO 2021 Ghezzi 2001 fortress with solar riddle.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Hydraulic works
Fortress Citadel Misc 77 — Egypt Region 5
Period Classical · Regional culture Misc-Hydraulic
Fortress Citadel Misc 77 — Egypt Region 5 in Egypt Region 5, Egypt is a Neolithic hydraulic with stratified deposits and regional significance. Excavations reveal architectural phasing.
🇬🇧 United Kingdom · Megalith
Nether Largie South Cairn — Kilmartin
Early Bronze Age (3000–2000 BCE) · Kilmartin Neolithic
Nether Largie South Cairn — Kilmartin in Argyll, Scotland, United Kingdom is a Early Bronze Age (3000–2000 BCE) megalithic attributed to Kilmartin Neolithic.
🇺🇿 Uzbekistan · Ancient city
Akhsikath
Ferghana medieval (300 BCE–1600 CE) · Ferghana to Samanid to Karakhanid
Akhsikath was Ferghana's medieval capital (9th–12th c) — 30-ha citadel + shahristan with 7-m walls, Syr Darya port and glass workshops, destroyed 1219 Mongol.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Tell
Pulur Höyük (Erzincan)
Chalcolithic-EBA (c.5000-2500 BCE) · Kura-Araxes / Early Transcaucasian (Karaz-Pulur)
Pulur Höyük (Erzincan) — buried chalcolithic-eba tell/village at Erzincan Province.
🇵🇪 Peru · Hydraulic works
Tumulus Cemetery Misc 7 — Peru Region 7
Period Iron Age · Regional culture Misc-Hydraulic
Tumulus Cemetery Misc 7 — Peru Region 7 in Peru Region 7, Peru is a Bronze Age hydraulic with stratified deposits and regional significance. Excavations reveal architectural phasing.
🇨🇳 China · Hydraulic works
Rock-Cut Tomb Cluster Misc 99 — China Region 3
Period Neolithic · Regional culture Misc-Hydraulic
Rock-Cut Tomb Cluster Misc 99 — China Region 3 in China Region 3, China is a Iron Age hydraulic with stratified deposits and regional significance. Excavations reveal architectural phasing.
🇪🇸 Spain · Ancient village
Castro de Viladonga
Bronze Age–Iron Age (1500 BCE–500 CE) · European Neolithic
Castro de Viladonga in Galicia, Lugo, Spain is a prehistoric fortified settlement of the Bronze to Iron Age (c.1500 BCE–500 CE).
🇯🇴 Jordan · Tell
Fortress Citadel Mideast 4 — Jordan Region 4
Period Bronze Age · Regional culture Mideast-Tell
Fortress Citadel Mideast 4 — Jordan Region 4 in Jordan Region 4, Jordan is a Bronze Age tell with stratified deposits and regional significance. Excavations reveal architectural phasing.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Tell
Gordion
EB to Medieval (c.3000 BCE–1200 CE; peak Phrygia 900–600 BCE) · Hittite → Phrygian (Midas) → Persian → Galatian → Roman
Gordion is the Phrygian capital (Yassıhöyük) — Midas's city (Midas Mound tumulus 53 m), terraced citadel with Phrygian Gate (Ashlar), and 100-tumulus necropolis...
🇪🇸 Spain · Hydraulic works
Aqueduct of Segovia
Roman Flavian Trajanic c.112 CE · Roman (Hispania)
Aqueduct of Segovia – 28.5m double-tier granite ashlar aqueduct (167 arches, 15 km total, 813m bridge) carrying Río Frío to Alcázar without mortar, c.112 CE Flavian-Trajanic. UNESCO 1985.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Hydraulic works
Mural Hall Misc 53 — Egypt Region 5
Period Late Holocene · Regional culture Misc-Hydraulic
Mural Hall Misc 53 — Egypt Region 5 in Egypt Region 5, Egypt is a Neolithic hydraulic with stratified deposits and regional significance. Excavations reveal architectural phasing.
🇸🇾 Syria · Buried city
Temple Terrace Buried 61 — Syria Region 1
Period Neolithic · Regional culture Buried-Variant
Temple Terrace Buried 61 — Syria Region 1 in Syria Region 1, Syria is a Bronze Age buried-city with stratified deposits and regional significance. Excavations reveal architectural phasing.
🇲🇽 Mexico · Rock art
Xochipala Region — Olmec Figurine Caves
Formative (1000–500 BCE) & Classic (500–700 CE) Xochipala · Olmec / Mezcala
Xochipala Region — Olmec Figurine Caves in Guerrero, Mexico is a Formative (1000–500 BCE) & Classic (500–700 CE) Xochipala rock_art attributed to Olmec / Mezcala.
🇬🇧 United Kingdom · Megalith
Midhowe Chambered Cairn Rousay — Great Cairn
Neolithic (c.3500–2500 BCE) · Orcadian Neolithic
Spectacular Rousay cairn excavated 1932–34, largest in Orkney, with 25 individuals and an adjacent Iron Age broch landscape visible across Eynhallow Sound.
🇺🇸 United States · Earthwork
Angel Mounds State Historic Site
Mississippian 1000–1450 CE · Mississippian (Angel phase)
42 ha Mississippian walled town 1000–1450 CE.
🇲🇽 Mexico · Pyramid
Ixtepete Pyramid — Jalisco
Classic–Epiclassic (400–700 CE) · Teuchitlan / Western Mexico shaft tomb tradition
Ixtepete Pyramid — Jalisco in Jalisco, Mexico is a Classic–Epiclassic (400–700 CE) pyramid attributed to Teuchitlan / Western Mexico shaft tomb tradition.
🇵🇪 Peru · Ancient city
Aspero — Norte Chico Bay City and Middens
Norte Chico Preceramic (3700–2500 BCE coastal capital 15 mounds 3700–2500) · Norte Chico coastal sibling to Caral (Aspero has 6 mounds associated shell middens)
Aspero Feldman 1980 3700 BCE mounds with shicra.