🇯🇴 Jordan · Ancient village
Baʿja
Late Pre-Pottery Neolithic B · Arabah/South Levantine LPPNB (Basta–Ba'ja horizon)
LPPNB cliff-gorge two-storey village with siq entry, burned houses and children's mass-grave.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Ancient village
Boncuklu Höyük
Early Central Anatolian Aceramic/Early Ceramic Neolithic · Central Anatolian Neolithic (Konya Plain local)
PPN ancestor of Çatalhöyük — oval wattle-and-daub houses with bead-rich burials marking early sedentary foragers.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Tell
Barcın Höyük
Late Neolithic–Early Chalcolithic (Fikirtepe) · Marmara Neolithic (Fikirtepe)
Marmara type-site (c.6600–6000 BCE, Fikirtepe) bridging Anatolia and Balkan Neolithisation south of Lake İznik.
🇸🇾 Syria · Ancient city
Tell Chuera (Chuera / Khuera)
Early Bronze Jezirah 0–III (Chalcolithic to Early Dyn to Akkadian) · North Mesopotamian Jezirah (Ebla-Mari world)
Circular double-walled Early Bronze city (c.3400–2200 BCE, EJ 0–III) in 130mm rainfall steppe — proof Jezirah cities flourished without southern irrigation via dry-farming + wadi runoff.
🇸🇾 Syria · Tell
Tell Mozan (Urkesh) Satellite Mound
Late Chalcolithic to Mitanni (4000 BCE–1300 BCE) · Late Chalcolithic → Ninevite V → Hurrian Akkadian → Mittani (Hurrian Urkesh)
Tell Mozan (Urkesh) Satellite Mound is the 6.2-ha southern suburb 800 m south of Tell Mozan — the Hurrian capital Urkesh, city of Kumarbi at the Taurus piedmont.
🇮🇷 Iran · Ancient city
Teppe Hasanlu
Bronze Age to Iron II (Late Bronze–U/A Mannaean; peak Hasanlu IVB Iron II c.1050–800 BCE) · Late Bronze Hurrian–Mitanni substrate → Iron Age Mannaean (Indo-Iranian hint) under Urartian pressure → Assyrian fringe
Solduz hill-citadel torched c.800 BCE — 150 massacre-victims around the Gold Bowl.
🇱🇧 Lebanon · Tell
Tell Arqa (Arqa)
Neolithic → EB → MB → LBA Amarna → Iron → Persian → Crusader (7000 BCE–1300 CE) · Levantine (Amorite → Egyptian/Hittite → Phoenician → Crusader)
Akkar plain tell-town (Neolithic–Crusader) — EB rampart, Amarna Irqata, Phoenician and Crusader castle on 30 ha.
🇬🇹 Guatemala · Pyramid
Cancuén Palace-Pyramid City
Maya Classic (Late Classic palace) · Maya (Highland-Pasión portage traders)
Maya water-palace city Cancuén (400–800 CE): 230×150 m largest Maya palace (170 rooms) with attached shrine-pyramids on Pasión River, sacked c.800 CE with elite massacre in cistern.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Ancient village
Gusir Höyük
Pre-Pottery Neolithic A–B to Pottery Neolithic (9300–5500 BCE) · Upper Tigris PPN (Northern Fertile Crescent)
PPNA–PPNB lakeside village at Tigris–Botan confluence documenting crop domestication pathway.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Tell
Küllüoba Höyük South Extension
Early Bronze Age (3200–1950 BCE) · West Anatolian Early Bronze → Hittite scatter
Küllüoba Höyük South Extension exposes the EBA II–III domestic quarter 80 m south of the central burnt compound (Level II).
🇬🇷 Greece · Submerged site
Antikythera Shipwreck – Mechanism Wreck
Hellenistic–Late Roman Republican (ship c.80–60 BCE; mechanism c.150–80 BCE) · Greek / Roman trade – Pergamene-Rhodian sculpture cargo
70 BCE Roman freighter off Antikythera at 45 m that yielded the geared Antikythera Mechanism.
🇨🇳 China · Rock-cut
Beishan Niche Complex — Dazu Extension Eastern Valley
Tang to Song (Late Tang Wei Junjing phase to Southern Song) · Sichuan Buddhist gentry (Dazu artisan guilds)
Dazu UNESCO eastern valley 150 niches Tang–Song 892–1169 with Avalokitesvara transformation.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Ancient city
Harran — City of Sin, Sabians and Beehive Houses
Early Bronze to Medieval Islamic (c.2500 BCE–1271 CE Mongol sack; peak Old Assyrian karum and Sasanian–Umayyad) · Semitic Harranian → Assyrian → Babylonian (Nabonidus) → Parthian/Roman → Arab Sabian–Islamic
Moon-god Ehulhul city of Carrhae — Nabonidus terrace, Crassus battle plain and beehive-house university.
🇩🇪 Germany · Hillfort
Heuneburg Celtic Hillfort
Late Hallstatt to Early La Tène (c.620–450 BCE) · Early Celtic (Hallstatt)
Principal Early Celtic princely seat on the Upper Danube, the Heuneburg is a 10 ha hillfort plateau above the Danube at Hundersingen with a Mediterranean-style mudbrick wall (c.600 BCE, unique north…
🇹🇷 Turkey · Temple complex
Hüseyindede Tepe
Old Hittite (1700–1500 BCE) · Hattian–Hittite
Old Hittite hill shrine with bull-leaping relief vases linking Anatolia to Aegean iconography.
🇷🇺 Russia · Kurgan
Novosvobodnaya (Maïkop Dolmens)
Early Bronze Age; Late Maikop → Novosvobodnaya → Dolmen culture · Maikop → Novosvobodnaya (dolmen phase) → Yamnaya fringe
Late Maïkop–Novosvobodnaya dolmen kurgans (3300–2600 BCE) under kurgan mounds — 5 m slab dolmen with Mesopotamian cylinder seal, bridging Maïkop elite to Yamnaya.
🇸🇩 Sudan · Pyramid
Sedeinga Pyramid Field — Napatan Queens
Meroitic (but Napatan tradition), c.700 BCE–300 CE · Kushite / Napatan
Sedeinga 2 km west of Soleb on desert ridge: ~80 small pyramids (6-8 m base, 7-10 m high) with chapels for Kushite Napatan queens, princesses and children.
🇸🇾 Syria · Tell
Tell Sabi Abyad Neolithic Mound — Balikh
Late Neolithic (Halaf–Hassuna), c.6200-5800 BCE (Neolithic, burn layer) · Halaf
Tell Sabi Abyad Balikh Valley (Raqqa): 5 ha tell (mound 10 m high) excavated by Peter Akkermans (Leiden/Amsterdam 1986–): Operation I Burnt Village 6000 BCE — intact burned houses with 3D preserved…
🇮🇹 Italy · Submerged site
Portus – Imperial Harbour of Rome
Roman Imperial (42 CE – 6th century CE) · Roman
Rome's vast Claudian and Trajanic artificial harbours now inland through siltation, once Rome's maritime gateway.
🇮🇷 Iran · Tell
Tepe Sialk
Neolithic to Iron Age II (c.6000–800 BCE; continuum sample) · Iranian Plateau local → Proto-Elamite → Old Elamite (?) → Iron Age Median-affinity
Iran's longest tell with two ziggurats — carbon-painted Sialk ware and Median horse burials.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Ancient city
Beycesultan Höyük
Late Chalcolithic to Middle Bronze to Byzantine · Western Anatolian (Troy I prelude → Hittite Luwian)
Multi-period mega-tell (c.4000 BCE Late Chalcolithic to 1200 BCE Byzantine, peak EBA–MBA) dominating Çivril Plain on Meander headwaters, excavated 1954–59 by Seton Lloyd & James Mellaart then 2007–…
🇮🇪 Ireland · Megalith
Céide Fields
Early to Middle Neolithic · Early Neolithic Ireland (Céide Ware)
10 km² Neolithic field walls and tombs preserved under blanket bog — world's oldest enclosed landscape, c.3500 BCE.
🇩🇿 Algeria · Ancient city
Hippo Regius – Submerged Harbour of Augustine at Annaba
Phoenician to Arab (12th c. BCE – 7th c. CE; Augustinian 354–430 peak) · Phoenician / Numidian / Roman
Augustine coastal capital — Numidian-Roman 60 ha city whose Seybouse estuary moles now 1–3 m offshore.
🇵🇪 Peru · Pyramid
Huaca Pucllana
Early Intermediate Lima (200–700 CE) with Middle Horizon Wari intrusive 500–700 CE · Lima (Ichma predecessor of Pachacamac) with Huari (Wari) superstructure
Seven-storey adobe pyramid (500×100 m, 25 m high) in Miraflores, Lima, built bookcase-style (small vertical adobe bricks placed on edge like books) to resist earthquakes, with Wari cemetery above.