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🇵🇭 Philippines · Hydraulic works
Ifugao post-Spanish intensive (Acabado) · Ifugao (Tuwali) terrace engineers
Northernmost Ifugao terrace hydraulic: 120 terraces over 280 m vertical fed by 2.4 km mountain contour canal.
🇹🇿 Tanzania · Earthwork
Iron Age Iraqw / Sonjo (15th–19th c intensive agricultural) · Iraqw / Sonjo (Datoga/Maasai pressure oral)
3,000 ha irrigated stone terrace and furrow system with 500+ compounds and 5 km canals on Rift escarpment – irrigation without state.
🇵🇪 Peru · Hydraulic works
Middle Horizon to Inca ~800–1532 CE · Collagua and Cabana then Inca
Collagua 1,000 km of canyon-edge andenería integrating amunas and qochas still irrigated.
🇴🇲 Oman · Hydraulic works
Iron Age to Islamic ~500 BCE–1000 CE · Omani (Sassanian overlay)
Emerald-pool wadi terraces fed by swim-through aflaj tunnels on Oman Gulf coast.
