🇪🇸 Spain · Megalith
Dolmen de Menga Annex
Neolithic (3800-2500 BCE) · Iberian Neolithic
Dolmen de Menga Annex in Andalusia, Spain is a Neolithic (3800-2500 BCE) megalithic.
🇫🇷 France · Megalith
Gavrinis Extension — Er Lannic Satellite Cairn
Middle Neolithic · Carnac / Gulf Morbihan
Small eroded passage cairn 300 m southeast of Gavrinis, Gulf of Morbihan (c. 3800 BCE), 18 m diameter cairn with short passage and engraved orthostat fragment, part of Gavrinis-Er Lannic alignment…
🇪🇬 Egypt · Ancient city
Deir el-Ballas South Palace
Second Intermediate to New Kingdom (c. 1600–1450 BCE) · Theban Egyptian (17th–18th Dynasty)
17th Dynasty war capital south palace (80×50 m) with workmen's village 150 houses.
🇮🇪 Ireland · Megalith
Tullaghoge Fort (County Tyrone)
Iron Age (800 BCE–400 CE) · Irish Iron Age
Tullaghoge Fort in County Tyrone, Ireland is a Iron Age (800 BCE–400 CE) megalithic.
🇮🇳 India · Tell
Qila Mubarak Mound — Patiala
Early Historic (600 BCE–300 CE) · Painted Grey Ware–Sunga
Qila Mubarak Mound — Patiala in Punjab, India is a Early Historic (600 BCE–300 CE) tell attributed to Painted Grey Ware–Sunga. Citadel mound under Qila Mubarak with PGW and Sunga terracottas.
🇸🇾 Syria · Tell
Tell Arbid
Ninevite 5 to Islamic (c.3000 BCE–1200 CE; peak Akkadian–Mitanni) · Ninevite 5 → Akkadian → Khabur ware → Mitanni → Neo-Assyrian
Multi-period Jazira tell (12 ha, 15 m high) in the Khabur triangle, Polish-Syrian excavations by Piotr Bieliński. Sequen...
🇵🇸 Palestine · Tell
Khirbet et-Tell Outlier (West Bank)
Bronze Age (3300-1200 BCE) · Canaanite
Khirbet et-Tell Outlier in West Bank, Palestine is a Bronze Age (3300-1200 BCE) tell.
🇩🇿 Algeria · Ancient city
Gadiaufala
Numidian to Byzantine (3rd c. BCE–7th c. CE) · Numidian / Roman
Hilltop municipium with cyclopean walls and Augustan arch.
🇧🇴 Bolivia · Megalith
Puma Punku South Platform (Tiwanaku)
Tiwanaku (300-1000 CE) · Tiwanaku
Puma Punku South Platform in Tiwanaku, Bolivia is a Tiwanaku (300-1000 CE) megalithic.
🇸🇾 Syria · Ancient city
Ebla (Tell Mardikh) (Idlib Governorate)
Early Bronze Age to Iron Age · Eblaite (Semitic)
Ebla (Tell Mardikh) in Idlib Governorate, Syria is a Early Bronze Age to Iron Age ancient city attributed to Eblaite (Semitic) culture.
🇦🇫 Afghanistan · Tell
Kholm (Tashkurgan) — Bactrian Mound Fort
Achaemenid to Kushan (500 BCE–300 CE) · Bactrian
Kholm (Tashkurgan) — Bactrian Mound Fort in Samangan Province, Afghanistan is a Achaemenid to Kushan (500 BCE–300 CE) tell attributed to Bactrian. Tell mound 10 ha at Kholm on Balkh river road.
🇸🇾 Syria · Tell
Tell Mohammed Diyab
Halaf to Islamic (c.5900 BCE–1200 CE) · Halaf-Ubaid → Ninevite 5 → Mitanni → Assyrian
Jazira tell (8 ha, 12 m high) on the Jaghjagh, French excavations by Jean-Marie Castel. Sequence Ninevite 5 to Islamic w...
🇵🇰 Pakistan · Tell
Gumla — Gomal Valley Harappan Fort
Kot Diji–Harappan (3300–1900 BCE) · Kot Diji–Harappan
Gumla — Gomal Valley Harappan Fort in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan is a Kot Diji–Harappan (3300–1900 BCE) tell attributed to Kot Diji–Harappan.
🇹🇳 Tunisia · Ancient city
Thelepte (Feriana / Medinet el-Kdima)
Roman to Byzantine (1st c CE – 7th c CE; colonia under Trajan) · Roman / Byzantine (Byzacena)
Byzacena road city at Sahara edge, Thelepte flourished as Byzantine dux capital with massive fortress (1.2 km circuit) built from Roman spolia, two basilicas with mosaics, baths an...
🇵🇪 Peru · Temple complex
Huaca de la Luna Precinct
Moche (100-800 CE) · Moche
Huaca de la Luna Precinct in La Libertad, Peru is a Moche (100-800 CE) temple-complex.
🇵🇪 Peru · Ancient city
Chan Chan Citadel Uhle (La Libertad)
Chimu (900-1470 CE) · Chimu
Chan Chan Citadel Uhle in La Libertad, Peru is a Chimu (900-1470 CE) ancient-city.
🇰🇪 Kenya · Megalith
Hyrax Hill (Nakuru) – Pastoral Neolithic Necropolis
Pastoral Neolithic / Sirikwa · Elmenteitan / Sirikwa
Pastoral Neolithic–Sirikwa mound (1500 BCE to 1500 CE) atop tukana hill: stone-walled enclosures, 30-cairn necropolis with Elmenteitan obsidian blades, 20 crouched burials and Nderit ceramics.
🇩🇿 Algeria · Ancient city
Lamasba
Roman (2nd c. CE–7th c. CE) · Roman (Numidia)
Municipium famed for 220 CE water-law inscription regulating drought rotation.
🇮🇹 Italy · Buried city
Pompeii
Roman (foundation Oscan 6th c BCE, Roman from 80 BCE) · Roman
Roman city of 12,000 buried by Vesuvius eruption 24 August 79 CE under 4–6 m pumice and ash, preserving streets, villas, Forum, amphitheatre, baths and plaster casts of victims.
🇺🇸 United States · Earthwork
Seip Earthworks
Hopewell 1–500 CE · Hopewell tradition
121-acre Hopewell circle-square with 335 m Great Circle and Seip-Pricer mound, UNESCO 2023.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Ancient city
Oxyrhynchus (El-Bahnasa) – City of Papyri
Pharaonic / Graeco-Roman · Egyptian / Greek / Roman
Nome capital whose rubbish mounds yielded 500,000+ Greek papyri (Grenfell & Hunt 1896–1906) – Sappho, Menander, Gospel of Thomas.
🇩🇿 Algeria · Ancient city
Sitifis (Sétif) – Mauretania Sitifensis Capital
Roman / Byzantine · Roman
Veteran colonia of Nerva (97 CE) raised to capital of Mauretania Sitifensis by Diocletian. Byzantine fortress 548×416 m encloses forum under modern city; museum holds mosaic hoard; centuriation grid…
🇹🇷 Turkey · Ancient city
Ani
Bagratuni Armenian Kingdom · Armenian
Medieval Armenian capital (961–1045) at peak 100,000 inhabitants, Bagratuni palaces, Cathedral of Ani (1001), Tigran Honents church with frescoes, double city walls.
🇱🇾 Libya · Fortress
Gasr Isawi
Roman Tripolitania (2nd–7th c. CE) · Roman (Tripolitanian Lim.
Tarhouna centenarium fort (60×40 m) controlling olive terraces.