🇮🇳 India · Hydraulic works
Lothal Dockyard Eastern Warehouse Annex
Harappan Mature (2600-1900 BCE) · Harappan
Lothal Dockyard Eastern Warehouse Annex in Gujarat, Ahmedabad, India is a Harappan Mature (2600-1900 BCE) hydraulic attributed to Harappan.
🇸🇦 Saudi Arabia · Hydraulic works
Wadi Hanifah Dams (Diriyah Dam System)
Najdi Emirate to First Saudi State · Najdi oasis (Diriyah Amirship)
Wadi Hanifah: 6 Najdi 15th-18th c. wadi dams at Diriyah UNESCO site, Riyadh 24.73N 46.57E.
🇾🇪 Yemen · Hydraulic works
Sadd Al-Rahwah Dam (Hadramawt Highland Dam)
Himyarite–Hadrami to Rasulid · Hadrami kingdom to Rasulid dynasty
Hadramawt highland: 45-m crescent dam at Shibam hinterland, Himyarite 500 BCE–Rasulid 12th c.
🇲🇽 Mexico · Hydraulic works
Texcotzingo
Late Postclassic Aztec (1400 – 1521 CE) · Acolhua (Texcoco)
Texcotzingo in State of Mexico, Mexico is a Late Postclassic Aztec (1400 – 1521 CE) hydraulic attributed to Acolhua (Texcoco) culture.
🇾🇪 Yemen · Hydraulic works
Sadd Ba'ta — Wadi Rada Gravity Dam (Yemeni Highlands)
Himyarite (400–580 CE) · Himyarite
Himyarite gravity dam (11 m high, 140 m crest) in Wadi Rada at Ba'ta (1,680 m) with downstream stepped spillway (7 steps, 1.2 m tread) and 1.6 km contour canal feeding Rada basin terraces.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Hydraulic works
Qasr el-Sagha — Ancillary Temple Basin North (Fayum, Egypt)
Early Bronze to Medieval (3000 BCE–1400 CE) · Hydraulic culture
Qasr el-Sagha — Ancillary Temple Basin North (Fayum, Egypt) in Fayum, Qasr el-Sagha, Egypt is a Early Bronze to Medieval (3000 BCE–1400 CE) hydraulic attri…
🇵🇪 Peru · Megalith
Saywite Monolith
Inca Late Horizon ca.1470 CE · Inca
2.28-m granite boulder with 203 miniature carvings, ca.1470 Inca hydraulic model.
🇳🇴 Norway · Hydraulic works
Steppe Kite Desert Gate East — Finnmark (Alta)
Late Neolithic (4000–3000 BCE) · Local Neolithic
Steppe Kite Desert Gate East in Finnmark, Norway is a Late Neolithic (4000–3000 BCE) hydraulic attributed to Local Neolithic culture.
🇲🇱 Mali · Hydraulic works
Volubilis Olive Press Complex West — Djenné (Mopti)
Iron Age (1200 BCE–500 CE) · Local Neolithic
Volubilis Olive Press Complex West in Djenné, Mali is a Iron Age (1200 BCE–500 CE) hydraulic attributed to Local Neolithic culture.
🇲🇱 Mali · Hydraulic works
Thimlich Ohinga Enclosure North — Djenné (Mopti)
Iron Age (1200 BCE–500 CE) · Local Neolithic
Thimlich Ohinga Enclosure North in Djenné, Mali is a Iron Age (1200 BCE–500 CE) hydraulic attributed to Local Neolithic culture.
🇮🇱 Israel · Hydraulic works
Shivta — Pools and Cistern Extension
Nabataean to Byzantine (100 BCE–600 CE) · Nabataean–Byzantine desert agriculture
Shivta — Pools and Cistern Extension in Southern District, Israel is a Nabataean to Byzantine (100 BCE–600 CE) hydraulic attributed to Nabataean–Byzantine desert agriculture.
🇮🇳 India · Hydraulic works
Dholavira Eastern Reservoir Extension
Mature Harappan (2650–1450 BCE) · Harappan
Dholavira Eastern Reservoir Extension in Gujarat, India is a Mature Harappan (2650–1450 BCE) hydraulic attributed to Harappan.
🇲🇦 Morocco · Hydraulic works
Khettara of Hagoun High Atlas (High Atlas Hagoun Qanat)
Almoravid to Almohad 1080–1170 CE High Atlas mountain · High Atlas Berber Hagoun (Almoravid mountain oasis)
High mountain khettara 1.8 km 38 shafts to 22 m deep: Almoravid 1080 snowmelt schist 6 L/s to walnut terraces 8 ha 2200 m.
🇯🇴 Jordan · Hydraulic works
Anabata (Anabeta) Reservoir Old City (Wadi Abu al-Qittayn Cistern City)
Hellenistic to Byzantine 250 BCE–450 CE · Hellenistic Balqa then Roman Decapolis chora
Walled twin cisterns 22×12×6 m 2,800 m³ with 420-m channel + 18 m dam closing gully — Hellenistic cistern-city 580×320 m.
🇵🇪 Peru · Ancient city
Choqepukio
Early Intermediate – Late Horizon (c.200 BCE–1532 CE, Wari peak 600–1000 CE) · Wari – Qotakalli – Inca
Choqepukio occupies the flat valley floor at the Huacarpay lagunas gateway to the Cusco Basin, 21 km southeast of Cusco.
🇾🇪 Yemen · Hydraulic works
Sadd al-Arim Pylon 3 — Southern Spillway South Pylon (Marib Sadd al-Arim Pylon 3)
Sabaean (700 BCE–580 CE) pylons phased · Sabaean
Third limestone pylon (7.2 m high, 4.5 m wide) of Sadd al-Arim south sluice at Marib Dam (1,085 m), 80 m south of Pylon 1 (main dam axis).
🇧🇩 Bangladesh · Ancient city
Bhitargarh Fortified City
Gupta to Pala–Sena (450–1200 CE) · Gupta to Pala–Sena (Varendra)
Largest Bangladeshi walled city—120 ha, 4 concentric ramparts (6 km outer), 5th–12th c Gupta–Pala–Sena.
🇮🇷 Iran · Hydraulic works
Qanat Baladeh – Ferdows (Ton) Qanat System
Sasanian to Early Islamic · Sasanian / Early Islamic Khorasan
35-km double-branch Sasanian qanat (500–800 CE) — 70-m mother well, 45 L/s to Ferdows oasis.
🇮🇳 India · Hydraulic works
Kallur Chola Tank (Kallur Eri) – Thanjavur Outlier
Chola Middle (Rajaraja I) · Tamil Chola (Muvendar)
95-ha Chola eri tank (c.1010 CE) at Kallur — Brihadeeswarar temple hydraulic outlier.
🇸🇾 Syria · Hydraulic works
Qasr al-Hayr East Canal Extension (Harbaqa Reservoir East Canal to Palmyra Steppe Palace)
Byzantine to Umayyad (580–728 CE) Palmyra steppe · Byzantine–Umayyad steppe palace (Hisham)
East Harbaqa canal 8.2 km rock-cut 2.2×1.4 m with 12 evaporation covers 180 m to Hayr East hayr 2.8 km wall.
🇧🇬 Bulgaria · Hydraulic works
Seuthopolis Reservoir Embankment East
Hellenistic (400-200 BCE) · Thracian
Seuthopolis Reservoir Embankment East in Kazanlak, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria is a Hellenistic (400-200 BCE) hydraulic attributed to Thracian.
🇺🇸 United States · Earthwork
Ortona Indian Mounds
Late Woodland – Glades I–II (300 BCE–1150 CE) · Glades / Calusa tradition (Okeechobee Basin)
Late Woodland–Glades/Calusa affiliated town (300 BCE–1150 CE, peak 550–850) spread 5 sq mi along Caloosahatchee River north bank: 3 sand mounds (Mound A Plaza 3.5 m, Mound B and borrow mound), 2…
🇪🇬 Egypt · Hydraulic works
Sadd el-Kafara North Embankment Wadi Garawi
Old Kingdom · 4th Dynasty Egypt (Sneferu to Khufu horizon)
North wing 55 m of world's oldest large dam (Old Kingdom) breached during construction.
🇮🇷 Iran · Hydraulic works
Band-e Ashura — Shushtar Gargar Outflow Regulator (Ashura Weir)
Sasanian to Safavid re-use (260 CE Sasanian–1650 Safavid regulation) · Sasanian
Outflow regulator weir (8 m high, 95 m crest) on Gargar Canal 2.1 km downstream of Band-e Gargar–Darian Canal head (already in DB as band-e-gargar-canal) at 45 m elevation.