🇬🇧 United Kingdom · Megalith
Pentre Ifan
Early Neolithic · Preseli Early Neolithic
Wales' largest portal dolmen with 16-tonne capstone on three 2.4 m orthostats.
🇹🇿 Tanzania · Fortress
Pujini Palace — Mkama Ndume Citadel
Swahili (15th c. CE) · Swahili (Mohamed bin Abdulaziz?)
Pujini Palace — Mkama Ndume Citadel in Pemba Island, Tanzania is a Swahili (15th c. CE) fortress attributed to Swahili (Mohamed bin Abdulaziz?).
🇮🇱 Israel · Tell
Tel Arad — Negev Fortresses
Chalcolithic to Iron Age (4000–600 BCE) · Canaanite/Israelite
Tel Arad — Negev Fortresses in Southern District, Negev, Israel is a Chalcolithic to Iron Age (4000–600 BCE) tell attributed to Canaanite/Israelite culture.
🇸🇾 Syria · Tell
Tell Sianu
Middle Bronze to Iron Age (c.2000–500 BCE; floruit LBA-Iron) · Canaanite / Ugaritic periphery → Phoenician → Neo-Assyrian
Coastal capital of Siyannu kingdom (2000–500 BCE) between Ugarit and Amurru at Jableh.
🇵🇪 Peru · Pyramid
Túcume — 26 Pyramids
Sicán to Inca (1000–1532 CE) · Sicán / Chimú / Inca
Túcume — 26 Pyramids in Lambayeque Region, Peru is a Sicán to Inca (1000–1532 CE) pyramid attributed to Sicán / Chimú / Inca.
🇲🇽 Mexico · Pyramid
Xpujil — Structure I Three-Temple Pyramid
Maya Late Classic, c.550–830 CE · Maya (Río Bec)
Iconic three-tower pyramid Structure I at Xpujil (c.550–830 CE, Late Classic Río Bec). Triple pyramid with three non-functional towers along 54 m facade, central stair leads to temple with Chenes…
🇱🇾 Libya · Fortress
Boreum South Tower (Bu Grada South)
Roman to Byzantine (3rd–7th c. CE) · Roman (Tripolitana/Syrte)
Salt-pan watchtower south of Boreum with sebkha causeway.
🇮🇱 Israel · Ancient city
Halutza — Elusa Western Quarter
Nabataean to Byzantine (300 BCE–636 CE) · Nabataean (Elusa/Elusates)
Halutza — Elusa Western Quarter in Southern District, Israel is a Nabataean to Byzantine (300 BCE–636 CE) ancient-city attributed to Nabataean (Elusa/Elusates).
🇸🇩 Sudan · Pyramid
Nuri — Taharqa and Napatan Pyramid Field East Barkal
Napatan (700–300 BCE Napatan kings → early Meroitic) · Kushite Napatan
Nuri excavated by Reisner 1917 and Dunham, 21 kings, Taharqa 690–664 BCE, vaulted chamber 10 m shaft.
🇮🇳 India · Tell
Semthan — Kashmir Early Historic Mound
Neolithic to Early Historic (1500 BCE–500 CE) · Kashmir Neolithic–Saka
Semthan — Kashmir Early Historic Mound in Jammu and Kashmir, India is a Neolithic to Early Historic (1500 BCE–500 CE) tell attributed to Kashmir Neolithic–Saka.
🇮🇱 Israel · Ancient city
Tel Anafa — Hellenistic Stuccoed Villa Quarter
Hellenistic (125–80 BCE) over Iron Persian tell · Phoenician Hellenistic (Sidonian merchants)
Hula tell excavated by Weinberg & Berlin 1968–86, 125 BCE stuccoed luxury house with Doric stucco columns.
🇮🇱 Israel · Tell
Tel Dan — Laish / Leslie
Bronze to Iron Age (4500–733 BCE) · Canaanite/Israelite
Tel Dan — Laish / Leslie in Northern District, Upper Galilee, Israel is a Bronze to Iron Age (4500–733 BCE) tell attributed to Canaanite/Israelite culture.
🇮🇷 Iran · Tell
Tepe Sarab
Pre-Pottery Neolithic to Tepe Sarab ware (c.7000–5000 BCE) · Zagros Neolithic (Sarab culture)
Small but culturally seminal tell near Kermanshah at Sarab pass with Braidwood 1947 type-site red-painted Sarab ware, proto-domestic goat bones, and pisé hamlets preceding Jarmo and Hassuna…
🇸🇩 Sudan · Pyramid
Begrawiya North — Meroe Royal Pyramid Mukhphase
Meroitic (300 BCE–350 CE Northern Field 41 queens/kings) · Meroitic Kushite
Meroe Begrawiya excavated by Reisner 1921 and Lepsius, 3 fields 150 pyramids, North Field queens 41.
🇺🇸 United States · Rock art
Nampaweap Rock Art — Grand Canyon Parashant
Archaic to Ancestral Puebloan (3000 BCE–1300 CE) · Southern Paiute / Ancestral Puebloan
Parashant Nampaweap recorded by Peel 1970s, Puebloan pilgrimage trail markers to Grand Canyon.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Submerged site
Sais Submerged Workshop — Rosetta Branch
Late Period (664–525 BCE) · Saite Egyptian (26th Dynasty)
Sais Submerged Workshop — Rosetta Branch in Gharbia Governorate, Egypt is a Late Period (664–525 BCE) submerged-city attributed to Saite Egyptian (26th Dynasty).
🇮🇱 Israel · Tell
Tel Hazor — Upper Galilee
Bronze to Iron Age (2700–732 BCE) · Canaanite/Israelite
Tel Hazor — Upper Galilee in Northern District, Hula Valley, Israel is a Bronze to Iron Age (2700–732 BCE) tell attributed to Canaanite/Israelite culture.
🇮🇶 Iraq · Tell
Tell Hassuna — Nineveh Plain Type Site
Hassuna (6000–5800 BCE) · Hassuna culture
Tell Hassuna — Nineveh Plain Type Site in Nineveh Governorate, Tigris plain, Iraq is a Hassuna (6000–5800 BCE) tell attributed to Hassuna culture culture.
🇸🇩 Sudan · Ancient city
Tombos — Egyptian-Kushite Quarry Frontier Town
New Kingdom Egyptian fortress (1550–1070 BCE) granite quarry → Napatan · Egyptian New Kingdom colonial
Tombos excavated by Smith & Buzon, Egyptian garrison with Nubian burials mixing.
🇧🇩 Bangladesh · Ancient city
Wari-Bateshwar
Chalcolithic → Iron Age 500 BCE–300 CE · Iron Age Gangetic (NBPW)
Wari-Bateshwar — twin-village Early Historic port-city (Chalcolithic levels, Iron Age 500 BCE–300 CE) 70 km NE Dhaka, discovered 1933 Hanif Pathan, excavated 2000–10 Rahman.
🇪🇹 Ethiopia · Megalith
Axum Obelisks & Archaeological Site
Aksumite · Aksumite / Ge'ez
Capital of Aksumite Kingdom (100 BCE–940 CE) with monolithic granite stelae quarried 4 km, carved to imitate multi-storey buildings with false doors/windows, elite tombs, palaces.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Fortress
Kayalidere — Urartian Mountain Fortress
Urartian (733–713 BCE Tiglath-Pileser tributary) · Urartian
Kayalidere — Urartian Mountain Fortress in Muş Province, Turkey is a Urartian (733–713 BCE Tiglath-Pileser tributary) fortress attributed to Urartian.
🇦🇫 Afghanistan · Fortress
Shahr-i Zohak — Bamiyan Fortress Extension
Hephthalite to Ghaznavid (500–1000 CE) · Bamyan fortress town (Hephthalite)
Shahr-i Zohak — Bamiyan Fortress Extension in Bamyan Province, Afghanistan is a Hephthalite to Ghaznavid (500–1000 CE) fortress attributed to Bamyan fortress town (Hephthalite).
🇬🇧 United Kingdom · Earthwork
The Trundle
Early Neolithic (3700 BCE) to Iron Age · Neolithic causewayed / Hillfort
The Trundle in West Sussex, South Downs, United Kingdom is a Early Neolithic (3700 BCE) to Iron Age earthwork attributed to Neolithic causewayed / Hillfort culture.