🇪🇸 Spain · Megalith
Dolmens of Antequera
Neolithic to Bronze Age · Iberian megalithic
Three megalithic monuments (Menga, Viera, El Romeral) forming UNESCO site with natural monuments Peña de los Enamorados and El Torcal.
🇲🇽 Mexico · Pyramid
Great Pyramid of Cholula
Preclassic to Postclassic (300 BCE – 1200 CE) · Mix: Cholulteca, Teotihuacan, Olmeca-Xicallanca
Largest pyramid by volume in world: 450 m sided adobe brick pyramid with successive construction phases, now hill topped by Spanish church of Nuestra Señora de los Remedios.
🇲🇹 Malta · Megalith
Ħal Saflieni Hypogeum
Late Neolithic – Chalcolithic · Maltese Temple culture (Żebbuġ to Tarxien)
Three-level underground necropolis/sanctuary carved in limestone, 10.6 m deep, halls including Oracle Room with acoustic resonance. Only prehistoric underground temple in world.
🇺🇸 United States · Ancient village
Mesa Verde Cliff Dwellings
Pueblo I–III (600–1300 CE) · Ancestral Puebloan (Anasazi)
Ancestral Puebloan cliff dwellings (600–1300 CE) with 600 sites including Cliff Palace (150 rooms, 23 kivas) under sandstone alcoves, transitioning from pithouses to masonry pueblos before…
🇫🇷 France · Megalith
Dolmen de Kerguntuil (Trégastel)
Late Neolithic · Armorican Late Neolithic
Gallery dolmen (allée couverte) at Trégastel, Côte de Granit Rose (c. 3200–2600 BCE), 11 m long gallery in pink granite with 16 orthostats and capstones, entrance flanked by portal stones, tumulus…
🇫🇷 France · Rock shelter
Abri du Pape at Brassempouy
Upper Palaeolithic (Gravettian) · Gravettian / Noailles
Rock shelter at Brassempouy, Landes, famous for Gravettian occupation (29,000–22,000 BP) yielding the Dame de Brassempouy ivory Venus (23,000 BP) and eight other ivory figurines, with rich Gravettian…
🇳🇬 Nigeria · Ancient village
Gajiganna Culture Complex (Borno)
Chad Basin Late Stone Age · Gajiganna culture
Urn-field mound complex defining Gajiganna culture bridging Saharan and sub-Saharan pastoralism before Kanem.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Ancient city
Paraetonium (Marsa Matruh) – Lagoon Fortress
Pharaonic to Byzantine (New Kingdom – 7th c CE; Ptolemaic port 300 BCE) · Egyptian / Ptolemaic / Roman / Byzantine
Egypt's western gate on Mediterranean lagoon, Paraetonium began as Ramesses II's western chain fort, then great Ptolemaic lagoon port with Alexander–Cleopatra stopover tradition; l...
🇪🇬 Egypt · Temple complex
Qasr el-Sagha (Zarew) Temple
Middle Kingdom (1990–1650 BCE) · Egyptian (12th Dynasty)
Unfinished Sobek temple with 7 shrines on Lake Qarun shore.
🇬🇭 Ghana · Ancient city
Begho (Dwinfuor) – Akan Gold Entrepôt
Akan gold trade (c. 1000–1750 CE; peak 14th–17th c) · Akan (Bron) / Hausa Wangara merchants
Sprawling 45 ha Akan trading city with four ethnic quarters (Brong, Kramo Wangara Muslim, artisans, market), producing brass crucibles and glass beads for gold–kola caravans to Jen...
🇮🇹 Italy · Megalith
Li Lolghi Giants' Tomb
Early Bronze Age · Bonnannaro / Nuragic
Li Lolghi Giants' Tomb in Sardinia, Olbia-Tempio, Italy is a Early Bronze Age megalithic attributed to Bonnannaro / Nuragic culture.
🇮🇹 Italy · Megalith
Li Muri Necropolis
Late Neolithic · Arzachena Culture (Ozieri)
Li Muri Necropolis in Sardinia, Olbia-Tempio, Italy is a Late Neolithic megalithic attributed to Arzachena Culture (Ozieri) culture.
🇳🇱 Netherlands · Megalith
Hunebed D13 at Eext
Middle Neolithic · Funnel Beaker West Group (TRB)
TRB West Group hunebed D13 at Eext (c. 3350 BCE), 18 m enclosure with 4 capstones on heath, one of 53 Drenthe hunebeds.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Fortress
Tell el-Retaba (Wadi Tumilat Fortress)
Second Intermediate to Saite (c. 1800–525 BCE; Hyksos–Ramesside fortress) · Hyksos / New Kingdom Egyptian (Ramesside)
Wadi Tumilat gate fortress claimed as biblical Pithom/Succoth, with Hyksos glacis and Ramesside Tjeku fortress of Seti I (Pr-Atum). Excavated by Naville, Petrie and Polish mission...
🇵🇰 Pakistan · Tell
Jhandi Babar — Gomal Kot Diji Mound
Kot Diji (3300–2600 BCE) · Kot Diji
Jhandi Babar — Gomal Kot Diji Mound in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan is a Kot Diji (3300–2600 BCE) tell attributed to Kot Diji. Mound with Kot Diji pottery south of Gumla.
🇬🇷 Greece · Submerged site
Rock-Cut Tomb Cluster Submerged 65 — Greece Region 5
Period Late Holocene · Regional culture Submerged-Variant
Rock-Cut Tomb Cluster Submerged 65 — Greece Region 5 in Greece Region 5, Greece is a Bronze Age submerged-city with stratified deposits and regional significance.
🇦🇲 Armenia · Temple complex
Earthwork Enclosure Temple 111 — Armenia Region 3
Period Late Holocene · Regional culture Temple-Universal
Earthwork Enclosure Temple 111 — Armenia Region 3 in Armenia Region 3, Armenia is a Bronze Age temple-complex with stratified deposits and regional significance.
🇪🇷 Eritrea · Ancient city
Adulis Bay – Axumite Port
Axumite (1st c BCE – 7th c CE; Adulis port 1st c CE Periplus) · Axumite / South Arabian / Greco-Roman trade
Axumite Mediterranean port in Zula Bay where Paribeni and Sundström found Axumite church (5th c), Roman wine amphorae and glass, linking Axum to Roman trade; Periplus harbour descr...
🇫🇷 France · Temple complex
Harbour Mole Submerged Europe 113 — France Region 5
Period Late Holocene · Regional culture Europe-Temple
Harbour Mole Submerged Europe 113 — France Region 5 in France Region 5, France is a Neolithic temple-complex with stratified deposits and regional significance.
🇬🇧 United Kingdom · Megalith
Merrivale Stone Rows
Late Neolithic – Middle Bronze Age · Dartmoor Bronze Age
Concentrated Late Neolithic–Bronze Age ritual settlement on Dartmoor: double stone rows (up to 264 m), stone circle, standing stone (3.2 m), cists, hut circles and Bronze Age field systems on open…
🇪🇬 Egypt · Ancient city
Coptos (Qift / Koptos) – Desert Gate of Gold & Incense
Predynastic to Roman · Egyptian / Roman
Caravan terminus of Wadi Hammamat road to Red Sea moving gold, bekhen-stone and incense. Temple of Min–Isis (Elkab-scale).
🇩🇪 Germany · Megalith
Großsteingrab at Barnstorf-Bremen Enclosure
Middle Neolithic · Funnel Beaker (TRB) — Emsland Group
TRB passage grave at Barnstorf (c. 3500 BCE), Emsland-type hunebed 22 m long enclosure with chamber and cup-marked capstone, in Lower Saxon plain. Excavated 19th century with funnel beakers and amber.
🇨🇾 Cyprus · Submerged site
Tumulus Cemetery Submerged 35 — Cyprus Region 11
Period Late Holocene · Regional culture Submerged-Variant
Tumulus Cemetery Submerged 35 — Cyprus Region 11 in Cyprus Region 11, Cyprus is a Neolithic submerged-city with stratified deposits and regional significance. Excavations reveal architectural phasing.
🇫🇷 France · Tumulus
Tumulus de Mont-Iouarn (Ploumilliau)
Middle to Late Neolithic · Armorican Neolithic
Passage mound tumulus at Ploumilliau (c. 3500 BCE), 30 m diameter, 5 m high, with granite passage and chamber, excavated 1950s revealing Neolithic pottery and human remains, overlooking Leguer valley.