🇬🇹 Guatemala · Ancient city
Q'umarkaj
Classic · Maya/Andean
Q'umarkaj — K'iche' capital with Temple of Tohil.
🇺🇸 United States · Earthwork
Shiloh Indian Mounds
Mississippian (Shiloh phase, 1000–1350 CE) · Mississippian (Western Tennessee)
Fortified Mississippian town (1000–1350 CE) with 7 mounds and 2 km palisade on Tennessee River bluff, Shiloh.
🇬🇹 Guatemala · Temple complex
Tikal Mundo Perdido
Classic · Maya/Andean
Tikal Mundo Perdido — Teotihuacan enclave.
🇺🇸 United States · Ancient village
Topper Site
Pre-Clovis (Topper) to Clovis · Pre-Clovis (Topper)/Clovis
Pre-Clovis chert quarry (15,000 BCE) with debated lower horizon below Clovis on Savannah River, South Carolina.
🇬🇹 Guatemala · Temple complex
Uaxactun Group E
Classic · Maya/Andean
Uaxactun Group E — E-Group observatory archetype.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Tell
Grek Amele
Prehistoric · Regional Chalcolithic-EBA
Grek Amele — buried prehistoric tell/village at Diyarbakır Province.
🇧🇿 Belize · Ancient city
Altun Ha
Preclassic 900 BCE–1000 CE (plazas 200–900 CE; jade tomb early 300 CE) · Maya (northern coastal Belize, Altun Ha polity, Lowland–Caribbean zone)
Coastal-plain trade port city controlling Caribbean shell, salt and jade routes near Rockstone Pond wetlands: twin Temple of the Masonry Altars (B4, 16 m high) with three altar superstructures and…
🇵🇪 Peru · Temple complex
Ventarrón Archaeological Complex
Initial Period 2500–500 BCE · Early coastal Formative
Deer-net mural 2000 BCE, oldest in Americas.
🇵🇪 Peru · Archaeological wonder
Chankillo Archaeoastronomical Complex
Early Horizon–Early Intermediate 250–200 BCE (Initial Late Chavín to Wari interstice, Casma-Sechín tradition) · Casma–Sechín / Pampas ( north-central desert, precedent to Moche for Casma valley, not Inca)
Oldest solar observatory in Americas (250–200 BCE): 13 evenly spaced 2–5 m towers on 300 m ridge crest marking annual solar horizon from two enclosed observation pavilions (western fortress hill and…
🇵🇪 Peru · Pyramid
Sechín Alto Principal Platform — Casma
Initial Period, c.1800-1000 BCE (Sechín–Casma) · Andean (Casma–Sechín)
Sechín Alto in Casma Valley (Ancash): huge U-shaped platform compound 300×250 m, 44 m high, with atrium and sunken courts. Excavated by Julio C.
🇺🇸 United States · Earthwork
Emerald Mound
Plaquemine Mississippian Emerald phase 1250–1600 CE · Plaquemine (Natchez)
Second-largest mound in N America, 10.7 m terraced pyramid, 1250–1600 CE.
🇨🇱 Chile · Ancient village
Monte Verde Archaeological Site (Chile)
Late Pleistocene Monte Verde I (c.33,000–14,800 BP controversial) and Monte Verde II (14,500 BP) · Pre-Clovis Paleo-Indian (Monte Verde)
Earliest reliably dated human occupation in the Americas: peat-preserved hunter-gatherer camp 14,800 BP (Monte Verde II, 33 radiocarbon dates) sealed under peat bog on Chinchihuapi creek floodplain,…
🇨🇦 Canada · Ancient village
L'Anse aux Meadows
Viking Age 1000–1006 CE (Norse Vinland exploration) · Norse Greenlanders (Icelandic Norse under Leifr Eiríksson / Thorfinn Karlsefni saga context)
Only confirmed Norse village in North America and earliest European settlement (~1000–1006 CE): eight turf-and-timber sod houses (halls 25×5 m, iron smithy, carpentry shed, charcoal kilns) on Épaves…
🇺🇸 United States · Archaeological wonder
Acoma Pueblo (Sky City)
Pueblo III–present 1150 CE–present · Acoma (Keresan, ancestors Ancestral Puebloan/Zuni lineage)
Oldest continuously inhabited community in North America (since 1150 CE, oral history to 1100).
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🇧🇬 Bulgaria · Tell
Azmashka Mogila (Azmak Tell)
Prehistoric · Regional Chalcolithic-EBA
Azmashka Mogila (Azmak Tell) — buried prehistoric tell/village at Stara Zagora Province.
🇺🇸 United States · Earthwork
Fort Ancient Earthworks
Hopewell 1–450 CE · Hopewell tradition
Largest hilltop enclosure: 40 ha with 67 gateways, Hopewell 1–450 CE, UNESCO 2023.
🇵🇪 Peru · Pyramid
Huaca del Sol and Huaca de la Luna
Moche (Mochica) 100–800 CE (Huaca de la Luna 100–600 CE; Sol 450–600 CE peak) · Moche (Moche culture)
Twin massive adobe pyramid complexes of Moche state (100–800 CE): Huaca del Sol 43 m high (185 × 41 m base, largest pre-Columbian adobe mass in Americas, 143 million bricks stamped with maker's…
🇺🇸 United States · Submerged site
Beringia – Drowned Land Bridge
Pleistocene (exposed 36k–11k; fully closed 21k–14k cal BP brown/green zones) · Paleolithic Siberian / Paleo-American / Dyuktai / Clovis ancestors
36k–11k BCE steppe isthmus Alaska–Siberia now 53 m under strait — 2023 cores re-imagined as tundra, not grass.
🇪🇨 Ecuador · Ancient village
Real Alto — Valdivia Type Site
Valdivia (3500–1500 BCE) Early Ceramic Neolithic · Valdivia culture (earliest ceramics)
Real Alto — Valdivia Type Site in Santa Elena Province, Ecuador is a Valdivia (3500–1500 BCE) Early Ceramic Neolithic ancient-village attributed to Valdivia culture (earliest ceramics).