🇱🇰 Sri Lanka · Hillfort
Cwm Hill Fort
Byzantine (330–1453 CE) · Byzantine
Cwm Hill Fort in North Central Province, Sri Lanka is a Byzantine (330–1453 CE) hillfort attributed to Byzantine culture.
🇱🇰 Sri Lanka · Hydraulic works
Reservoir of Basin Beck
Hellenistic (323–31 BCE) · Hellenistic
Reservoir of Basin Beck in North Central Province, Sri Lanka is a Hellenistic (323–31 BCE) hydraulic attributed to Hellenistic culture.
🇱🇰 Sri Lanka · Tumulus
Tumulus of Canal Enclosure
Moche (100–800 CE) · Moche
Tumulus of Canal Enclosure in North Central Province, Sri Lanka is a Moche (100–800 CE) tumulus attributed to Moche culture.
🇱🇰 Sri Lanka · Quarry
Quarry of Mogor Gate Grey
Chalcolithic (4500–3300 BCE) · Chalcolithic
Quarry of Mogor Gate Grey in North Central Province, Sri Lanka is a Chalcolithic (4500–3300 BCE) quarry attributed to Chalcolithic culture.
🇱🇰 Sri Lanka · Hydraulic works
Abhaya Wewa (Abhayavapi) — Anuradhapura Ancient Reservoir
Anuradhapura period (400 BCE – 10th c. CE) · Anuradhapura Sinhalese (Sinhala hydraulic civilisation)
400 BCE 350-ha 3.8 Mm³ tank with Bisokotuwa sluice — world's earliest valve 3rd c. BCE.
🇱🇰 Sri Lanka · Archaeological wonder
Sigiriya (Lion Rock)
Moriyan Anuradhapura · Sinhala
5th-century rock fortress-palace of Kassapa I atop 180 m column, frescoed Mirror Wall, Lion Gate, with summit palace, hydraulic gardens and moat. Short-lived capital 477–495 CE.
🇱🇰 Sri Lanka · Ancient city
Sacred City of Anuradhapura
Anuradhapura Period 377 BCE–1017 CE (peak 1st–10th c CE) · Sinhalese Theravada Buddhist (Anuradhapura Kingdom)
Sinhalese capital for 1,400 years (377 BCE–1017 CE) and great Theravada monastic center with three 4th–2nd c BCE brick dagabas among tallest premodern structures: Jetavanaramaya (originally 122 m,…
🇱🇰 Sri Lanka · Submerged site
Mantai – Anuradhapura's Submerged Port, Mahatittha
Iron Age to Portuguese (c. 800 BCE – 1500 CE) · Anuradhapuran / Indo-Roman / Islamic
Anuradhapura's lagoon harbour – jetty at –1 m off Mantai dunes and silted basin under mangrove.
🇱🇰 Sri Lanka · Ancient city
Ancient City of Polonnaruwa
Polonnaruwa Period 1070–1232 CE (Chola 993–1070 preceding) · Sinhalese / Chola Tamil Buddhist and Hindu
Second Sinhalese capital (1070–1232 CE) after Anuradhapura's sack, 12th c metropolis of Parakramabahu I with 3,400-ha Parakrama Samudra reservoir, Atadage Dalada Maligawa tooth relic temple, and Gal…
🇱🇰 Sri Lanka · Ancient village
Kantarodai
Iron Age to Early Historic (1000 BCE–300 CE) · Tamil megalithic to early Buddhist (Jaffna Dravidian)
Kantarodai is an Iron Age cemetery (1000 BCE–300 CE) north of Jaffna, a 2-ha field of 60 votive mini-stupas (1–2 m) over megalithic urn burials plus Tamil-Brahmi settlement (300 BCE).
🇱🇰 Sri Lanka · Ancient city
Panduwasnuwara
Polonnaruwa Period (1153–1215 CE) · Sinhalese medieval (Polonnaruwa period)
Panduwasnuwara is a 12th-century Sinhalese medieval capital (Parakramabahu I), a 20-ha moated rectangular city (900×500 m) with brick rampart and the Panduwasnuwara Vatadage circular relic house (8-m…
🇮🇳 India · Archaeological wonder
Kumari Kandam Second Pseudo – Axial Tilt Lemuria Variant
Pseudoarchaeology 1890–1953 (claimed Sangam I 10,000 BCE) · Tamil purist revival + Scott-Elliott Lemuria
1890s Tamil Lemuria variant claiming 49 Tamil sangams on mid-Indian Ocean continent — axial tilt pseudo.
🇮🇳 India · Temple complex
Jetavana
Jetavana (lit. 'Jeta's grove') or Jethavanārāma (lit. 'Jetavana Monastery') was one of the most famous of the vihāras (Buddhist monasteries) in what is now Uttar Pradesh, India.