🇬🇷 Greece · Tell
Sesklo Tell
Early to Middle Neolithic · Sesklo Culture
Classic Early to Middle Neolithic tell (c. 6000–4800 BCE) near Volos, type-site of Sesklo culture with early painted pottery, megaron-like houses and fortification wall.
🇪🇸 Spain · Cave
Cueva de Tito Bustillo
Upper Palaeolithic (Magdalenian) · Magdalenian
Major Magdalenian cave on the Sella River with 12 galleries of polychrome paintings (c. 22,000–10,000 BP), including horses, reindeer and famous anthropomorph, plus habitation deposits.
🇬🇧 United Kingdom · Megalith
Creeg Tol — Crows-an-Wra
Neolithic · Cornish Neolithic
Creeg Tol — Crows-an-Wra in Cornwall, England, United Kingdom is a Neolithic megalithic attributed to Cornish Neolithic. Highly ruinous dolmen known only from antiquarian record and fragment.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Fortress
Oryanda — Lycian Highland Fortress
Lycian (500–200 BCE) · Lycian
Oryanda — Lycian Highland Fortress in Antalya Province, Turkey is a Lycian (500–200 BCE) fortress attributed to Lycian. Fortified highland city 1200 m with Lycian towered walls and terrace settlement.
🇮🇪 Ireland · Megalith
Tullaghoge Fort
Iron Age (800 BCE–400 CE) · Irish Iron Age
Tullaghoge Fort in County Tyrone, Ireland is a Iron Age (800 BCE–400 CE) megalithic.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Fortress
Akcali — Lycian Fortified Village
Lycian (500 BCE) · Lycian
Akcali — Lycian Fortified Village in Antalya Province, Turkey is a Lycian (500 BCE) fortress attributed to Lycian. Village with circuit wall and church later on Akcali hill.
🇱🇰 Sri Lanka · Ancient city
Panduwasnuwara
Polonnaruwa Period (1153–1215 CE) · Sinhalese medieval (Polonnaruwa period)
Panduwasnuwara is a 12th-century Sinhalese medieval capital (Parakramabahu I), a 20-ha moated rectangular city (900×500 m) with brick rampart and the Panduwasnuwara Vatadage circular relic house (8-m…
🇳🇬 Nigeria · Rock art
Yankari Rock Shelters
Late Stone Age to Iron Age (4000 BCE–1500 CE) · Nok-related / Hausa
National park shelters with 12 iron furnaces and Shira rock paintings.
🇰🇭 Cambodia · Temple complex
Prasat Prei — Monticolo Hill
Angkor (10th c. CE) · Khmer (Rajendravarman)
Prasat Prei — Monticolo Hill in Siem Reap Province, Cambodia is a Angkor (10th c. CE) temple-complex attributed to Khmer (Rajendravarman).
🇮🇷 Iran · Tell
Tepe Ganj Dareh
Aceramic to Pottery Neolithic (c.8000–7500 BCE; cluster horizon) · Zagros PPN cluster (Ganj Dareh variant)
Harsin satellite PPN hamlet (8000 BCE) 2 km west of classic Ganj Dareh.
🇰🇪 Kenya · Ancient city
Ishakani Ruins — Tana Mouth
Swahili (13th–16th c. CE) · Swahili (Ozi secondary)
Ishakani Ruins — Tana Mouth in Tana River County, Kenya is a Swahili (13th–16th c. CE) ancient-city attributed to Swahili (Ozi secondary). Tana mouth Swahili creek town near Ozi gorge.
🇧🇴 Bolivia · Megalith
Puma Punku South Platform
Tiwanaku (300-1000 CE) · Tiwanaku
Puma Punku South Platform in Tiwanaku, Bolivia is a Tiwanaku (300-1000 CE) megalithic.
🇵🇪 Peru · Pyramid
Caral-Supe Pyramids
Late Archaic / Norte Chico · Caral-Supe / Norte Chico
Oldest city in Americas and largest Late Archaic New World pyramids (c.2600 BCE) – six truncated earthen pyramids with sunken plazas, residential sectors and early quipu and flutes in Supe Valley,…
🇦🇫 Afghanistan · Tell
Kholm (Tashkurgan) — Bactrian Mound Fort
Achaemenid to Kushan (500 BCE–300 CE) · Bactrian
Kholm (Tashkurgan) — Bactrian Mound Fort in Samangan Province, Afghanistan is a Achaemenid to Kushan (500 BCE–300 CE) tell attributed to Bactrian. Tell mound 10 ha at Kholm on Balkh river road.
🇩🇿 Algeria · Ancient city
Tipasa of Mauretania – Coastal Basilicas
Punic (6th c BCE) – Roman – Christian (5th c CE) · Punic / Mauretanian / Roman
Coastal UNESCO port with Punic necropolis (6th c BCE tophet), Roman forum, theatre, and two Christian basilicas (Salsa martyr shrine) on promontory with offshore islet. Numidian–Ma...
🇪🇬 Egypt · Submerged site
Thonis-Heracleion
Late Period to Byzantine (6th c BCE – 8th c CE) · Egyptian / Greek
Legendary port of entry to Egypt before Alexandria, submerged after earthquake/liquefaction 6th–8th century CE, rediscovered 2000 by Franck Goddio (IEASM) with stele of Nectanebo I, temples of…
🇮🇳 India · Ancient city
Banawali — Harappan Barracks Site Haryana
Pre-Harappan to Late Harappan (2800–1500 BCE) · Harappan
Banawali excavated by Bisht 1973–, with barracks and seal of unicorn.
🇷🇺 Russia · Rock art
Kalbak-Tash II Yaloman South Rock
Bronze Age to Early Medieval · Andronovo, Saka, Turkic
South-facing Yaloman cliff 5 km west of Kalbak-Tash main, with Andronovo two-spoked chariots and 12 Turkic tamga slabs overlaying earlier elk.
🇬🇧 United Kingdom · Megalith
Gowk Hill Stone Circle
Late Neolithic – Early Bronze Age (2500–1500 BCE) · Recumbent Stone Circle builders
Gowk Hill stone circle on a ridge west of Insch, Aberdeenshire, an upland circle of eight granitic boulders enclosing a slight interior cairn, part of the Aberdeenshire recumbent circle concentration…
🇩🇿 Algeria · Fortress
Lambaesis Legionary Camp (Tazoult)
Roman (81 CE – 5th c CE; legionary base 123–238 CE) · Roman (Legio III Augusta)
Africa's largest legionary fortress, Lambaesis housed 6,000 men of III Augusta with principia, baths, amphitheatre, aqueduct and arch of Commodus. Headquarters shrine and numerus i...
🇵🇹 Portugal · Megalith
Zambujeiro Stone Row — Alentejo Menhir Field Quinta do Anjo
Neolithic (4500–3000 BCE) Lusit-Protugal menhir row · Setúbal Neolithic Quinta alignment
Quinta do Anjo row.
🇮🇹 Italy · Buried city
Pompeii
Roman (foundation Oscan 6th c BCE, Roman from 80 BCE) · Roman
Roman city of 12,000 buried by Vesuvius eruption 24 August 79 CE under 4–6 m pumice and ash, preserving streets, villas, Forum, amphitheatre, baths and plaster casts of victims.
🇺🇸 United States · Earthwork
Seip Earthworks
Hopewell 1–500 CE · Hopewell tradition
121-acre Hopewell circle-square with 335 m Great Circle and Seip-Pricer mound, UNESCO 2023.