🇪🇸 Spain · Rock art
El Castillo Cave
Mousterian to Magdalenian ~150–11 ka BP · Neanderthal then Aurignacian to Magdalenian
Monte Castillo reference sequence cave with 40 ka red disks and 150 kyr stratigraphy.
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The catalogue
13,227 places to sift through. Narrow by kind, country, period or how firmly each one is established — contested and pseudoarchaeological claims are labelled here, never hidden.
🇮🇶 Iraq · Ancient city
Old Babylonian to Neo-Babylonian and Hellenistic (1894 BCE–141 BCE; monumental peak Nebuchadnezzar II 604–562 BCE) · Babylonian / Assyrian / Persian / Hellenistic
Capital of Babylonian empire (1894 BCE–539 BCE) on Euphrates, Babylon at its greatest under Hammurabi and Nebuchadnezzar II (604–562 BCE): Processional Way, Ishtar Gate (glazed brick dragons and…
🇲🇳 Mongolia · Megalith
Late Bronze Age (~1400–700 BCE) · Khirigsuur culture (Mongolian pastoralist)
Mounded circular stone platforms 2–20 m diameter surrounded by rectangular or polygonal enclosures with four cardinal knolls, often associated with deer stones and slab burials.
🇪🇸 Spain · Rock art
Mousterian to Magdalenian ~150–11 ka BP · Neanderthal then Aurignacian to Magdalenian
Monte Castillo reference sequence cave with 40 ka red disks and 150 kyr stratigraphy.
🇮🇶 Iraq · Archaeological wonder
Neo-Babylonian claimed 600 BCE; Assyrian alternative 700 BCE · Babylonian or Assyrian (Neo-Assyrian Sennacherib)
Unlocated wonder: Nebuchadnezzar's terraces vs Dalley's Nineveh screw garden.
🇵🇪 Peru · Ancient village
Late Horizon 1450–1536 CE · Inca
Choquequirao solar outpost: doorway aligns solstice sunrise onto Choquequirao usnu 5 km across canyon.
🇮🇳 India · Temple complex
Maurya to Gupta, 3rd c. BCE–5th c. CE, Great Stupa Ashoka 260 BCE expanded 2nd c. BCE · Buddhist (Maurya, Shunga, Satavahana, Gupta)
Ashokan hemispherical stupa with four sculpted torana gateways - genesis of Buddhist architecture.
🇮🇶 Iraq · Ancient city
Neolithic to Sassanian (c.5000 BCE–632 CE; Uruk period city 4000–3100 BCE) · Sumerian / Babylonian / Persian
Type site for Uruk period and first true city (c.4000–3100 BCE), Uruk at peak 2900 BCE housed 50,000–80,000 inside 9.5 km city wall built by Gilgamesh (per Epic).
🇰🇭 Cambodia · Ancient city
Khmer Empire 1181–1243 CE (Bayon peak Jayavarman VII) · Khmer Mahayana Buddhist (with Shaiva syncretism)
Khmer capital city (late 12th century by Jayavarman VII) covering 9 km² walled square with Bayon state temple – 54 towers with 216 enigmatic smiling Avalokiteshvara faces blending Mahayana compassion…
🇦🇫 Afghanistan · Ancient city
Hellenistic Seleucid–Greco-Bactrian 300–145 BCE · Seleucid / Greco-Bactrian (Greek in Central Asia)
Hellenistic polis (c.300–145 BCE) at Oxus confluence, founded by Seleucus I as Alexandria on Oxus, excavated 1964–1979 by French DAFA.
🇪🇸 Spain · Megalith
Neolithic (3800-2500 BCE) · Iberian Neolithic
Dolmen de Menga Annex Sector 517 in Andalusia, Spain is a Neolithic (3800-2500 BCE) megalithic.
People's Republic of China · Hydraulic works
The Grand Canal (Chinese: 大运河; pinyin: Dà yùnhé) is a system of interconnected canals linking various major rivers and lakes in North and East China, serving as an important waterborne transport…
🇨🇳 China · Hydraulic works
Han dynasty 142 BCE to Qing · Han, Uyghur, Hui oasis communities
2000-year karez underground qanat network (5,000 km, 1,100 lines) feeding Turpan Depression vineyards from Tian Shan snowmelt.
🇺🇦 Ukraine · Submerged site
Classical to Byzantine (5th c. BCE – 1400 CE) · Herakleian Greek / Bosporan / Byzantine
Central mole of Chersonesos Quarantine Bay — 65 m ashlar harbour mole at 2–5 m dividing naval/mercantile basins.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Pyramid
Middle Kingdom (12th Dynasty) · Ancient Egyptian
12th-Dynasty Black Pyramid of Amenemhat III at Dahshur — 105 m mudbrick mass c.1860 BCE, blackened core, first quartzite vault and basalt pyramidion, abandoned for Hawara.
🇩🇪 Germany · Earthwork
Middle Neolithic, STK (4900 BCE) · Central European Neolithic (Stichbandkeramik/Stroke-Ornamented)
4900 BCE double ditch-palisade circle with winter solstice gates—Europe's oldest solar observatory.
🇬🇱 Denmark · Archaeological wonder
Pseudoarchaeology claim (1909 Peary Polar Thule → 1918 Thule Society → 2010 Greenland pseudo Thule) · Pytheas 325 BCE Ultima Thule 6 days north Britain → 1909 Peary 'Thule' Greenland naming → Nazi Thule Society Greenland myth
Pseudo Thule at Greenland 77°N – claim Pytheas's 6-day sail = 3500 km to Qaanaaq ice rather than 800 km to Iceland.
🇩🇪 Germany · Submerged site
Early Medieval (8th–12th c. CE) · Wendish Slav / Viking / hypothesized
Baltic Atlantis — Adam of Bremen Jumne 1075, claimed sunken off Usedom/Wollin with Koserow pavement at −5 m (contested glacial till).
🇪🇬 Egypt · Pyramid
Old Kingdom, 5th Dynasty, ~2422 BCE (or First Intermediate 10th Dynasty) · Ancient Egyptian
Headless Pyramid (Lepsius XXIX) east of Teti at Saqqara, c.2422 BCE Menkauhor?, 52.5 m base, rubble mound.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Pyramid
Second Intermediate Period incipient / late Middle Kingdom · Ancient Egyptian
Early 13th-Dynasty quartzite-sarcophagus pyramid of Ameny Qemau at South Saqqara — 52 m base c.1793 BCE with intact monolithic sarcophagus and canopic chest.
🇯🇴 Jordan · Earthwork
Late Neolithic to Chalcolithic · Eastern Badia Neolithic pastoral-hunters
16 interlinked limestone kite traps (5000-3500 BCE) forming 1.2-km chain blocking wadi mouths on Jibal al-Khashabiyeh.
🇹🇭 Thailand · Archaeological wonder
Bronze (1100–600 BCE) → Iron Age transition 500 BCE–300 CE (Khao Wong Prachan Bridge) · Khao Wong Prachan Copper→Iron (Central Thai)
Copper→Iron transition industrial village (c.1100 BCE–300 CE) in the Khao Wong Prachan Valley near Lopburi adjacent to Non Pa Wai — 4 ha hill slope settlement plus smelting with rare continuous…
🇰🇭 Cambodia · Hydraulic works
Angkor (Baphuon style middle Angkor) · Khmer Hindu (Suryavarman I court)
Khmer 7.8×2.1 km reservoir 1050 CE 53 million m³ with West Mebon island temple, hydraulic empire core.
🇨🇳 China · Hydraulic works
Warring States, Qin to Qing continuous · Qin state engineers under Li Bing (later successive dynasties maintenance)
256 BCE Qin weir still irrigating 5,300 km²—world's oldest dam-less hydraulic system.
🇪🇸 Spain · Ancient city
Late Bronze to Iron Age Tartessian (1200–550 BCE collapse) · Iberian Tartessian with Phoenician Tartessos emporion + Greek
Arganthonios's Tartessian kingdom Guadalquivir — Doñana marsh 'rings' claimed Atlantis 2011, disproved as salinas.
