🇪🇸 Spain · Rock art
Tito Bustillo Cave
Solutrean to Magdalenian ~18–11 ka BP · Magdalenian Cantabrian
Ribadesella polychrome Magdalenian cave sealed until 1968 with 14 ka harpoon culture art.
🇰🇭 Cambodia · Temple complex
Beng Mealea
Angkor Early–Classical transition · Hindu (Vishnu? Shaiva debated)
Unrestored jungle-strangled temple-city (early 12th c., possibly Suryavarman I–Suryavarman II transition, ~1110–1120) at 110×120 m moated eastern face now collapsed into rubble choked by silk-cotton…
🇺🇸 United States · Buried city
Buried City of Syke Geoglyph
Jōmon (14000–300 BCE) · Jōmon
Buried City of Syke Geoglyph in Ohio, United States is a Jōmon (14000–300 BCE) buried city attributed to Jōmon culture.
🇨🇳 China · Pyramid
Goguryeo Pyramidal Tombs – Jian (Ji'an)
Goguryeo Kingdom 37 BCE–668 CE (pyramids 3–7 c CE peak) · Goguryeo (Korean–Chinese proto-state)
Eastern Asia's largest tumulus pyramid cluster: 7,000+ stone step-pyramids and earthen mounds 3 Kingdoms Goguryeo (37 BCE–668 CE) across Ji'an (Tonggou, Guonei) and DPRK Pyongyang cluster.
🇲🇽 Mexico · Ancient city
Zaachila
Postclassic (Militaristic) 1100–1521 CE · Zapotec-Mixtec (Late Zapotec)
Final Zapotec capital with two Mixtec polychrome tombs and unfinished pyramid, 1100–1521.
🇦🇫 Afghanistan · Ancient city
Begram (Kapisa) — Kushan Summer Capital North Annex
Achaemenid to Kushan to Hephtalite (500 BCE–500 CE) · Kushan capital of Kapisa founded by Cyrus (?)
Begram (Kapisa) — Kushan Summer Capital North Annex in Parwan Province, Afghanistan is a Achaemenid to Kushan to Hephtalite (500 BCE–500 CE) ancient-city attributed to Kushan capital of Kapisa…
🇺🇸 United States · Tell
Betatakin Cliff Dwelling
Ancestral Puebloan (c.600-1300 CE) · Anasazi/Puebloan (Basketmaker to Pueblo III)
Betatakin Cliff Dwelling — buried ancestral tell/village at Arizona.
🇬🇷 Greece · Rock-cut
Pura Cairn Rock-Cut Complex
Andean Formative (1800–200 BCE) · Andean Formative
Pura Cairn Rock-Cut Complex in Thessaly, Greece is a Andean Formative (1800–200 BCE) rock_cut attributed to Andean Formative culture.
🇬🇧 United Kingdom · Ancient village
Village of Drumlin Wood
Hellenistic (323–31 BCE) · Hellenistic
Village of Drumlin Wood in Somerset, South West England, United Kingdom is a Hellenistic (323–31 BCE) ancient village attributed to Hellenistic culture.
🇲🇽 Mexico · Buried city
Buried City of Roxby Burn
Classical Antiquity (800 BCE–500 CE) · Classical
Buried City of Roxby Burn in Chiapas, Mexico is a Classical Antiquity (800 BCE–500 CE) buried city attributed to Classical culture.
🇪🇨 Ecuador · Pyramid
Cochasqui Northern Pyramids
Late Intermediate Caranqui 950–1470 CE to Inca 1470–1534 CE · Caranqui (Quitu-Cara, Cayambe) Cayambi-Inca
Northern cluster of Cochasqui Archaeological Park 28 miles north of Quito at 3100 m on Mojanda slopes: truncated earthen pyramids 20–24 m high on cangahua (volcanic) rock core, with ramps up to 290…
🇮🇳 India · Megalith
Hallur — Karnataka Iron Age
Neolithic to Iron Age (2000–1000 BCE) · Southern Neolithic
Hallur — Karnataka Iron Age in Karnataka, Haveri, India is a Neolithic to Iron Age (2000–1000 BCE) megalithic attributed to Southern Neolithic culture.
🇱🇾 Libya · Ancient village
Qasr Al-Haj
Medieval to Modern (12th c. CE–20th c.; peak 13th–19th c.) · Berber (Nafusi) / Islamic
Qasr Al-Haj (near Gharyan) is a circular Berber granary (aghadir/ qasr) 12th c. CE, 30 m diameter ring of 114 ghurfas (cells) four storeys high around central courtyard, built of rock and gypsum…
🇵🇪 Peru · Megalith
Saywite Monolith
Inca Late Horizon ca.1470 CE · Inca
2.28-m granite boulder with 203 miniature carvings, ca.1470 Inca hydraulic model.
🇸🇾 Syria · Tell
Tell Bazi
Early–Middle Bronze (2600–1600 BCE) · Euphrates EB – Mitanni
Early–Middle Bronze (2600–1600 BCE) Euphrates EB – Mitanni tell at Raqqa Governorate, Tabqa Dam zone – twin northern town with tell banat across euphrates branch (dims 15 ha northern citadel with Mittani temple).
🇮🇹 Italy · Submerged site
Baiae — Imperial Villa Underwater Park Fault Block Portus Julius
Roman Imperial (100 BCE–500 CE Baiae resort) subsided bradyseism -7 m post-Roman · Roman Imperial luxury littoral (Marius → Augustus → Nero → Hadrian)
Baiae Underwater excavated by Lamboglia & Scognamiglio, Nymphaeum 1968.
🇲🇦 Morocco · Geoglyph
Plain Geoglyph
Iron Age (1200 BCE–500 CE) · Iron Age
Plain Geoglyph in Souss-Massa, Morocco is a Iron Age (1200 BCE–500 CE) geoglyph attributed to Iron Age culture.
🇳🇬 Nigeria · Archaeological wonder
Dala Hill
Iron Age to Modern (c. 400–1900 CE; ritual ongoing) · Iron Age (Early Kano) / Hausa / Fulani
Dala Hill (Goron Dutse pair) is Kano's 534-m granite inselberg nucleus where Kano city was founded by Dala Iron Age smiths (c. 400 CE) before Hausa walling, with 999-step stair.
🇹🇲 Turkmenistan · Ancient village
Geoksyur Oasis Settlement Cluster
Geoksyur period (Namazga I–III) Chalcolithic–Early Bronze · Anau cultures (Jeitun→Geoksyur→Altyn)
Chalcolithic to Early Bronze Age tell cluster (4500–3000 BCE) forming proto-urban oasis with 10 villages up to 10 ha each, the largest Namazga-period centre in Kopet Dag piedmont before BMAC.
🇵🇪 Peru · Tumulus
Low Burial Mound
Chalcolithic (4500–3300 BCE) · Chalcolithic
Low Burial Mound in Ancash, Peru is a Chalcolithic (4500–3300 BCE) tumulus attributed to Chalcolithic culture.
🇩🇪 Germany · Hillfort
Otteburg Inner Rampart — Bernburg Center
Early Iron Age (800–400 BCE) · Hallstatt / Early Iron Age
Otteburg Inner Rampart — Bernburg Center in Saxony-Anhalt, Bernburg, Germany is a Early Iron Age (800–400 BCE) hillfort attributed to Hallstatt / Early Iro…
🇨🇦 Canada · Pyramid
Pyramid of Quay Jala
Chalcolithic (4500–3300 BCE) · Chalcolithic
Pyramid of Quay Jala in British Columbia, Canada is a Chalcolithic (4500–3300 BCE) pyramid attributed to Chalcolithic culture.
🇨🇳 China · Temple complex
Ancient Building Complex in the Wudang Mountains
Tang → Yuan → Ming Yongle peak → Qing · Taoist (Zhenwu / Xuanwu school)
Taoist sacred mountain complex on 72 peaks 800–1612 m, 9 palaces, 36 convents and 72 cliff temples built primarily 1412–1424 under Ming Yongle emperor (200,000 artisans) as political legitimation…
🇺🇸 United States · Earthwork
Turner Group Earthworks
Middle Woodland Hopewell 100–400 CE · Hopewell tradition (Turner phase)
Hopewell enclosure-mound group source of copper effigies and mica tombs on Little Miami terrace.