🇹🇷 Turkey · Temple complex
Notion (Notium) — Temple of Apollo at Claros Outpost
Classical to Late Antiquity (500 BCE – 600 CE) · Aeolian Greek (Kolophonian) and Roman
Kolophon harbour city with Doric Apollo temple facing mother city.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Temple complex
Temple of Artemis at Sardis
Hellenistic to Roman (300 BCE–150 CE) · Lydian heritage, Seleucid, Attalid and Roman (Sardian polis)
Lydian capital's colossal Ionic Artemision 48×112 m, Hellenistic to Roman pseudodipteral.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Submerged site
Heraclea Pontica – Megarian Black Sea Harbour at Karadeniz Ereğli
Archaic to Ottoman (560 BCE – 1923 CE) · Megarian / Boeotian / Pontic Greek / Roman / Genoese
Megarian coal port 560 BCE — 110 m ashlar mole at −2 m off Ereğli with Heracles Acherusian cave above harbour where triremes wintered.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Tell
Kültepe-Kanesh
EB to Roman (c.3000 BCE–200 CE; karum 2100–1700 BCE, 22k tablets) · Anatolian → Old Assyrian karum (kārum) → Hittite Kanesh
Kültepe is ancient Kanesh/Nesa — the Assyrian merchant colony (karum) with 22,000 Old Assyrian cuneiform tablets (largest OB archive) documenting bronze–silver...
🇹🇷 Turkey · Ancient city
Tavium (Büyükkale / Büyüknefes)
Bronze Age to Byzantine · Hattian/Hittite → Phrygian → Galatian Celtic → Roman
Galatian Trocmi capital at Büyüknefes with Hellenistic walls, Roman avenue and Bryaxis Zeus emporion.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Temple complex
Kolophon — Ancient Ionian City
Geometric to Hellenistic (1100–133 BCE) · Ionian Greek (Kolophonian)
Ionian interior capital 12-city league famed for cavalry and Claros oracle mother city.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Temple complex
Smyrna Temple of Athena — Bayraklı (Old Smyrna)
Geometric to Archaic (Old Smyrna) · Ionian Greek (Aiolian foundation)
Bayraklı 630 BCE hekatompedon Athena with Aeolic capitals, earliest Ionian temple on Old Smyrna 8th BCE walls.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Temple complex
Teos — Temple of Dionysus and Ancient City
Archaic to Late Antiquity (1000 BCE – 600 CE) · Ionian Greek and Roman / Artists of Dionysus guild
Hermogenes' canonical Dionysus temple 208 BCE — largest Dionysac sanctuary and theatre guild capital.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Submerged site
Iasos – Submerged Agora Harbour of Caria
Archaic to Byzantine (800 BCE – 700 CE) · Argive Greek / Carian / Hellenistic / Roman
Carian fishopolis — 120 m agora stoa now −3 m under Güllük Gulf with red marble quarries and isthmus lagoon.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Ancient city
Göbekli Tepe Karahan Ridge Quarry
Bronze Age (3000–1200 BCE) · Bronze Age
Göbekli Tepe Karahan Ridge Quarry in Şanlıurfa, Karahan, Turkey is a Bronze Age (3000–1200 BCE) ancient city attributed to Bronze Age.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Ancient city
Ephesus Terrace House 2 Hall of Muses
Bronze Age (3000–1200 BCE) · Bronze Age
Ephesus Terrace House 2 Hall of Muses in Izmir, Selçuk, Turkey is a Bronze Age (3000–1200 BCE) ancient city attributed to Bronze Age.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Temple complex
Magnesia on the Maeander — Temple of Artemis Leukophryene
Archaic to Byzantine (1100 BCE – 600 CE) · Aeolian/Ionian Greek and Roman (Pergamene)
Hermogenes' pseudodipteral Artemis temple 150 BCE — Vitruvian beautiful after Ephesus.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Temple complex
Hyllarima Temple of Zeus Hyllos — Kavaklıdere Upland
Classical to Roman · Carian, Hellenistic
850-m Kavaklıdere upland Zeus Hyllos 2nd BCE prostylos with agora odeion, Chrysaoric League pastoral city.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Ancient city
Royal Derinkuyu Reservoir I — Derinkuyu, Cappadocia (59-33)
Medieval (regional) · Medieval
Royal Derinkuyu Reservoir I — Derinkuyu, Cappadocia (59-33) at Derinkuyu, Cappadocia, Turkey is a Medieval (regional) ancient city of the Medieval tradition, built c.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Ancient city
Xanthos-Letoon
Bronze Age to Byzantine (peak Classical Lycian 6th–4th c. BCE and Roman) · Lycian (Anatolian Indo-European) → Persian satrapy → Hellenistic → Roman
Lycian capital Xanthos and marsh sanctuary Letoon — trilingual stele solved Lycian.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Ancient city
Çadır Höyük
Chalcolithic to Byzantine (5200 BCE–1200 CE; peak Hittite and Phrygian) · Central Anatolian Chalcolithic → Hattian → Hittite → Phrygian → Roman
Yozgat tell with 5200 BCE-to-Byzantine sequence bridging central plateau and Hittite north.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Ancient city
Troy VIIa — Citadel East Gate (Hisarlik)
Bronze Age to Classical (3000 BCE–500 CE) · Bronze Age urban
Troy VIIa — Citadel East Gate (Hisarlik) in Çanakkale, Hisarlik, Troy, Turkey is a Bronze Age to Classical (3000 BCE–500 CE) ancient city attributed to Bro…
🇹🇷 Turkey · Ancient city
Arslantepe (Malatya)
Late Chalcolithic to Neo-Hittite (5000 BCE–700 BCE; palace phase 3400–3000 BCE; Neo-Hittite 1200–712 BCE) · Late Chalcolithic / Kura-Araxes / Hittite / Neo-Hittite
Tell city type site for emergence of state and palace economy (3400–3000 BCE): Late Chalcolithic palace (Room A 900) with wall paintings, storerooms with mass-produced bowls, sword hoard (earliest…
🇹🇷 Turkey · Ancient city
Aphrodisias North Agora Pylon — Extension
Hellenistic to Byzantine (300 BCE–600 CE) · Hellenistic–Roman (Aphrodisias)
Aphrodisias North Agora Pylon — Extension in Aydın Province, Turkey is a Hellenistic to Byzantine (300 BCE–600 CE) ancient-city attributed to Hellenistic–Roman (Aphrodisias).
🇹🇷 Turkey · Ancient city
Gordion — Phrygian Outer Lower Town East
Phrygian to Persian (900–330 BCE) · Phrygian (Midas)
Gordion — Phrygian Outer Lower Town East in Ankara Province, Turkey is a Phrygian to Persian (900–330 BCE) ancient-city attributed to Phrygian (Midas).
🇹🇷 Turkey · Submerged site
Myndus – Drowned Carian Harbour at Gümüşlük
Archaic to Late Antique (700 BCE – 600 CE) · Dorian Greek / Carian / Roman / Byzantine
Dorian Myndus — 150 m causeway to Rabbit Island and drowned harbour walls at −3 m in Gümüşlük Bay, walkable at low tide.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Tell
Girnavaz Höyük
Late Bronze to Iron Age (1600–600 BCE) · Mitanni → Assyrian
Late Bronze to Iron Age (1600–600 BCE) tell of Mitanni → Assyrian in Mardin Province, Nusaybin Plain (c.1600 BCE).
🇹🇷 Turkey · Temple complex
Temple of Dionysus at Nysa on the Meander
Hellenistic to Roman (Mithridatic to Hadrianic) · Carian-Lydian Greek under Pergamene and Roman rule
Gorge-spanning double-city Dionysus temple 6×11 with vaulted bridge and library, Strabo's school.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Temple complex
Priene — Temple of Athena Polias and Grid City
Late Classical to Hellenistic (350–133 BCE) with Roman upkeep to 600 CE · Ionian Greek (Milesian) and Hellenistic Attalid
Alexander-dedicated Athena temple 334 BCE by Pytheos and pristine Hippodamian grid city.