Pyramid Outlier Buried 13 — Italy Region 1 in Italy Region 1, Italy is a Neolithic buried-city with stratified deposits and regional significance. Excavations reveal architectural phasing.

🇪🇬 Egypt · Buried city

Courtyard House Complex East — Delta (Mansoura)

Late Neolithic (4000–3000 BCE) · Medieval

Courtyard House Complex East in Delta, Egypt is a Late Neolithic (4000–3000 BCE) buried city attributed to Medieval culture.

🇹🇲 Turkmenistan · Ancient city

Gonur Tepe

BMAC / Oxus Civilization 2500–1500 BCE (peak 2300–1700 BCE) · Bactria-Margiana / Oxus / Indo-Iranian

Fortified Bronze Age capital (2500–1500 BCE) of Bactria-Margiana Archaeological Complex (BMAC, Oxus Civilization) in Murghab delta, discovered by Viktor Sarianidi 1972.

🇦🇷 Argentina · Buried city

Wupatki Pueblo

Early Bronze Age (3000–2000 BCE) · Classical

Wupatki Pueblo in Pampas, Argentina is a Early Bronze Age (3000–2000 BCE) buried city attributed to Classical culture.

🇹🇷 Turkey · Tell

Karaz (Kahraman) Tepe

Chalcolithic-EBA (c.5000-2500 BCE) · Kura-Araxes / Early Transcaucasian (Karaz-Pulur)

Karaz (Kahraman) Tepe — buried chalcolithic-eba tell/village at Erzurum Province.

🇵🇰 Pakistan · Ancient city

Harappa

Harappan (3300–1300 BCE; mature 2600–1900) · Indus Valley

Type-site of Harappan civilization, walled city on Ravi with citadel, granaries, bead workshops and early example of town planning succeeding pre-Harappan Ravi phase.

🇹🇷 Turkey · Tell

İmamoğlu Höyük

EBA-Iron Age (c.3000-700 BCE) · Amuq/Syro-Hittite (Amuq A-J to Iron Age Patina)

İmamoğlu Höyük — buried eba-iron tell/village at Gaziantep Province.

🇵🇰 Pakistan · Ancient village

Mehrgarh

Neolithic to Early Bronze Age 7000–2600 BCE (Mehrgarh Periods I-VIII) · Pre-Harappan / Neolithic Balochistan

Neolithic-Bronze Age farming village and cemetery on Kachi Plain at foot of Bolan Pass, occupied 7000–2600 BCE with mud-brick houses, granaries and early dentistry evidence.

🇮🇶 Iraq · Ancient city

Isin

Isin-Larsa to Old Babylonian · Sumerian-Akkadian (Isin dynasty)

Capital of Isin dynasty (2017–1794 BCE) after fall of Ur III, whose kings (Ishbi-Erra, Lipit-Ishtar with famous law code predating Hammurapi by ~150 years) tried to restore Sumerian.

🇮🇳 India · Ancient city

Lothal

Mature Harappan 2450–1900 BCE · Indus Valley / Harappan

Harappan port town (2450–1900 BCE) on Sabarmati palaeochannel near Gulf of Khambhat, famed for 37×22 m brick basin interpreted as dockyard and tidal lock.

🇵🇰 Pakistan · Ancient city

Taxila

Gandhara 6th c BCE–5th c CE (Achaemenid to late Kushan) · Gandharan / multi-empire (Persian, Greek, Buddhist)

Palimpsest city spanning Gandhara civilization 6th c BCE–5th c CE with three successive cities (Bhir Mound, Sirkap, Sirsukh) and Buddhist monastery complex Dharmarajika.

🇬🇧 United Kingdom · Fortress

Portchester Castle

Roman (285–400 CE) to medieval · Roman (Saxon Shore)

Portchester Castle in Hampshire, South Coast, United Kingdom is a Roman (285–400 CE) to medieval fortress attributed to Roman (Saxon Shore) culture.

🇹🇷 Turkey · Tell

Toptepe

Neolithic-Chalcolithic (c.6000-3500 BCE) · Kırklareli–Karanovo to Gumelnița-Karanovo VI

Toptepe — buried neolithic-chalcolithic tell/village at Kırklareli Province.

🇭🇳 Honduras · Ancient city

Ciudad Blanca / City of the Monkey God

Classic to Postclassic (500–1500 CE, peak 1000–1400) · Unknown Mosquitia culture (possibly Pech/Cahut) linked to Mesoamerican sphere

Recently confirmed pre-Columbian urban complex in Mosquitia rainforest, revealed 2012 LiDAR, excavated 2015 with plazas, earthworks, ballcourt, caches of jaguar effigy vessels (500+ sculptures) dated…

🇬🇷 Greece · Submerged site

Pavlopetri

Early Helladic to Late Minoan · Minoan-influenced / Mycenaean

World's oldest known submerged town (c.3500–2800 BCE, occupation to 1000 BCE), submerged by earthquakes c.1000 BCE, with intact streets, two-storey houses, tombs, garden terraces off islet; never…

🇮🇹 Italy · Buried city

Pompeii

Roman (foundation Oscan 6th c BCE, Roman from 80 BCE) · Roman

Roman city of 12,000 buried by Vesuvius eruption 24 August 79 CE under 4–6 m pumice and ash, preserving streets, villas, Forum, amphitheatre, baths and plaster casts of victims.

🇹🇷 Turkey · Ancient city

Ani

Bagratuni Armenian Kingdom · Armenian

Medieval Armenian capital (961–1045) at peak 100,000 inhabitants, Bagratuni palaces, Cathedral of Ani (1001), Tigran Honents church with frescoes, double city walls.

🇺🇸 United States · Buried city

Cahokia Mounds

Emergent Mississippian to Stirling phase · Mississippian (Illinoian)

Largest Mississippian centre (650–1400 CE) with 120 mounds including Monks Mound (30 m, 1000x700 ft base, largest earthen platform north of Mexico).

🇬🇧 United Kingdom · Submerged site

Dunwich – England's Lost Medieval Port

Anglo-Saxon to Late Medieval (630 – 1350 CE) · Anglo-Saxon / East Anglian / Norman English

England's great medieval port lost to 700 years of North Sea erosion — churches, friary and quay now mapped 300–900 m offshore on Dunwich Bank.

🇪🇬 Egypt · Buried city

Akoris — Central Harbour Terrace at Tihna el-Gabal

Middle Kingdom to Coptic (2000 BCE – 600 CE) · Middle Kingdom Egyptian / Graeco-Roman

Central Nile harbour terrace of Akoris — rock-cut quay 40 m and basin at Tihna cliff foot buried 3–5 m.

🇪🇬 Egypt · Buried city

Antinoopolis — Northern Harbour Bay of Antinoë (Sheikh Ibada North)

Roman to Byzantine (130 CE – 650 CE) · Roman / Hadrianic

Northern Nile bay of Hadrian's Antinoopolis — 120 m quay at +0.5 m and tetrastyle gate.

🇪🇬 Egypt · Buried city

Marea — Western Harbour at Lake Mareotis West (Phi Loxene West)

Ptolemaic to Early Islamic (300 BCE – 800 CE) · Ptolemaic / Roman / Byzantine

Western wine harbour of Marea on Lake Mareotis — 90 m quay at –1.2 m and 120 m basin.

🇹🇷 Turkey · Tell

Yesemek Basalt Quarry & Sculpture Workshop (Amanos Piedmont)

Hittite Empire through Neo-Hittite (1375–800 BCE) · Hittite → Neo-Hittite Samʾal

Yesemek Basalt Quarry & Sculpture Workshop (Amanos Piedmont) is a multi-period tell/ancient village in Gaziantep Province, İslahiye District, Amanos foothills, Yesemek village, Turkey — Empire-scale…

🇪🇬 Egypt · Buried city

Tebtunis – Fayum Lake Moeris Harbour at Umm el-Baragat

Predynastic to Late Antique (3200 BCE – 600 CE) · Egyptian / Ptolemaic / Roman

Fayum canal capital — Bahr Yussef harbour 300x100 m now desert sebkha 3 km from shrunken Lake Moeris (40,000 papyri).

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