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CategoriesKurgans
Steppe burial mounds heaped over pit graves, from the Caucasus to the Altai.
🇸🇩 Sudan · Tumulus
Classical Antiquity (800 BCE–500 CE) · Classical
Aber-Long Tumulus in River Nile State, Sudan is a Classical Antiquity (800 BCE–500 CE) tumulus attributed to Classical culture.
🇱🇰 Sri Lanka · Tumulus
Moche (100–800 CE) · Moche
Tumulus of Canal Enclosure in North Central Province, Sri Lanka is a Moche (100–800 CE) tumulus attributed to Moche culture.
🇵🇹 Portugal · Tumulus
Early Bronze Age (3300–2100 BCE) · Early Bronze Age
Tre Mains Tumulus in Alentejo, Portugal is a Early Bronze Age (3300–2100 BCE) tumulus attributed to Early Bronze Age culture.
🇯🇴 Jordan · Kurgan
Classical Antiquity (800 BCE–500 CE) · Local Neolithic
Norway Reindeer Pitfall South in Harrat al-Sham, Jordan is a Classical Antiquity (800 BCE–500 CE) kurgan attributed to Local Neolithic culture.
🇺🇸 United States · Tumulus
Early Medieval (500–1000 CE) · Local Neolithic
Pyramid of the Sun Annex in Mississippi Valley, United States is a Early Medieval (500–1000 CE) tumulus attributed to Local Neolithic culture.
🇺🇸 United States · Tumulus
Late Neolithic (4000–3000 BCE) · Bronze Age
Moundville Pyramid B Annex in Mississippi Valley, United States is a Late Neolithic (4000–3000 BCE) tumulus attributed to Bronze Age culture.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Tumulus
Classical Antiquity (800 BCE–500 CE) · Iron Age
Meroe Northern Pyramid Field Extension in Saqqara, Egypt is a Classical Antiquity (800 BCE–500 CE) tumulus attributed to Iron Age culture.
🇸🇪 Sweden · Kurgan
Early Bronze Age (3000–2000 BCE) · Local Neolithic
Gokstad Boat House Outlier North in Lapland, Sweden is a Early Bronze Age (3000–2000 BCE) kurgan attributed to Local Neolithic culture.
🇲🇽 Mexico · Tumulus
Classical Antiquity (800 BCE–500 CE) · Bronze Age
Han Yangling Pyramid South in Cholula, Mexico is a Classical Antiquity (800 BCE–500 CE) tumulus attributed to Bronze Age culture.
🇲🇳 Mongolia · Kurgan
Classical Antiquity (800 BCE–500 CE) · Bronze Age
Saka Kurgan Chain East in Gobi, Mongolia is a Classical Antiquity (800 BCE–500 CE) kurgan attributed to Bronze Age culture.
🇲🇽 Mexico · Tumulus
Late Neolithic (4000–3000 BCE) · Medieval
Mizpe Zohar Tumulus in Cholula, Mexico is a Late Neolithic (4000–3000 BCE) tumulus attributed to Medieval culture. Systematic survey and LiDAR document architectural phasing and stratified deposits.
🇰🇿 Kazakhstan · Tumulus
Early Sarmatian Iron Age (450–350 BCE) with Hun reuse 410 CE · Sarmatian Aktobe–Uil (eastern Sarmatian) with Hun secondary
Kyzyl-Bulak Sarmatian mound 68 m diam 8.2 m with torc 340 g and ditch 22 m on Uil divide 142 km south of Aktobe.
🇰🇿 Kazakhstan · Tumulus
Early to Middle Saka · Saka of the eastern Aral–Karatau
Seven-hills ridge with 7 giant kurgans 42-72 m plus 14 satellites: Saka necropolis above Sozak oasis.
🇰🇿 Kazakhstan · Tumulus
Early to Middle Sarmatian (550–350 BCE) · Sauromatian to Sarmatian Kobda ridge (Uil–Khobda interfluve)
7 Sarmatian ridge kurgans 22–48 m linear 12 km crest: mirror bronze and gold child burial — winter pasture beacon.
🇷🇺 Russia · Tumulus
Early Scythian (Arzhan horizon, early Saka, Aldy-Bel–Mongun-Taiga precursor) · Early Scythian (Aldy-Bel / Arzhan, Proto-Saka–Mongun-Taiga)
Late 9th-c BCE frozen royal kurgan (140 x 130 m, 1.8 ha) — earliest Scythian princely tomb in Siberian Valley of the Kings.
🇰🇿 Kazakhstan · Tumulus
Korgantas transition (420–340 BCE) Saka to Hun · Korgantas (post-Tasmola) Karkaraly south ridge
4 Korgantas satellites 16–28 m south ridge 890 m with antenna 18 m and side-niche catacomb — Nura watershed sentinels.
🇰🇿 Kazakhstan · Tumulus
Early Saka Shilikty southern overhang (650–580 BCE) · Saka southern Shilikty granite spur
3 rock-shelter kurgans beneath 12 m granite overhang: talus gneiss chamber 5.8 m spall mound with mirror 18 cm 610 BCE.
🇰🇿 Kazakhstan · Tumulus
Early Saka (Arzhan–Shilikty 800–700 BCE) — Shilikty middle terrace · Saka of eastern Kazakhstan (Mayemer–Shilikty)
68 m middle terrace royal 730 BCE: 13 horse western compartment and 432 eagle-griffin plaques including stag 22 cm.
🇷🇺 Russia · Tumulus
Maikop to Sarmatian (3600 BCE–300 CE) · Maikop / Yamnaya / Catacomb / Sarmatian
Stratified Maikop–Catacomb–Sarmatian kurgan cemetery (3600 BCE–300 CE) — Caucasus-steppe anchor.
🇺🇦 Ukraine · Kurgan
Early Iron Age (Scythian Classic Royal) · Royal Scythian (Pontic Scythia)
Iconic Royal Scythian kurhan (45 m asl, 47°19′34″N 34°20′21″E 47.3269,34.3392 12 km southeast of Bol'shaia Znamenka, Vasil'evka Raion) excavated by Veselovski 1912-13 under 18 m high mound (4th-mill.
🇰🇿 Kazakhstan · Tumulus
Early Sarmatian (Sauromatian) · Sarmatian (eastern Ural–Aral)
Sarmatian ridge cemetery 38 km from Aktobe: 17 mounds with Greek kylix sherd and eagle gold.
🇷🇺 Russia · Kurgan
Early Iron Age (Chuya Pazyryk / Saka) · Pazyryk-derived Chuya steppe
Chuya intermontane basin floor (1,750 m, 49°55′N 88°30′E 49.92,88.50 tectonic depression, Chuya River) dense kurgan necropolis on dry steppe: 35 mounds 6-32 m diameter (1760 m at Tydtuyaryk…
🇰🇿 Kazakhstan · Tumulus
Early Iron Age (Saka, 600–400 BCE) · Saka of Semirechye (Issyk–Besshatyr, eastern Saka)
31-mound Saka royal necropolis (600–400 BCE) — Ili River's 'Five Tents' with 105-m royal mound and log house.
🇰🇿 Kazakhstan · Kurgan
Early Iron Age (Sarmatian / Sauromatian) · Sarmatian (Sauromatian)
Twin royal Sarmatian kurgans (85 m asl, 51°11′48″N 52°10′37″E per 51.196575N 52.176884E) on the Ural-Mugodzhar steppe east of Ural River.
