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CategoriesAncient ports
Harbours, quays and anchorages that moved cargo before the coastline shifted.
🇮🇹 Italy · Submerged site
Early Historic (regional) · Early Historic
Northern Baiae Mound Central — Baiae (58-31) at Baiae, Italy is a Early Historic (regional) submerged city of the Early Historic tradition, built c. 1800 BCE for mound and associated settlement.
🇯🇵 Japan · Submerged site
Chalcolithic (regional) · Chalcolithic
Old Yonaguni Reservoir B — Yonaguni (58-29) at Yonaguni, Japan is a Chalcolithic (regional) submerged city of the Chalcolithic tradition, built c. 200 CE for reservoir and associated settlement.
🇯🇵 Japan · Submerged site
Bronze Age (regional) · Bronze Age
Royal Yonaguni Citadel Central — Yonaguni (58-22) at Yonaguni, Japan is a Bronze Age (regional) submerged city of the Bronze Age tradition, built c. 200 CE for citadel and associated settlement.
🇮🇹 Italy · Submerged site
Chalcolithic (regional) · Chalcolithic
Central Baiae Citadel East — Baiae (58-12) at Baiae, Italy is a Chalcolithic (regional) submerged city of the Chalcolithic tradition, built c. 1200 BCE for citadel and associated settlement.
🇮🇹 Italy · Submerged site
Neolithic (regional) · Neolithic
Inner Baiae Settlement A — Baiae (58-10) at Baiae, Italy is a Neolithic (regional) submerged city of the Neolithic tradition, built c. 200 CE for settlement and associated settlement.
🇷🇺 Russia · Submerged site
Classical to Roman (c.400 BCE – 240 CE) · Sindian Greek / Bosporan
Sindian port turned Bosporan city under Anapa — 40 ha grid with harbour quarter 1–2.5 m submerged off beach, museum in city centre.
🇮🇳 India · Submerged site
Iron Age (regional) · Iron Age
New Dwarka Citadel North — Dwarka (58-03) at Dwarka, India is a Iron Age (regional) submerged city of the Iron Age tradition, built c. 2500 BCE for citadel and associated settlement.
🇨🇾 Cyprus · Ancient port
Late Bronze to Phoenician (13th c. BCE Kition 1400 BCE Achaean; Phoenician 800 BCE Astarte temple 700 BCE; Bamboula war harbour 5th c. BCE ship sheds) · Phoenician Kition (Astarte 800 BCE Sargon II 709 steward of Kition) and later Greek
Kition Karageorghis 1970s Bamboula ship sheds.
🇬🇪 Georgia · Submerged site
Colchian Iron Age to Byzantine (6th c. BCE – 6th c. CE) · Colchian / Milesian Greek
Royal Colchian Aeëtes' capital — ashlar quay –2 to –5 m under modern Poti port fill at Rioni mouth.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Submerged site
Archaic Greek to Byzantine (560 BCE – 1453 CE) · Megarian Greek / Heraclean tyranny / Mithridatic
560 BCE Megarian tyrant harbour — 220 m ashlar mole now –1 to –4 m under Ereğli coal pier off Acheron cave.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Ancient city
Submycenaean to Classical (1100–386 BCE) · Ionian Greek (Klazomenai)
Archaic olive-press metropolis 650 BCE — earliest olive mills & Klazomenian sarcophagi.
🇮🇷 Iran · Submerged site
Neolithic (6000–3000 BCE) · Neolithic
Submerged Harbour of Edge in Fars Province, Iran is a Neolithic (6000–3000 BCE) submerged city attributed to Neolithic culture.
🇷🇺 Russia · Submerged site
Greek–Pontic (543 BCE–400 CE) · Milesian Greek / Bosporan Kingdom
Phanagoria Eastern Harbour — Taman Peninsula Extension in Krasnodar Krai, Russia is a Greek–Pontic (543 BCE–400 CE) submerged-city attributed to Milesian Greek / Bosporan Kingdom.
🇮🇱 Israel · Submerged site
Phoenician to Crusader (1500 BCE–1291 CE) · Phoenician / Crusader (Hospitaller south mole)
Akko Submerged Crusader Harbour — Acre South Mole in Northern District, Israel is a Phoenician to Crusader (1500 BCE–1291 CE) submerged-city attributed to Phoenician / Crusader (Hospitaller south…
🇹🇷 Turkey · Temple complex
Archaic to Roman (700 BCE – 400 CE) · Karian–Ionian Iasians with Athenian attachment
Harbour hill temple atop agora overlooking double harbours and garum vats.
🇹🇳 Tunisia · Ancient city
Punic to Islamic (6th c. BCE–11th c. CE) · Punic / Roman (Tripolitana)
Oasis harbour at Wadi Gabes mouth with palm-grove cothon.
🇮🇱 Israel · Ancient city
Middle Bronze Age to Roman (2000 BCE–200 CE) · Canaanite / Phoenician / Sea Peoples (Sikils)
Tel Dor — Phoenician Port in Carmel Coast, Israel is a Middle Bronze Age to Roman (2000 BCE–200 CE) ancient-city attributed to Canaanite / Phoenician / Sea Peoples (Sikils).
🇪🇬 Egypt · Submerged site
Predynastic to Ptolemaic (4000 BCE–30 BCE) · Egyptian Delta cult centre
Buto — Lagoon Harbour Annex in Kafr el-Sheikh Governorate, Egypt is a Predynastic to Ptolemaic (4000 BCE–30 BCE) submerged-city attributed to Egyptian Delta cult centre.
🇲🇦 Morocco · Ancient port
Phoenician 8th c. BCE → Mauretanian Juba II 25 BCE → Roman Tingitana · Phoenician → Mauretanian (Juba) → Roman
Lixus excavated by Montalban & Ponsich 1947–, Atlantic garum capital of Tingitana.
🇸🇩 Sudan · Ancient city
Medieval to Ottoman (12th–20th c CE) · Beja–Ottoman Swahili-type coral city
Suakin — Coral Port City in Red Sea State, Sudan is a Medieval to Ottoman (12th–20th c CE) ancient-city attributed to Beja–Ottoman Swahili-type coral city.
🇵🇰 Pakistan · Tell
Mature Harappan (2600–1900 BCE) · Harappan coastal fort
Sotka Koh — Makran Harappan Estuary Fort in Balochistan, Pakistan is a Mature Harappan (2600–1900 BCE) tell attributed to Harappan coastal fort.
🇬🇷 Greece · Buried city
Classical to Late Roman (333 BCE – 365 CE) · Greek / Hellenistic / Roman
333 BCE closed harbour of Phalasarna now stranded +6.6 m above sea by the AD 365 Crete earthquake — rock-cut basin and canal uplifted overnight.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Submerged site
Middle Kingdom (1991–1783 BCE) · Middle Kingdom Egyptian
Northern Pharaonic anchorage of Wadi Gawasis north — 55 m breakwater at –1.5 m and cedar timbers.
🇬🇷 Greece · Submerged site
Hellenistic (309–281 BCE primary; to Roman 100 CE) · Hellenistic Macedonian
Northern distributary harbour of Lysimacheia on Hebros — 80 m quay at –2.2 m and palace causeway.
